Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the eleqjwid) qs02m; yef5j: ctrons are ei2f )qq: ;sd0 wje5yjmmitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideamk;qm+ih dyl9.tx f (yctm)/5l system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the w rd0j 0qm+/s j93qv.nyeg4cmlowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon givo lqqw ev); ;3*hme.x*td t)xwes

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck'ae md qor 2q;k8xt.f42yn em::s constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valrq k0i 9ah)zw:ue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle tha44yaz;f8mufs txcv0 p/ k5bd(t

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate stathzw 9o,y qgb0(trx9p1 ement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends ) l6 agz nfid:nxud/hdk10j.5 on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what fuk wk;kr.pl5 6actor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has 8i0k9qxz(v ky itlyh 8ado;)9the lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assm6r l2b69zag la*bqiiu3dmz((sk )/ vuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a mek,dooc7*d+w h00 blu gtal's surface in the photoelectric effect, g0b o*d d7c+k0l,ohwu the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the follo(yfds+ 4h bt+6keo o(ewing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each delg txjm a51/fk-iver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest5xj/1mtfa g-k ?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejegn0i l+u5dok6f 2j, nxcted at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light 2,jlnxo5ignf d6uk+0 is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of freque5opvq i eom33y:q u.3fncy f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the u m333poyf: oq. ei5qvscattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters thasxeqxxqs - 3rejg3ge 357*k,tv4a( qe beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelexesve*k jgs3x 47tagaxe3- (qq, 3rq5ngth of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scatteredr xmp4k;4: v::1 ocwa4 syimbt from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases,cp9+. xz y3 k wl+sz/uelnec3) 8tfp9z7 s)sqx the frequency of the X-rays scattere 9se)xq n cl9w3+78x3up c lfkst+ .)szpyez/zd at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scatterin7oag:wyeqkbz 7 d7c 74g angle produces the greatest change in wavelength?ckoq7wg d: bzy7e774a

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, thefiy; 00h)dczjw :a3x 21gngjz minimum wavelength of thw z;fy :0 g3zx0jijadn2)c g1he X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to interactzfy;qy o i 6whb8**o2m with the matter in such a way that an 2qo; ofz i8m6hy*b w*yelectron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fast.2ep mww-q3zver, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is eu d.;x:tr(rya decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the t**0u6qhw*ylh (:f9vl8l,snhbqs o:zkj)gn smallest wavelength if they are moving with uhh) lkfw:z*t l y 0qs:ls9noq(*g,*nhbvj 8 6the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not ydika fq0x p:di03v,: noticed in everyday life is 0k: y ,aqivf0 pd:x3idthat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light microih*f2zru3 1w;f.o tz wscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the lenses9 1sp9zg/l;4i lv vaau tms9r9 do in an opticp1lvm/99sagt94 zua9l r;i sval microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographin1i ofef h)r;pfq.gp /9g" individual atoms?1)iep9fg .o ;prq ff/h

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr70bk 9q jui8+ phhmaz; model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around the8+ pjhzi70 abkqu m9h; nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit whe0:dv;)qx x7h 8 yoa.cjcg g3ta)czd9mre n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hyw425 r+ 3 vcvlzx5jx8jec6now drogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a t ,spzn .u4xouw56/iahydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense l27w q sxfw+i:.fkc7n h b*yps)5r.qiaight emitted by a giant star of surf.) 2fk. x7r+cwpq:if7s5iabw q* hns yace temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of thesy;b oq0 rz59e0hb)ry most intense radiation from an object with temperatureoy 0)yeh;r9b 05bz rqs $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carriefn4s :0kujpi tz7 zt)d,a-5qgu)ho 0u d by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of k);lf qg.v7yn yx it70i6/vd knponi/6sl 8n:100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has enenpo g2k unw jij1tw*8r 76a3.vrgy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of(a( urzqwy74 )fri0n x 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light hav).c hro:vr/8mer.y gl ing wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photojtuqi5w( f nu5 ,/mac7n of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photony ;1h + h.:xakpdwgl6bs emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of1h;dalw+ h.k: b6yxpg wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maxijr0j rvc0f a 2rayvvvlf877:czw ;/5 ox5ku1emum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if tc 7va fz:vj5150jwx8l2ukcrrerv7a;vyf0/ ohe wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a meex0,zy )+xm5nhb j37 ra gls2vtal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work )x v7jm+b,250s aezyrlnxgh 3 function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal sur t5-7nlj gch75n,jqc qface, the stopping potential of the photc5-jq h7qlnt7, g5jnc oelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 n3wtwq:lfd9eao+b q 75t;7y n om is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelec yo q etql 7tw9nf5;ow:3d+a7btrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light isuumq6im z 4txx g)-. y 8;hh/+oxw:yzj incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wx4)/t:ym+zgzy hmqwxi 8 .u6ojuh-x;avelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelen z3avcd0 2qqj7gth sqjq0vazc3 2d7hift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a3y. jw,bi4e(idp7i lc metal. The wavelength shift is observed to ii ydwl ec.bj,p4(i37 be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered wp i:;s rap-7bby free electrons at 130e. Wha7:i pp-;abws rt is the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associafv rdg g)q-j(nsx+ 9v0ted with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 m/s?(0 v -+jndx9f sqgrg)v

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 209n9.x kwhg)+7 igad sgfd1 t;i0 g moving with a speed ofgasg;i dd. ingkw1x )h7 t+9f9 30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electronv -mdh 5tv.ki4lr kx-q-n5x-r moving with alnmdx-vv-.kh x r-t qi4-r 5k5 speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference ofry p 0( *3f(oxcicd:su 150 V. What is its was(d :rc*oxp30ycif u(velength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its ugug4 /gnj6l.,ez:.g yx9uy ewaveleug/:e g,gxznl 4g.uu6je y9 .yngth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differencalo6mh8 er:8w)rur r:e of 100 V. What is its momentu o8h:6rrur)r:we 8lam m in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential diffexy5sia: ;8 n ex7m/hyvrence of 100 V. What is its kinetic energayxhv/;y5se:x7 min 8y?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg nv/xrv1pj /r5g 9izd,cj ,f y.has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. Whatl n 8)gh1mzh3:nu ppn2 is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativisgpmnnp)83hlzh1:u2 n tic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 stat-j ezd.o z7*oujg/1n se to the n *z-jog/esnz u.oj71 d= 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. tzdcm:fo / ),kd, afuq6 g*o,pWhat is the energy when it is in the n = 5 sta6f*a,fdzkduo pcm,,)to :g/qte?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon n vm/gkvb8yed.9 in/- of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a trany8/ve gn m.nd/9 -vkbisition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atkn*8m4rj99a(j 1e6in 7ewtmev x5a vtom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ion(n 95ud-82le jyggpylized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2) zruv3not35fr*hg1qtm/ 4 x5a ,ifxd, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen at 3d:o8g lgwc:mom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n w8mc:od3 lg:g= 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is th yxpqdyr6 *46oe energy difference between the tw o 6rpyxy6*dq4o energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit ccj mrl. vhv;)y*d5g4characterized by n = 4. Hoyj 4gv*5mdr ;hcv)c l.w many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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