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PRACTICE：Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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Author: physics Total Marks: 38 mks Marks Awarded: _____________

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1#

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When a target nucleus is bombarded by an appropriate bevmi9:t:wx l(t(.wf3qq.lm) tna evk+am of particles, it is possibleqtm 3aw. +x i)vwt:k(l l9t feq(.mn:v to produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

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The mass of a proton is.ma 4tr o7igk zk0 mkmf810 5ymg8;uda $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

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In a nuclear reaction, c aobr2 r9pbf)n64fq, what value is conserved in addition to electric charge, ene6ao) f4fq cpnr br92b,rgy, and momentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

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A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing flud bthq36igqm z* i. 9,uh8w.txorine-18 and another particle. What other particle is produced by this nuclear rtmdbg.uh,q xhz8i.t q *6 iw39eaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermic if the total kin73ircm+ (jex6*trv fqa75 yu9dv5g 5e byzf4eetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

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A nuclear reaction is said to be endothermic if the total kinetiypx8 oq 7h25izc energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

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The process during which a heavy nucleus such as uranium s6b )m9zpu*. we6biecd9mlj) w plits into two intermediate e. z6wwmmidl )cbp*6b 99ue)j-sized nuclei after being struck by a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

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The process during which small nucleicby qm9 l7(byd-ky b) v+n(7ys combine to form larger ones is referred to 7 c+y-b mk(qyvb(yd9y7nbls) as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

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How does the total mass of theorinj2q k,:.7jfqk 3c products of a nuclear fission reaction compare to : .7c3jf kkojqnq2, irthe mass of the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

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How does the mass of the prock vto 8k 1cj5rm4jr8-ducts of a nuclear fusion reaction compare to the massk-v r4kt 818jrj5moc c of the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light elements such as hydrogen undergo fusca 8:-0d qzevnsi)(t bion,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The fuel for nuclear fission t3;s 0-f.5 mtbx7kv,lphczs3 cxkeh /is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center of the Su/4q*j1+ ; hojdamrb9w0pu wttn is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The energy radiated by a star, such as the Sun, results f h;chc3db)9p xrom

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the source of qz0usnw cvm ,6);a)r8)z dgtdthe energy the Sun radiates to us?

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16#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the principle differe o+a2s;8reg7+ cy.;lbv o trbjnce between a hydrogen bomb and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

One sometimes hears reference to a "20-kiloton" bomb. What does this meaok knh(c.+ mg3adt2)xn?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the meaning of the term "criticaxy txq/k o +(nn3skxk+i*8l (el mass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A chain reaction can occur q.bbd;)v:jk9bcy lmtj4 mw*d7sph+6

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The chief hazard of rf.m z x*q7uotxg)9)vhadiation damage to living cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is necessary to sto2 ikk2 ttg3dy/p beta particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is created in pairx qrgc3ip9*y* .o-n dr)j3bwt production?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

All of the following are oze1s49h: ko6fr* tspunits used to describe radiation dosage in humans except1o zfsk*9 hs 6tpoer4:

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24#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A unit that measures the effective doseej /w z,3ac;0nqei7p b of radiation in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with neutrons, it can change intowhnemr r5./ nr248kx n

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In the fission reacti)ivyw-a*r) 4hp-ajpif cncxx7v- hb-f; n1h2 on $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Complete the following nuclear d o6sc0ri xp)zy/)0ynreaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Complete the followinlp(q(sn tokyswp3 94 sj07f0pg nuclear reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Complete the followinfg7l tvn g+t*i ;73ulbg nuclear reaction: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Complete the following nuclear rbv 3 z5hp9dwsva-co. j6d 1mq9eaction: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Complete the followinggj2 nh yk ,2/v5v5ah*lrfzg1c nuclear reaction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The Q value for a particua.oh *-kqyw )alar reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the reaction's threshold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mass of the statio h-aky*a)w. oqnary target nucleus?

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33#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Find the Q value of the following reaction:-wfhx0 g9xpf 8 $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

Find the Q value of the following reacti efe5xp 8uopmm- xg5x5):t. vgon: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the Q value ford;a s:ll m(q1a the following reaction? $^{7} Li + ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He + ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the energy of reaction oe lui kxl(b- /q.p6/(9swworaf the process $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the energy released (posiz( .tcwins-a;8 6qf jftive) or absorbed (negative) in the following reansq-ia; .c jtwz6f(8 fction? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An X-ray technician takes an average of ten X-rays per daec+ w)bshtg+9v t/la0 y and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. Wha bhtlvg t0e+) a9wc+s/t is the total dose the technician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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Total:38 mks Pass:22.8 mks Duration:Unlimited

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当前第题，此次Practice共有 38 道题

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