Young's double-slit experiment is setup as shown, inclusot;nm8 8 +w+glhqk ;pding a monochromatic source, a single slit, a double slit and a screen. What iss;pmol +qtg8k;+h w 8n the purpose of the single slit in this experiment?

  When a light ray enters a denser medium vz ulqn17s p4/i 7zp;vand refracts, some of the characteristics of the wave will change. Which of thl zspqu7p7/vn;4z1vi e following options is correct about this change?

  The diagram shows a wave approaching an aperturez,6b2q4zl5sqq2r g p-lsm 1aj .


Which diagram correctly shows the resulting diffraction pattern for the wave?

  Identical waves that begin propa*-:sdxyb oom 6k- lk1lgation at the same time leave from two different sources a-kbl 6y-lm* :1xokso dnd arrive at the same point point $X$. The first source is $18 \mathrm{~m}$ from point $X$. The second source is $10.5 \mathrm{~m}$ from point $X$. The waves of both sources have a wavelength of $3 \mathrm{~m}$. What is observed at $X$ ?

  A student is investigating the interference of waves. They set up coherenc47ic9 9dhrzf)thp 9c 6md+tlfu0 v4z t waves produced at points 4f96vm0 id+ utf4zcl 9h )7 cht9zrdcp$\mathrm{S}$ and $\mathrm{T}$ and travel outwards in all directions.

The line $X Y$ is halfway between $S$ and $T$ and perpendicular to the joining line $S$ and $T$. The distance $X Y$ is much greater than the distanceST.



Which line or lines would an interference pattern be seen along?

  This diagram below shows two apertures through which planar - 7k*aiu*:5 p bxjxeavwaves are passed as they are moving to the left. T a-pai5:ej *7vbxu*kx he wavefronts show crests moving in phase. Given this information, at which point will the amplitude of the waves be a minimum?



A flat plate made of glass has a refractive index of $n=1.52$. What is the speed of light within this material?

  Diamonds are highly valued bp00 valy*e*u necause of their sparkle. This is caused by total internal reflection, which reflects most of the light that falls onto a cut diamond out of the face we see. Fake gems, called 'paste', are often used in jewellery because they are cheaper. Howe* v* y0uel0pnaver, paste gems sparkle much less than real diamonds.

The diagrams show a possible path of light through a real diamond, and another through a fake.



If:

- $n=$ refractive index;

- $n_{d}$ is the refractive index of the diamond

- $n_{f}$ is the refractive index of the fake

- $v=$ speed of light

- $v_{d}$ is the speed of light in the diamond

- $v_{f}$ is the speed of light in the fake

Which row in the table contains only statements which must be true?

  The diagram below shows an arrangement 5x1 n,l2 iz8hfc)elic used to investigate double slit interference using microwaves. llxhe2f)cn,85 c i zi1



The diagram below shows the view from above:



The microwaves from the transmitter are polarised. These waves are detected by the aerial in the microwave detector (probe). The aerial is a vertical metal rod.

The detector is moved along the dotted line UY. As it is moved, maximum and minimum signals are detected. Maximum signals are first detected at points $\mathrm{V}$ and $W$. The next maximum signal is detected at the position $X$.

The distances between each of the two slits, $S_{1}$ and $S_{2}$ and the microwave receiver when the aerial is in position $\mathrm{X}$ are $\mathrm{S}_{1} \mathrm{X}=$ $0.3335 \mathrm{~m}$ and $\mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{X}=0.3615 \mathrm{~m}$

Find the wavelength of the microwave and select the two correct reasons that explain why the signal strength falls to a minimum between $U$ and $V$, and between $V$ and W.

  A ray of light is incident on a material made s)5jn(dtb*be from three layers, each having a different optical density, so that in each layer the light travels at a different speed.5dtebjb* s)n(

- For layer 1: refractive index $=n_{1}$ and the speed of light $=c_{1}$

- For layer 2: refractive index $=n_{2}$ and the speed of light $=c_{2}$

- For layer 3: refractive index $=n_{3}$ and the speed of light $=c_{3}$

- Angle of incidence $=i$

- Angle of refraction $=r$

This is illustrated in the diagram below:




Which is the correct expression for $c_{3}$, the speed of light in the thirdlayer?

  A monochromatic laser beam is shone into the surface of a tank filu ;suh3vezqlj b 8m/3/led with water. The effects on the laser beamh3v ;uj 3qsem/u 8z/bl due to the water are observed.

How will the properties of the light be affected by the water?

