Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of acceleratz /wy, 7zb c21obdnh.iing plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emib2,b/ wzi.znh 1cy7dotted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal t8 7v)y6virzm system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the vis0s(k8j egs (m 3wjxlb*ible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photox+9 7s;mcb7dyy es.c6od 7u wjn gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constannx cdqd8v 5/l1t are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a 48ubl sv.60t un0i r *frwwfqiz e.32xvalue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlgporkw: r 4u2( ;hql)me that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is anhbhw:0wmzfe) ;tiw ,025r ocl accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends( rcvxc+-jlq) on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its enhskk7+k tv: 3qergy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the loweg.88fwh 4g.vye, pu mast energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric eff1thlyddg2du0(: ( kafect is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's suf0ampj/pcf;4cjj v bv elf6*81w:k 8crface in the photoelectric effectm16 8*cp/f ecwjjk;l80 :cjvb a pffv4, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on whice sen:+.jo.gn/ d+ lvah of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light li d(6npr9gl4 8(gawat7g+ir each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the r dwar(4i9 pl6(78ggn+glti a surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejer 2h dgjawmoy+8t r 6g*/87 s8oufk8frcted at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light iso *harf28tsj8r+f 7k o8yd6g u/r mgw8 increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incid oe bb/e(.inl4ent upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measurbel4o.(n ei b/e the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scat3)rofrqm * a(s lt6pj3ters the beam in various directions. If we measure th)*q pa3 trj3lm 6s(ofre wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase iu5- x67 3fz lflmnobjz+(;(vda f2/-ihgdxx bn its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle incr1z us- lrxv*iuy0,k: cep/kp 4eases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at 0 ux i-ypr:,z*k1spkuv4 cle/that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering expnqw81dz1,o 1 8meaa jneriment, what scattering angle produces the greatest c8je11nw zm1and,aoq8 hange in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube 43 dkfe)bcpe9 is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the X-pef4 d9e )bc3krays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through)14ekj k :j:ky):vdu q x7qbhl matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in sxqke djj:):l qu)ykh7 :k1bv4uch a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fasterh0kb m4 h :fclm0g68ct*o .clq, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to 95 q;( hjp,-lr11 mortsmoui ba higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the followid3lkc,k a9a1 est*5n nqv5w *qng would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving av 5q*kc1kd q 3w5n ,nl9*aetswith the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in eve80 r)2imuad-wq aq(j hwh8 8sjry3y +:s owr1fryday life is thatd :sirh)y8ou8(m war01h328qw yfsr-jwjq a+

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might n*ecmrc)2ql (e(;kvgan electron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the samr c4*)is4rnb d1i(bvo e role as the lenses do in an opti ncibbrdv1ori*s 4( 4)cal microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the followigmc/ru:khjqnv8- 6 *jng microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomc/6qvg :*jrhnuk8- mj s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angularj2q4hxt pm m; l5j2yzo(u0y s8 momentum of an electron around the nucle yhm ozj2p48jt25su(lqy x;0 mus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orzj/24,3i z1 haghuqqw bit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance betweentj8tv4*xi .,wbrx kqn+ho872 g(;gm( tvjjev adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit raxjo mw1a *o/j3 ic*(;r5 yyrevdii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength correspondewm n,x*jk1e3 2 ,jn9cbjz k)oing to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperko,kjj cbx 2j*n ezm)319 nwe,ature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an9bh f 8i7p8(zhktjf( a object with temperatzfp h( (b87kh f8t9jaiure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photoy mrbw557,4 nle gns0en with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried b, hes i9z6u8mzy a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radi)(qjb:fxg u+ayu( i(yation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has a2qn utnxpz(wdo 6 :19r*5b wp.t3bi spn energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light h8n1zn)btks;p9y7jce 1c +b ks aving wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelengtqa2a670*8qm dw hyjzh h 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodi d0scl;q /j7c7tej:evum vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromati t 07/7cjlc:ev ;qsedjc and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maxi: x3*b q.g3i35wxbqpz*s,ahv lhivx ; mum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wave 3v:x vab3i3sqlbxz*;h*xgp 5i,qhw.length of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, th.3wb/uty( hzb e stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function w/bbht.z(y3u of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelenw bj1c,bhy j)/gth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential , hycb)1/jjwbof the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a meta/bd-o3h dh3kal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy/k 3hdbao-h3d of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface o7y+7 pqmqxs u1f a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is reqq py7s uqx1+m7uired to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength sl mgpk6 dm274+uow ff8hifm u6f+f74okmw2pd8gl t?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength sh rkdcbe t2zry:e)-+89 -uki veift is observe- izrr eece)u:y vbt-2kk8d9+d to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelengt7si a5pawi8y- h of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetiiai7p -syw85a c energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a*2itwp). qwf w ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 m/s*q) twp2w w.fi?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a b/3cwapf (bvrmd 22e0 vall of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 3m 20bva/v2 c(rdefpw 30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave,) ykexz1 cuut;t8bw/ associated with an electron moving with a speed/yew,uxt18utcz) k;b of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated st7+lf;* yppic8fyi(uhe- 6nthrough a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelengtn i+csf (yu8fp pl;yt7 i*e6h-h?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V.i39sj,oj kiu. What is its wavelength?jujo 3s9,i.k i

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Wq,h0;wc d5rrkhat is its momentum in ;5d0rwck hr q,$kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differencect zal+4ov -p 5c7. ,e0gpsnlu of 100 V. What is its kinetic ene .0uos4ep5,zlcgan-cp vt+ l7rgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a waveleng7a.tl2i3 -n+up,wu,nnkbzfr3 rshd 1 th of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelengtgp 7auyq1ak;.h of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic reg7q.kaau; yg1pion.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 stat 3ngpofrx:zhp.)5 q *ie to the n = 2 state. What is theo.r n:p*53z g fq)xihp wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in i.d+8 oncec.ooo cm8r8ts ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energnc co.o .oe8r+co8md8y when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energ1lle: du)5do o*ml -x4 3k:0y.osisw dtnlo 8qy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a31l8oo)imxk t w:l:do-5eoq4n sdsylld.* u 0 transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydedy axm2:o7i3rogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization enaxb21--im6 j65q +y a8534kxetqdcshi r ikl uergy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from0 31ss. jikzwx+xfd88pedy m5 state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hyh9 nm zokfeqe9i .j-qsl,,owxo(: *q6drogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy inh e,wkmoi-xe*.n9(q lzo9o, 6: qsjqf state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy differens q .1mtiw 95kcbt:rw8ce between the two energy states involved in laser atqc5trs9:w i b81mkw.ction?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n6 )6u(0x8x q(asy i cmq1bzoxp = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths y0s camu8(p)qq6x6x (ozi1xbfit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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