Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are jsi2ag4/1 *w lqsz88ocfe)mkeckwom g)8/jq8 24 efzasl*s 1imitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sysfs 5iz0mdblvm 6 j4)5etem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowed8(oin 7 y 7j3qd50shjpez+kzst temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon34luawb- jze 8(tq+ts gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units ofc+ik.is e*y+ 1wzln6d Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vayk e 84k 3amss0v-gvp0lue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particl /ek:jkfopfkd7 f7-4 ze that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate sta2s5 tri d8rle9 pk 8c+jpkm*3atement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends.*3y0 u; dkg),.daesjcz l8ywkrn 5dt on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor d71/shlheowm tc x3:/aoes its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest lu *jwz /r//kdenergy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assumi0crc,h)mlcc 3ar c, l.ng

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an 5 tu-m rba.z7 n+dy)v8hzmyh8 electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, the photon8.y+8a5hyutz - hmb)d m vnz7r's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoele9 jl: q azz1(wrwo4hs6ctron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each de0rl1m9)xez vx7(ps d +;hjimo liver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface perrs+;7h0 jvzp9xx i(m eo1lmd) second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and elp xg w(00w13ow4lzm qxectrons are ejected at a given rate each with a cert wwzxx(q 3 g1040olwpmain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incidx0ya g3hk6)nce k qhi5x96z7dent upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered q hk0e iynxzka)ch9536d 6g x7X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substan9waa340et 37 y -pdpbw w50aaylwwo 2sce that scatters the beam i 70aa3aylw32wyt -0wesaowdwbp4 5p9n various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an e; g4 hgtjvr)22h ylxc(lectron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of t7f :zdlb/yws*/9im7)n aalkwhe X-rays scim sw77w :/yzfa*ldbnkl 9)/a attered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scatterimx4k ec(l2h5+vd1ce eng experiment, what scattering angle produces the greatest change in wavelengt2(ee4m1l +ccke5dx h vh?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubxbkyg0*)0 u ueled, the minimum wavelength of uxe ybug)k*00 the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through mattec *: r6*iq 9irktcnn6zu;nul ;r, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an elec; k*c 6n ;linutni9u6 q:zr*crtron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travel4u9n,awbfso5 atj a zq2qx:m0)i 0a9d s faster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accel/zaxazf3f f(j5df 0*t erated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smalle *wkts0 8w/zeyd8vg3 qst wavelength if they are moving with th8z ygw v3estw k*dq/08e same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving basebavp 4 ag,.f09bayswi7 sll is not noticed in everyday life .0p4a9ia gsfw,y7sv bis that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have o;fg ckryc-a7kf/5rip zl1 9i3ver a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that pla:op2xgw5pv; z- uar 5swj; 7dyys the same role as the lenses do in an optical microscope isr7wz5;:pag;5d xw-2v joys pu

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "pb d;m3o lyoqoxpcq( 9f/u*a; j3 ,mmc*hotographing" individual atoms?9jmbqdmf; 3plax( y ;oqc*o uo, /c3m*

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electrn(ma4 + vye)ly,qsd.nq) 1 rhyon arounds+.1),re nd(ly yq haqmynv )4 the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an xi c46m:/j;npxomgf 78d,tw . d1woq sorbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbip 6qvqfo3ese7(f/h2l ;+kcr zt radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydfc8p,jk 47lsb2cfs,0gsl /c urogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense1rnvzk i)v iuy8g 1ss5: q/j:e light emitted by a giant star of surface temperjr5 )1ik z :svei /gun1syq8v:ature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object with tempkr 1xass8e7d: j .nfbe35jzjew59ic-erature c57i sjkbefer8j z31-n:.dx we5sj9a$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequency 110 eov399 v*j2-yz pnlluGHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of ydk; 0m(0bqdu100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation g bjd(.dha95)bmb5bnue1*,0 j7klvqa4lp a ohas energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagns/bsocn: a5 es326/svsk+ph tw(7eh aetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light havingmg63 q/tg7 xo0o(yuwi wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in j1;md r)n5i pldoules, is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodikpfu 64oq lf;9 7pv*5bvw;sjjum vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic ankpp uj9lw7bsj;4 *fvfo;5 qv6d of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kp2 qzr0pj k+;(f, y:k jeapy.ainetic energy of the photoelectrons(ppkr,2 q: eky yp.j0;+z faja if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nmauy ,73;wko7ged0nsfm +p y9 i is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work functionkop;yaf i7+nydmu 3g9s e,w70 of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, tg3kso4ea+z -ehe stopping potential of the s3gaz4o- ke +ephotoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelengthjmzxlb e 6sl a:37hw/p29ui z-7zym)p 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electry6b)azizmpu-z2s/jmxwel 7 9: ph 7l3on?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incidenmt( 9poao2wsj(of+y4t on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelfm p o 2+jt9(wos(yo4aength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What:9ink )gh oo4m2twpq9 is the wavelength sm hi kq:9ngtpoo4 )29whift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shiftm4(r ,o+hkzm(g zlo; k*l gw8a is obser m ;kz*4gm(g,(rlao8wo+k lzh ved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free elrwctt4el wl5o/gbg a-tgsf-1t y/,qv4 i8r0-ectrons at 130e. What is the kin/ewagls 40-r1 fot /w-,ibrctgg q8 5yvtt-4l etic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated)g o6 xdox1m -4slmnz; with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 m/s6 gmx4; lmo 1dnso)xz-?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavele(cn2sxuoi9ek.82i /j py g:uujf-6ol 5u/h vkngth of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m yn2 oxpk. ou2vg(s9:8/kfi e6uj5i ucl/-ju h/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated witiky 9wxic 9e08h an electron moving with a speed ox k8i9icyw9 0ef $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potential)t*aedf . u5yi difference of 150 V. What is its wavelengthief.5)uy dt a*?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Whatvp4vnet eqw )0(dc o/6e0)stt is its wavelengtv0e0ct)v46 o n p)t/(weeds tqh?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential dif7twf+8gon wg. ference of 100 V. What is its momentum in g fwto 8.7ngw+$kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by a p+c6ici9yp2f*j ey5oj 0 x qo)wotential difference of 100 V. What is its kineti692jf0q)oc i *oe5xjcpyw y+ic energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavel-6iw*l,y f xgtength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0g2 ez ago)h qw3,pud) x/n24sw9ghyg 5.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energzhge)qo, w2y 29wgau p3)hg/d4ng 5xs y is not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a trau*n ql +ihi5l+ hhfy6;nsition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the fyni+l +5qli h;6hu*hwavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogr s zad,5leifdi1. p*1en atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in thp5rlf1d,s *1iaez d i.e n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV.t7.dvhn5f z2*mbtu8 e To which state will the electron makezm d.n t f*vehu5b87t2 a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionizati )1auz:uevv 7ioxi42bon energy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singvqo),ii+9- d fe t(ywily ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

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In making a transition from state n =;et:z1 *ztiy z 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atg (8ulj:u) gjh*meg 7iom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in sluih8) 7ueg*g g jj:(mtate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby+p1 ( txivoa,o rw.y8n laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser actionopniwtva (ox8 1.r +y,?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

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An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized b(ei 5o (ex ;gvg0yib;iy n = 4. How many of the electrv;e(xi ;g ogib5 iey0(on's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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