  A sound source $X_{1}$ is positioned $w \; cm$ to the left of sound source $X_{2}$. Both sound sources are $y \; m$ below the detection line $A B$. $A B$ runs parallel to $X_{1} X_{2}$. When a sound detector is slowly moved along the line $A B$, a maxima is first detected at $P$, followed by a minima at $Q$, with another maxima at $R$ and a minima at $S$. $P Q R S$ are all equidistant apart with $X_{1} S=X_{2} S$.

Which one of the following is a correct expression for the wavelength of the sound?

  Which of the following images shown below best represents the path of vim2q g) xmy0 ;qlh5smq8sible light traveling throughq); mx 2lg5m8qh qsy0m a glass prism?

  The double-slit equation describes the relationship between-xa(mzeevi7z pt.0g3 the separation distance of the fringes on the screen, s, the distance between the screen and the slits, 7 zp ta0meiv-.ze3g(x$D$, the separation of the slits, $d$, and the wavelength, $\lambda$, of the light.

$$
s=\frac{\lambda D}{d}
$$

Which line gives the correct units for the quantities?

  A double slit interfegc r/f*0sffedwaz j;br,4+i7 rence experiment is conducted using monochromatic light of wav,d7/*e0a 4fjgr r+f; csbwiz felength $\lambda$. The centre of the observed pattern is a bright fringe.



What is the path difference between two waves which interfere to give the second dark fringe from the centre?

  Which of the following options will alter the frequency of a wav 5sva6gh.gp,ne?

  In a Young's double-slit experiment, the spacing of the double sli9 1wk im90o8alned ):rg5 kdnsts is $d$ and the distance between the slits and the screen on which fringes are formed is $D$. When monochromatic light of wavelength $\lambda$ is incident on the slits the distance between adjacent fringes on the screen is $s$.

Which row shows another arrangement that produces a fringe spacing of $s$ ?

  Our fingerprints are made upb)b t.q:x dul- of a series of ridges on the end of the finger. These ridges can be 'lq) -:tbb ud.xread' by electronic devices.

The diagram below shows a certain type of fingerprint detector below, which works by scattering light when pressure is applied to a plastic screen. The ridges of the fingerprint press the plastic film against the glass when the finger is pressed to the screen.




When not in use, the plastic screen and the glass have a small air space between them. The diagram below shows the two possible paths for the light when the finger is pressed down.




Which row in the table correctly describes the properties of the fingerprint detector that cause the bright and dark patches on the image produced by the camera?

  When moving from materiaql+ 4 xyjl3dq/l $A$ to material $B$, the direction of a ray of light moves away from the normal. If $n_{A}$ and $n_{B}$ are the refractive indices of materials $A$ and $B$ respectively, then which of the following statements is true in this situation?

  Which property of a wave does not sku140aoc ypj4u6q 1a change as a result of refraction?

  When does diffraction occg8**c mwcg :.3yncbdj ur?

  Ray diagrams can be used to show the reflection, re/t -nrf,ih-j. *kivqg fraction and transmission of light at the boundary bevq-kit/f j- g*,r nh.itween media.


In the diagram, what feature does $X$ represent?

  Which row correctly describes the conditions f;0r/ / *:wsm ;ydbwzhxnhl 1okor constructive and destructive interference in a double-slit diffractiom1 brxzs 0/wh;/;owlnh* kd:yn pattern?

  The diagram shows two wavetlr253fe eek;mb) m/z s. One wave is emitted from source $s_{1}$ and travels to point $P$. The other wave is emitted from source $s_{2}$ and travels to point $P$.



What is the path difference between the waves?

  Two waves from individual point sourcu c:.26dz*b2 avretj jowi9/m es meet at a point $X$. Which of the following conditions is necessary for stable interference pattern to be observed at point $X$ ?

  $\mathrm{K}$ is the source of a wave of frequency $25 \mathrm{~Hz}$.



The wave travels to point $M$ by two routes, $K \rightarrow L \rightarrow M$ and $K \rightarrow M$. The speed of the wave is $15 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$.

What is the path difference between the two waves at M in terms of the wavelength $\lambda$ of the waves?

  The effect of a double slit on monochromatic light is observed by thxu u;, bs6b:tw7fey3m e set up in thtwf; u7:xbbmsu y,63e e diagram below.



Interference fringes are seen on the screen.

Which of the following changes would increase the distance between the adjacent fringes?

  Which image shows the correct ray diagram for light passing fromq4pm 0 p7 hdaybwc*2w; air into water?2wm4*p07qcpy w;bah d

  Which phrase correctly completes the following senten/d4 gbm/hn. sf5n5u a3j+tznb ce?

In a ray diagram showing reflection, the angle of incidence is the angle between