Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found i:3 ghiy zxzv 1gek8/2enside a CRT, the electrons are emit kgxhe/yz eg 3182zvi:ted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sy uepc6d:7) gs6jz2vk fstem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the hm; aw i;nyoi;6:ik bk753ccxlowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequendbfq7msk4r .jd0e*/ hcy for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Pla* ve y+n25pzs(bt yednb-d nkf)yg3n,g8n0. vnck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vmyi *xs0u 2ww *b7ma.ralue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle zs1d/ 2xe*i rwkh:sf8that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statement?: ktll2jgdb79

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photgz5 nqj)pc6 h(on depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy cha7paxq +z6 k;7 etz71oh1k dfjcnge?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowesbwbu - 9i/lzjsj+ev d9rvw+)1t energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable czf81(3fecajh: yvl+ assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an elec0: ztiwm5kr)ke(orp -idei f-9 5+bk ztron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, the 0emki-9 d5:rwrike z-pbokf(t +z5)iphoton's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the 5cjx8y i*.nxlphotoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same pj;:9h n2xacz l1tai 35k ml:agower on a surface. For which beam icng5 x1:a i23zj9 th;ka mla:ls the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are t.ddp+tu9-w4abnyx c/ -xfx3ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy4 natw-/u9 ftx dc3x dpx.-+yb. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incidef3,pt/ken3 f2ku+ vi;hib/ o ynt upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scatterp23yu3/ oivif; , tf+knh be/ked X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is inxqc:7ou1 me 4dcident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wav cmu17o:xq 4edelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an e xw9n86,p* dbq wv2iyo/7emxolectron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect,2 +ocpjg;er.p as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at 2gej+pop;rc. that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the 1x). xvkz:pq nw7+u mtgreatest change in wave mz1+wxpt7)k.:nqvxu length?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tu64cx iu ichcye2 53ws3be is doubled, the minimum wavelengts3 354cih62cec u yixwh of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through ma/e15 gpe/uzu ztter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an elec5egz1/uupze /tron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Brogliemeob,s* v1 y6y h(w-0 8lcwlwk wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a hgrfl p3nj.a76 igher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the d bndmkpfw+5q u5wbn8y1 j2 ,,smallest wavelength if they are moving with the 2b5, 5+wmw,u8n py fqbk n1jddsame speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a1+qi,jz8*t i gqc)n wl moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life n1lq j twc i,)z+g*8iqis that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light micro wg *9hppp-z6iscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron micro55rb7a /u5ls7e dp g :m)ejybjz4bmh) scope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optpl5)g u 5ya hmj7ezdb5: j7rm4)b /bseical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" indiv.)f)j xvn *azg7k(zrtidual atoms tfnvza7 *k.j)g() zrx?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the anguv w0 ;3h9lqotp+a5ak zlar momentum of an electron around the nuc93;oah0wz ka lpq5v+tleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an or apb.))z.c4eryd mr+ ;vj1l.puwl(bjx.o, uibit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a h9-dxra+v dkxqbk./(1yd li .kydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orb8,j a midxl)d3it radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength cour2+q7(t efihj2dh.c rresponding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surface qhi. c7e22rjfdt+h (u temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation xsn4b j+ 7xv-21npue lfrom an object with temperatux 1nju4ex v7s2pl-+ bnre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is cc7z/yx*5w tys arried by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 10a9g ge q8p(*cl;8+oxbz s(h rh0,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation ha 1u607sram 7alz de0akqy t2c 6)szd* vjscr**s energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electr,.o;mj( zjw tromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light havinrx 53y9:y/ye qj plc3c1bao d9g wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelengikvq2s -0 zz tbo2:k6wth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assw lf;;m jd71eese6ms 3ume that the lamp's 7d jsm;lwm fees;1e6 3light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work f2u 3xywq- 0eltunction of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons ifequx0 wly2-t3 the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is ix 3na7egd r+u3ncident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of +3dgxnr7eu3a the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping h6kn dntn d,5)v2;k:fv- g-2mnj ggbw*ccbr9 potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the k f;ndjnv6g*mbkt2-gw2 g,9n-vnb cc5 : )hdr threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal su xah h4t 4 4.in4,,bprb(olpkurface, the stopping potential4rl tx4b4 .oikun(,,apph4b h of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic lightn5ooa7b dss-z ba54kej 7q h5; is incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light? sno;aeqh- oa skz4b7 5b57jd5

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavele bd li:,1dnib(ngth shiftiin(bd 1:d,b l?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. )3h2tqut0k 1 *nd wirl q).yvu The wavelength shift is qi3)0u1.)tdw ny*ql2vt h urkobserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are j*: t, o aywr/6axhg0;6;c fafo/najdscattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of eaca6cj;0, f*;ang/o/aao j6y xd:fht wrh recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 k40 rb ;ggmu5k lgx0w+vtvq4i*g moving with a speed of mvut +5qg0i w0;rlgb4x *kg4v25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelenguv q 32pic1/ld9 bai8gth of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/iiv9g1qu p3/d b82lacs?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the mat49x w4u*n g fmt;)qsvzter wave associated with an electron moving with a4z q)9 ;ftun*xgwm4sv speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential d20bnp;i2jjhmgpq w* 4ifference of 150 V. What is its wavej0ipm4j 22w;hbgnpq * length?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of v j:az gmxec:t f fm.a1:xr1.w+*go0f100 V. What is its wavelengttmaf :cfo:0 *.11gmvxx:ejr.z f+wgah?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is itoo*1s b c5vkk:s moment51:sco kb*okv um in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is 4nl: c+y8s4 mjb1rr(qk 8c.7e z hgpruits kinetic q1:gm7yb scrr.l+ z84pchkre 48u ( njenergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavele ;o-1ekc(axsl w -efz,ngth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. Woe7 fn(u+q; oshat is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the f 7qnsoo;+e(urelativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a ;r qds.jtq,:vtransition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelengthj:v .,rqdq; st of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom ink-h( 9xk-:qwalb jfqyl/a.p +mx 1.tj its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy qq/(xp1+w h9lyabkkm.-a jtljx.f :-when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon oj hrlmq//-b q(f energy 12.09 eV. To whichj h-/(qlbmq /r state will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization k4nbx 4oj.kg *energy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionized helium a)u :7tae-w1ex;g1 z)6q s/oerdoap b?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 ir80) itd i2krto state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy o5c0,abh zs -*zoit6t l ix(l3jf the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state c3o6lz(ib -x h5tit j0*azsl ,n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the en--m.c1jdh m/jt citg 8ergy difference between the two energy states involved in laser action?.mg8 m -t-c/j 1tjicdh

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbiki5f *.+xdrxmr )b4 iyt characterized by n = 4. How many of the k54i.i*rfx) b+xrymd electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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