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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:04  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for ;l* wt) 9qjxqn-:ae,a yj9 t e2up7mqvyou to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should yqjq;nq vae9yt 2pu9tjm :,wx l) ea-7*ou do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to q5r wki2 x c+8m)mff0ymeasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the;o5y z; whgexs ;8;ytn results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself +ylqo g*nw93,t9zzygv 0k v:oif you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prc6h0y:* u og,mj 0yc:qfe0x ininciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions mkq/z+ -e:ywb8g6u gd (xgj9 oof Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela:/dl/z6 rj7 zohda,d/y*m ew 2nv k1xitivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity w bitk cor6*q1f*l6l*sas that the laws of physicso 1s*qlt6cfi kbr**l 6 are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of 5 tp.05j/nb ouug wyy4special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulata/augdn79dx0y ox2bwv6 x 88 ae of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from wmu01wslu x5 -the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would f0u-s wl m5xuw1ind that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a melcs0nt (+w70u j,u(qkz qu.auf p r29oving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defin zwwo2qnsk)b 3v sf;-8ed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ridx3n+ 7p*zv ; (z9mmvklhxc3vje in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while thehmjz kl(vp nvx73v*cxm +;3z 9 other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movingemy07r:tm 3 jw ck*oh2 object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocityqs3*hwq ,j 7am that approaches the velocity of * q7w,ms jq3halight. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length p dl 3rl-d6u-2g ;iwhjnuh5 s7with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length o7ju5 -n sug2d3p-h6l;whd irlf this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of .7xcetdpyggpvx g-aw;2q -a1g (9 (hmlight, the mass of the partic(pyx xceg1gt wp 27(.dmg9-q vaa-hg;le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approacg*79 zhx: q.r knszb+.pc ez7khes the speed of light, the momentum of the particlerpg7+kq.n.x7zszze* bkh9: c

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a veryni4ez t(f :e7kkc)uh- high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. Fr e7ktkc f)(-4uizn :heom this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy protow3.7w1 6k2 s ampmilbhn when its relativistic mass dawihb3smm .p 7lk16w2 oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energ;cqox od,:2c zy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doo2 ,cqoz:cd;x ubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of malfq/i ;kt ,mjx 7s1kl1ss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling a+j khkix.ah 1o+jg+1at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is mo++.k11hxjahj +go ki aving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on 6-msgx-b7oat) 70nje+mh bg rthe observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would o-n4 w .wquvas:a gmx)/bserve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sxtwyw7xptzx;y 3y)7(bq 8 3uw hore, does it move in a rivep(zx 7ty;) xxwbtuyw3 yq83w7r that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thea 2 rnapbat 3ubm(/l q)4* 3gjkmyn1f5 shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 4b5kam1ltn3jyu n/2a qrpamfb(* ) g31.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to s yxkdnsnnw7a;neozy 7; ,3 39the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if then9; 73zya ,onyn7e wn3sksdx ; boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationag w2c6 ,vhhmv(mmmj ;m: tj8- -s0piqbry observer as running at one-half its normt-m6c:8m-vhiwgmj j,(q0sm ;hbp2 vmal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accordxh4rcu-39 n uqing to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the space9n r3 x-4qhcuuship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years mpu 1, u3 i9+owmfei;cold. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured9 uu mifw,ocp ;31im+e by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c 5qmpm d xg0 u*oic htc3t,* 9d):0lkihut8x7lfor 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Eart:00xt t)pk53t9l*g *h odmu7,du c xmh8icq ilh-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.82jdi lfw ppd8y.8cd6i:/ pcs0 0c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to6u 3 e 1nc1dv*goqum8q half of its proper length (as observed by a u qne 13vo6qc*18umgdstationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ifey**fkhrjd 4fiy)j x:az 3 8f8 the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengthk4i*jf f)h3 :x jy dya8fe8rz* does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeara8 q+ 6w5as78e rxgvyq4tkw-os away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to o 68w7q4ve5xq gwk8 -a+tyars the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar seclf*)0nv uu *ystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the sp *0cul*ue)vfnaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha a a79uem9tf.1k3k3d cc+ mof tCentauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse onfce+.o mdm7a33 a 9t1f kcutk9 a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelingl4z )tmni8vuerr-kks :g h6,* at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a prgjqy/4l *f vzbtcq4g n)el4s71u2h 0moton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your s -gly;t7 k0gsehqva j2cm60r3 paceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incre eshmlryq0;gt kgv76 c32 a-0jase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumf np;08 t:gkur in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemdw/ cdifps5pe9 5o6.v ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2 9d)mtq9+qh 1pxq -zpo.0 kg of material was lost during a reactio9mo-q hpq z)d+p9x1tqn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of .ssf-+ zyyo8t3dhs 6smass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 194)+4em(nyz -5 i ot 1vc9 4nbnpj hz92iwr:bwsw5 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? ( wwzipnrn 259zceit4 yo4 1v()shbnb:9m j +-w1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of cyzz1fi; u2;-b m;6ws/4djuc yrk:lt its total energy. What is the speed of the prozj;1z: /wumycuit; -bcyr4 2d6klsf; ton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of ax1w4nu*g.mx x8hlr:o/n /co m proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum i1 rxlc./uxwn8go /4 mm *hxon:n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction ip;chj r+kmko**wop 0n++p xl3 n which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost 3ehzl p:z a (2ywlap:ey00o 2pduring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed w.kh z ldt/1/kof 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to asjkem0j(xy : t17 h qqgjhtc tz9 c+2482qksu7ccelerate one kilogram of mass from rest tog xh0jh 9c q2kyt2s7qt87zk:+jj1s(t uecm 4q a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, * ,j kjl5o.ptk$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor ha faq)njjn7av6kp2- 7ns its mass increased with respect tnk6a nf qajjn7v7p )-2o its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the spec 2n+w)lwtj 0yed of li)nt2l+0w wcjyght from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through ir3.dq 93 ptmhspace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships api3 3dhq.9mtr re headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is trave.3qoh b6vqcb 93(ibotling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obser.3bq bi 3ov(q6th bc9over?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wi l qailn(6nzi0 l1nv+)lc;c :cth a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What ia6lv+(niqc; ln 0lc1l):z c nis the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spee7h6ajqrbw ::it6wwsz0eu6pypy(, o niw 7), ld of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measuresltpua7j riw7w(6,n)e,yoy bi0q :6: hpwwz6d by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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