Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found insidek37thgj jozjtgz 8zuk) j n2k9)-vj, ( a CRT, the electrons are emij78u(goh) z,3 )kktg92jnjj- z tzvkjtted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system thatzjisg5 bg. a9/ j(itk(

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperagq+c us5y8s2:irkg l;ol7lbw k6z1b8 ture?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon i(ote f) ms7;71wxdct gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI u+b97bp6boq 5t*5d uy itnjc+vnits of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value twl6 y;(.g ztx)/ 8qvkmz+yizxv*g v5of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlpi *wc, bej)4je that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate st(xj9r u rb+j.latement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depenwrq6sr8+:ok cds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halve(swby8b ud;dyv:h u6b) 7m+ved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lo-o; )g)b yo9lt9oig gqwest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect,/4n ecmsv) :)+uq/xq fmo ucr we-l2d is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron fromi-brz. r.(a duh/nas w.y-q .x a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, the photon' dhzr./-.qir-xnsu .w .ayba(s

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which8crsvxf 71jv/k ks)2 s of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the samv*uv,xn4 l; whe power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatevvh*4 u; l,xnwst?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and rehq 0 wntigo18;8h;ielectrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are eot88g1ihihe 0wr; qn;jected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequeny0x pkzo;t fym)3 /ap2cy f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will y 0pfk/;p3oam2t)x yzfind

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavel5d -jb ;;y8jfy q.*fuekvu utwj(s b44ength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various 5t bd8ej(k;jjq fy4yw*bu-fs v;.uu4 directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, ther1/ : qvf ,ix.bjzddheqr4 gw5-e will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle inc ,st)ox+wrkl4prb gg+c2hw l6, )5ku dreases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at that a6kswkugx r) w+) db52rhp,,lgo+ct l4ngle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scatterin0/gzm93 qwganq*h h04 r1 vv p/g5oxxb- )ykmcg experiment, what scattering angle produces the greatest change in wwbv1qa/- o xg 3gyhrnhp5 z/0km4m)v*x0 gc9qavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage inxbbibuipj9vz* d-kx. -. 0w .n an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the X-ravd nux..0-b9 i xk*jbipwzb. -ys

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to interact wi crt6t2p 4;0* vrm90uex oiprxth the matter in such a way thai 4*p cxm0v 0 pt6trro9xr;e2ut an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster,atsaol.0mk qm(fk46n el 1t7+wvl7k ; its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there lky)rw/u7txj2.dw 6l3 mze13gn9y sjis a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend t*,sm:rpv +zj3hp ,xoqs ykdhs8) , z/qo have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with s ypmsrz,z p8)v,,* qqdhxs/hk :3o +jthe same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noty-lt.,;nruc.qzh3r*o vs;q w jb92*ojjzh8 xiced in everyday life q.q.8toy9 3j-r,;r*j xzlu chs hvowb2;n*zj is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might ayd-)w/l*o7w oi je ldsun2 g53- xkvj5n electron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same g )h,zzyb5ybnv9m .4a role as the lenses do in an 4 .yhbay5v)gm b,zn 9zoptical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following micqubzye/ 5/: irvn+bg-ig::sc x- jgv9roscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atoms?g:/b+vsgz-/uci9jb 5q ry: v gie-x :n

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, t)0(u8y7u hnos(xdq a 7naoy9u he angular momentum of an electron arounds(oa) 9 y ou7nuqdnh7 (uax08y the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to;-br8 .in -huma,kxjk one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen + 1- bdsmaiu9o ,k1yqpatom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrog1 9w4h +8hxfjete/6;exter5 3 tebsnlen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light kt zq+-bzju9j ne l/7.newf (2emitted by a giant star of s/j te zb7 w.k 9+eznnjlq2f-(uurface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object withn2*j 4j vuixbw, g4p,s temperats x4jw*4 v2pgju ,,binure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is cu o79vugh n91rxp) db)arried by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 G4j*po0crm ,uftm8 .yqr+07f ixvyp v0 Hz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagn h 7cga)26lm.(btcsy qetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetict)eg ,:1i7cbpie fcg v5 (dh/l radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength whla+( sv7vo1 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules0hp*j r4s-a1m d9c/3 ouzawkz , is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium lqn3kc o/g ct.paq;1,vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic qp1. n; qg,t/k3olc acand of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic eg:3sviw k0lx*co gx)t +q- ytsf1 ;h.qnergy of the photoelectrons if the wakhgyivcg3- *:st1) +qsx0o; xwfltq.velength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopp s(k7cri4t tk1ing potential of the photoelectronskrc kt4t(1s i7 is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, r)6 hhscjo3mx .j vo10the stopping potential of the photoelectrons3mcjho.ox 61 jh v0r)s is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incidendhmq83 i k7z +.oobdl;.xbxe:t on a metal surface, the stopping potent3;bq +mo:liz d..xoe8 7hkxbdial of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with work funct diq3p3ir 2 pis/+3nux)qfcsg7i c9g,ion 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the waveciggqp xi d) nf,i3u2 39+i/qs7rs3c plength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Comptowru;4 xqlpfsyy8 m(8 5n's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength sh w88yq;psr f(u5m4xylift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. s zbj*7 dw0:ac The wavelength shift is observed twd7s:j* 0a czbo be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. wk, jqs0x+ves 0b4itoqi 9m2+ What is the kinetic energy of each qs 0 sk,w0qox9biv+24t+jemi recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass ak)+ zl4 g5nihe u0 j14siqd)a0.50 kg moving with a05aean4sh qid z)u)+g1ilj4 k speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed 4ntopi,7ym (a*h 0w*5 1c:z ya meokluof 30 m0 zw7co4lkyaemunh* ot:y m(*,5api 1/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave assob5 ms(nixv2nvde/2 1 kciated with an electron moving with a spe sb2vidn m1v k5(nx/2eed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its : 45t sn-itvkkum(q/y wavel5v tqt/ un(ik :ksm-y4ength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a67cms (- k6wuopdvjew2w q+g, potential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelength?( jk vo,+pw6w7wgs2cum6eq d-

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potentiaxwe 19flu r4,jg2 5qial difference of 100 V. What is its moment51iqlfxegjr ,92au4w um in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated byki :f 8;osku+o a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic ens :fkukio+8 ;oergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a (/gn-9 klp;kmm:wm*d i9 oexbwavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energ, iwqn*.v,)o9zdmpgy y in eV? (This energy is not in the relatividoqn m*p wgy zv,.,)9istic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 sthlfity+6s)y+ .n2 -b vzfr z4iate to the n = 2 state. What is thei vl64 +.hft zyfb+-z)in2yrs wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom inb47*ityw. kby gq67d *xdk1h+uodue9 its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy w4k u9ek7xbqw+d.*7 *uh idty b yd6go1hen it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon zj,xp -2b;ecia/ :yb ykhif;( of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will ;jia2 /-cy;f e,h(zybipbxk: the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atom?ulenog a2*en2v4 .8 yi

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionized helium*hrkmblb4q3k: ab3nez3d:s 6(sfv , s?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1ih ;avkep1 dv5 o(ja,3/et8af to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

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In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogenr, zwyg,7kf 5j atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n7y,f jr wkzg5, = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a rubyn 114 pmr5jhlse4f 6w-xegpyq*qq+ t0 laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser action?j *q-sl5whyqpqxp 41ger n4+160t fem

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

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An electron is moving about aw//rk.h9eq; kk ar3 i.kz.n d0dzpy n8 single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. Hq0 yda3.kir n/zwke8pk . kn/9hdr;.zow many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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