Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, s3eb oz cjn v.nzh-3n.pw56- wiuch as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emitteb3w6e3-n.nh wzp i jcnz5.-vod

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal-/d8* o2h ikt z 3y 7jicb(qxgvabl76o system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum)f.6ow i zzqc5hbl0 q+ku sn g/z,;s+t is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency fov6t,eu:dy0d, ypv/byy a 2gi.r a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI ua 2de3ypm08 tanits of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value 341ddwluoca h+;ef,tof

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thiue ,6d nm 4d9lfwkifv0+ n;3eb mq46qat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an cs:b mu,a 08qfaccurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depr.5:6ch /2ie cz3pgl yz vey/xends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what 9h2a v54vtcwk factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest;pgo/q ri3a5 p energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assumingz6e :,/7sy8 jyjfrlbq sfn8t 5

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoho,u)d9ubfo 0xn. dw cut(j( 2elboo((9ut)h d wx cj f,d0.u2nuectric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the followintqz+on -u40b nv0v0ft g?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of vio5h yt772 jr9m9fptqo hlet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the nj59t fq7 t 2por7m9yhhumber of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue li:jwae/ +l8nhught and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a c+j/ w8uhn: leaertain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is on/0 fl8ssuu5co +luc 9 e4zb0 ,wssh4incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions.ss nfu05,0/hw u4occ zu8e9l +slob4s If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters theq8ql6e;o ,.yrl g5p/p* l p (eaa2dhhg beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we wil,hgo6dp2;8lglyrp .* a 5/e(paqlehq l find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an elect: 3)bfq3f j rv(s1ualsron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, th 5spvsm5p 7a130movnxe frequency of the X-rays scattered at that angona7s 5p3svx5pm1 m0v le

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what sca:h9zqyy)1os* m7smt jttering angle produces the greatest change in waveleny *91:)mo7hszsj yqtmgth?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube t e5 t)tzna2kq+f/9bl5y8 cj lis doubled, the minimum wavelength of the X-raf tza ejtlcy2589k)b /l qt+n5ys

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matt/ ks 2 1kmyo/6zh.ksac2fn8h py***jm2 rtumher, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; th1 rkm n2k6ykumhmsc/hsf j2yahtpo2 *./z **8is interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Brogltcpsk ovps fj)k89xa* cx.(e//vv v8,ie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed0t2q w1i:i .sc0 u-;epuo pilh, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wav s q0g3q3 v;,vgj;okr7z-xqwselength if they are moving ,z sv rxg7-;sqo03j; kv gw3qqwith the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball i*b:v2nvufguq,. + t4*kthhqos not noticed in everyday life i+,4*nvtg:qt2bho* u vq.kuhfs that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron mip lglm+ -6m7p6ga yu uz-u.w8ocroscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscofc r: vy99j p a:9cwa4vrnuv;(pe that plays the same role as the lenses do in an opti;jvv(rn9cp a99wc:: uarf4 y vcal microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "pho +(p8x3.qgcsh. njv3 gw 44mqbtnb,sltographing" individual atom3n3cqx.vlsghst gp n b +(mw,44.8bqjs?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model odq4da6 rf uf (z-2z;nayl d12if the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around2; za62d1nirydda uql-f(z f4 the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbi )wwo* /.qnjutt where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a **( x;w rc1oa9ka89;-htmnaw d ryne phydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacen j9iy8uh;eda b/ mjy.bo0 r;8jt orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength cor y f d8e/j4er5cvc6:zh l-fcs3responding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of suryv rfc- 8hj c ze/4:dlc3fe6s5face temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object wdh+ jivh)nc; -ith temperature )+vh- hnjcd i;$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photunpn)f o510axon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequzd(rjc 8a 6sk1ency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electro- 04fv -2eynvrz:jlg tmagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of bm +8 6f6l4 huyjzws2l58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy ofn/.zqe +.--iwnp4 ei f8l lpkq red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelength o7kuhi q 3rpkp*5owcw13 )(tf660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that thc09wy lyk39nd 4mvjce)9me jq*4;bfue lamp's light icun9b9eql*m)c ;fye k3 9y j4mw v4dj0s monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work f) n.yljn;ro;u 0f0ac uunction of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the pf ;u0.o)a;cyj0nu lrnhotoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a lruk154eil2z metal surface, the stopping potential zu4li1k2el r5of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of waveleng0yij;7dp f 2ygth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. 7gpd y ij;02fy What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength 35075;. ptot(i2vz)kgj8 zx8x.o le nvfb nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. (jvxe..oot8ztxpfg7lib) ;kn 8z52v What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with 79i..tp obv1 ijsv jf(work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is re 1j tp (ofjs.bv7i9iv.quired to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compto)m83r jqrrl/nv0p)9 zqlv6 vbn's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shi)9/rvlr 6)vq3v0njlmrq bp8zft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by auhvl6ec4t;lr p 7+ /tg metal. The wavelength shift is observed to be6h+ c/vrll4 gpeutt;7
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scajo52b v tstuuqo2q4smr.c0 84ttered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil cjb. v q2o0 4m842 5suqsutrotelectron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with 09heouai1; , hq s.dpka ball of mass 0.50 kg ;a0iqp 1k,9dhh sueo.moving with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ballzyy :y4 t1pmd z35 dik jc-nm2cf/jt49 of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/s? kic:1zyzm44y dt2y j fc/59njtpdm 3-

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of thg myfy v0oojl/ 2zw2*3e matter wave associated with an electron moving withl03oyzf m o 2*vw/gyj2 a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated throughxkgqptzoil0p( , ze(w;.,w3vh3go f0 a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavw,ow(t.f,pvpizxgoq e;g3(z 0lk30 helength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a poten1/mv5p frrzb4 tial difference of 100 V. What is its wavelvf4b5 m/pzr1r ength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by4l o8x2sy 2u ..hrmlad a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum ia.h.m 2 lryxoud82 4lsn $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Wh -mc0vnzd6:zr nzz4(3-crj fxat is its kinetinnc :z(4z0z fzr-m3jxvr d-6cc energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength of ;v6 xr pn.:+2e:zcg4ovckpt-i qd iq1 $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.12h /+4s ncci,nzucfpu4*0v :b(wl tb 2k3 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not/0uskfbc2ptc lzc i:+vu h*nb4(n w,4 in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 stff/m4ipt9qo 5au( rt 7ate to the n = 2 state. Whatr au/ft4(9 if mo75qtp is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its groundgs5o305x 76 hs.d mt6 31lcgxriqj6vkmn6lob state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy wh0d n66xxk5gc s7jo3qbh ol531 6itsgm lv.6mren it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absot oiocd*28ftum 1:s 6 wl6/cgnrbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state*sou g/cmnitl:c2d w 6f6t1 o8 will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization ener 65v k:h5dllwrgy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy o:g z 59rcl7t4t 2j*wjkj8okx pf singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from statr)k9otfsj 8.tq ov ;z0e n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydr ,;zbfxb,2n;ejc tf1jw(rto )ogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in s; tcb,2 tbj effx(o)1n;z,jrwtate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. Wht3aed9o lian4 0yddc n1g.l-2 at is the energy difference between th c0 ny ole9da dg.n1d-t42ali3e two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about +ua v9b9p(ck84jfu rh esr.x(a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electrob.cv+u s9ekha((ruf8 9 jxpr4n's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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