Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found in88hlvzla iwo8x 1l9w8qdo *r8 side a CRT, the electrons are emittedz9l w8*lwq 8i 8ohl od1xrv88a

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal syslqav670tj9qoqs; .vf tem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible amfe6qr 6a4i4 spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to fa byr1ue.ii 1rm /(/zorequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of1 a,tr 2ang wt9jrdah9/y1/xs Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a va vb u(ai3 8w*kad7wi79:f 0zlg76ya tbpj2onmlue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle t4 /jckuv ra:eonc)n39hat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate sti ju biv38)j mx4 plq)v-yfa z*)+kk4ratement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depe(5tjg, sj ya+j2pxww xdv3ok4 q;5-wznds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy changecdw;zye* b*h.fy3 ju 7?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has th,fara04e et9fo4 +egd e lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainr /: igeyq5* k8otld;pable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photonq.vq j3bldu6 b)fj00x to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, t3j vu.d60 0fbjq)q lxbhe photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the 5pd;v8kji c-e photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same powebs:1j/a , km1y(sh xcxjf75 zfr on a surface. ac k5hx7 1sxfs,m/:fy(j1 bzj For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a gijvues1wir7a(v )ss nn t4z0; l-;i5yki t 7pz*ven rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electron7)twip njrusz4 ;ss; 1vnl z7(y iie5a0-v kt*s are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is4cwt;m;c jz;,shrli- mk*h i/ incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various ;tzcrm-ijw *h /;;hlsck4mi,directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incidx dvko0*w 4ez4ent upon a substance that scatters the beam in various 4vez0 dk w4*oxdirections. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, ther *x4w:rdapomx rb;5d-sin o2;e will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, thff*kmzxs.-, m e frequency of the X* f-xsfz,mkm .-rays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scatter;nr)jt ir7 lu5u.g7sejdyi 6.ing angle produces the greatest change in wavelen;)l6yuj ed rs r5t.j7. iugn7igth?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is668zuiqi rzh2 fdgay:c/rl -8 doubled, the minimum wavelength6qdhc2 rrz/if:zui 6ga8 ly-8 of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes throug 1mnt ob3z6ts3h matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a 3 t6 s1tb3zmonway that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wavelengkc a5q0p7pvpw.:h6amth

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, tx6u8;u:ck nuwhere is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to ha3c+5cfg lpi j5ve the smallest wavelength if they are movi i5p3c+ cgjf5lng with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a mov-++;v; w0qw/igoa xu1 poznspmv 7g 5yo73ej ving baseball is not noticed in everyday lz o+y 3v+gw0m ;poq-v/nea 1p77v5sgjwuxoi;ife is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light micro56gk8wwwhhs 0tff-, uscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope 0 ux.ut7 l/czqthat plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microscope ic7l0q/ut .u zxs

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" indik,i zu.9pvo 6) hmif fsc;):uevidual atoms?z 6sck,;9pieomfhuifv: ). ) u

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model -*ov8*vvs le,ajagsndt105 dof the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around t v ja n-*ldssd1e0,58*ovvgathe nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit wherec b2fv gqm:/xd0k *tk.q /php;whk3a2 n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbi ; f1* 2dar/j,mrn qqjjxy6x8:eox s;st radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference betweennl; m7rn gp(21oyvku h q5i6+h adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emitted vo xxucc/m )7pbhpz-s,xk( :/ -hiio3 by a giant star of surface temperature 5000 K? xp,/) bcv7oui-ziph/( hmx-so x:c3k

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation fromxcn7zvjk -;4f an object with temperatukj;7 nz-xfv c4re $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carr.uxx9oc23q2v2xna g)uq p d k5ied by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photoht h(4 b1bwsczj /.j0an with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radi 8n-5z)8va;q8;c aw ys xpnfpfation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of elea1c jh(mv9q5wn+ xvj9 ctromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red l6*c c-gg3 ukjn*c1qw fight having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a phocekj *4 na6s,gton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume thatd 2raei5pjc5p m5(c3y the lamp's light is monochror( jyem5d 5p2ci5p ac3matic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. n5ddd xqkjo)(ayqzbo,+pn++h3 p 5 5qFind the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons i,qzn+p)jqb + doo(y3d anq5x+kph5d5 f the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppuf8f 0nx,p s.o7ozpi67zpou5ing potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What78fp po zo05fn6z,.suo i7pux is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incidentaa(gwh h4m3ac6/ bs 0l on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the phocga( 3m4ablhaw h6 s/0toelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfacew-lgiu 0ympe m:n 3;q6, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kine30upm-n: w 6yleq i;gmtic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface ofoxo2:ej r.bd-m6 .qm y a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is req:. .oxjyobm-mr d q62euired to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is ocrwr o v):cd*m 3us;090e. What is the wavelength shiftr: srmd)wo;oc0*cv u3 ?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wm9 a;7c x60b2rv,3 kgnycl1rwhgyl2 yavelength shift is observed to krygmay1rc2gy 07,xl;9 b6n 3l v 2hwcbe
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm )cl *p3imxl.( a,b)mx dkx6qh15fsifare scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoi6 x.)1fs)xphm b *ifqi5lmadlc(3 k ,xl electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0gw aj4pv:zcknv.,79d.50 kg moving with 4pwa:9,cjnd.vz7gkv a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglielv(3qz 1cm,d67 sr brs wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of sz7dl16, rmvc(sb3r q 30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave as(6r5damd51u oxl rma0sociated with an electron moving with a xu6l5rd a 1m5m(oa0rdspeed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerate* q wqz38*lnd/fvg-/ ;vrmdrkd through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelength/ -qgv8fwk l *z3nqd*d/vr r;m?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated bnmh bms7u/ p0;cgdpw1g1 s b82qlcvk*7w i14 vy a potential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelengthcmuns bpw2c1d hqw g;7vs 78v /g0plk1m1 bi4*?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. oteu3hp2 h df7(d*wd0h s,p9j What is its momentum iho(fh9, s*dpw deptu37dj2h 0 n $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potentiaz(zgvu1h, k e9ppq)4ql difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic energypv(qpq4)h9,zez u gk1?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg hag8t;43gms mly z*sxt1s a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. Wv h,z1+atueb ;hat is its energy in eV? (This enerabtz,h; e 1+vugy is not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a tran c8;pbupacn,6gkyy0 1sition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of thcnuc6 , 0kap;y 18pgbye emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state i)m4p(*5zbdut eq u*bb)o*w51q gvo u ys -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n = 5 st1uv)eub zwgu(5boq y*o4btm )d* pq*5 ate?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of +; +(*gvr)ue6bjfn+nua pt utenergy 12.09 eV. To which state will the egfvu(6r ateuj)u nn++;bt p *+lectron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neu(- b1qaa) 73g ja.t j+6xkhym gmbevz1tral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionized hz:sr( 0 jvvu5fya8-; vpx gh;2vzz:uwelium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the5iy0 (k,6yxgtn7ohr sq;luad15n a7e hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hy+ dtf g vmcto..s4d5r/drogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in s4s.. cf vgd/ +dor5ttmtate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 691 3wdgki (-q2ygwfgizccf0 0c-7 .fum4.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involvedguw(m72ffk-.f cdzq -c13i0ciygw g0 in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a si02 ig/rti9moqidx hfv) q,*k2ngle proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Brog,qfri gtq2h0/i*o9)2kmvi xd lie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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