Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, suc7d (o d 8xdnlr30mrk,p g+;qrsh as found inside a CRT, the electrons are +dl7mr krq d rnx3gs,o( p;d80emitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sm k/.5(dtvnhj ystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associatednb-qlm5hdob3.5 d 4m5h7-u4h b vewjz with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given peks3cla,yu /)f :tpf8jp ,ln0hoton gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units ofa; cnz6k2ik52 4mui hg Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has bd6sqwod w*;( *dromy9ghr*9 a value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a partics3wvnc ane8 .+vwka/.le that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an nv44yw0fbrzthx5h2+ pxx b san)7qr4f+5w) v accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depeph c,p84x+jx-ji :u ninds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of 1q a5x8j4cviza photon is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy p xxml2 *a.ml/kb0 lt6zhotons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable dqq*o*rqe 4r. assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a lb.,s orx v5q8metal's surface in the photoelectrqs,rbxvo5 8.l ic effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of thr9 - jovv9dfb rq xt6km8q+68je photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet lis sv.o7qff,nz 3xuico;ku:e0- tl ) 3oght each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the nxv.fl; )e-k 3oioczs0to nu7f3,:qsuumber of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected ayr 0alf0lf paxj8) x:n/j:+sgt a given rate each with a certj:)n+0:lla8 xypgjsfax/0 frain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident uprqj-:r hh:( z+py i b kl2*:cbf3cd*gvcuem46 on a substance that scatters the beam in various directionsf:- riykbrl m z hcq6:pgc*ue4 *+h( 23:cbdvj. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a s+0 9;agr) w4jzuy , vdo8fos :zgzdfc)ubstance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of t0a8zfuzs g,j)y+df; gcovr49 d owz:) he scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scatterrs8e yftlg,zo 28yz6.ed from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, f- 5bl 2g (c)i5b.e lt1.2fzwwlvi sqdthe frequency of the X-ra2bdl-b i)v(lsgi.2c5wz5 1tewqlf.f ys scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what sbbek)r, 6dkaeu rio009yz 9n.cattering angle produces the greatest change in nyk, )bo9a6 kd uzre ir0.9e0bwavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the acceleratine/4z;uv5 sz,f 5 jaftng voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the X-ra ;suvfnaz5ezj 5/,f t4ys

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes thr 6fo) .e1skilyough matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interact61k.f iloe)s yion is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels f u/(iiid3)gdds b9xl+lp tn2ee20zt( aster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is acceleracuz a*1r896lnhr6vm i ted to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have tht8(jw1ay: cvs qc,0x;wz9e1x m9luc u e smallest wavelength if they are moving with the sacvc9wx u xqm0(; lut s8cwaez,:91j1y me speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is 79lo*zof .. yyu9k sutnot noticed in everyday life is tkysuu.oofz99 *ty7 .l hat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a ligo, *2 .qqhndhyht microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays th+ ejno4z ,n2yi 0ms2a/dp3. d0(hdh)ugho cs be same role as the lenses do in an optical m/ 2.aidunmze0dsos h2o,hjn0+d h4c)pg (b3yicroscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following micp/l5d 07zhqz kx0,opiroscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomskp,q 0zipl57ozd/0h x ?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr q5q v/q ionl*6model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around the n q*q5qn /iolv6ucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where) nqgah 4 - dk1ui5q-*viu5ssv n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrog/wwac0-u fil pdsh- :/en atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in bnuc hyo2g)19a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding tozl w6yw iy-1lq+wnlwj9c0w at*g3-h 2 the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperature 50cn wh2 1i9ywgt+-3-wzwl jal0lw*6q y00 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency 1-fy-5kaa w0jdt2q9kebk 4yyof the most intense radiation from an object with temperatyj59b-qf k210k4ytk awa y-deure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a pho5yy sw8w)hh x.ton with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 xvv*4smwy3r37i k(jvGHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromatih0 j+.v lvn6z3 vgt5gnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energyvb -b0.nyybggu0- /,yhdq 0dc of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 nm/8fzy*qlqcq 4j ;cc2p ?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavele-cl/, 8npn ogii.fcw tg+5;nj ngth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by m a/96djej ;sqwk /e4uhaqh x/m eky,-c/i)y/a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavelens- /;he/9 eyh4 j k/x/ueymmd,kaw6ai cqqj /)gth $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic epfsx 3 ewt7;2bk3ist+,;kyygnergy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of gbw,s7+ytk3; k pt32;seifxylight is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm rswhaw*g. .h hbk2( p)is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the) h(spw .b.h wk*argh2 metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident oned ov6 te;e2k5gd 7vr+a w(jpon37)kc a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshol do7veke6 v5 (k3 +7;n2gapodce )rtwjd frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of waveleng chj4/nhzm*gq-jpopf ) z9h20th 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximgpz hc/0-o4j)*qn fj h mhp2z9um kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with work :6hi6a p+*i6mslqa lgfunction 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required toq6al+ 6g:s* lph6mai i make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What +c0c dn8nck7d is the wavelength shift? 8ncc+c7dkn0 d

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by* rwl coy8 s;drbrrov/ :-p..+notr(s a metal. The wavelength shift is obs;.c(*/w8 y pntors -orrrrsd+ov:. b lerved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nbdt3f,d ii 6f4dh( rde7b7lr.m are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil electtfbd 7fdl rd7(6ei.h3bd,ir 4 ron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated ww()o d eis87jsp; 2xghith a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of ) jd;s 87(hpgow2ixs e25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 x6agl rt58d( kv 2tobihnai/zp(2 34r g moving with a speed of 3it6h rg 3/plz22n85((ao4tdkix vrab0 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron mojmnp l )h(m, 0p8eqz 3p4atev;ving with a 4tmpleha(0vjz)3mp;,8q e pnspeed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a2e+wauprm s/k4gucsnt *7 2 (d4 ehvw0 potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelen ruwkadehcp2e*s440 gt/2u( ns wv7 +mgth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potentvq5v31tje df o8 qb ,f1y1/hteial difference of 100 V. What is its waveq tfd t vhq1v/1feyej5o18, 3blength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differe-dhd)bcs6e-v nce of 100 V. What is its momentumd ) -bchde6vs- in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference ocv, y0 e1v rxs(81bkatf 100 V. What is its kinetic energy?0vyx,( sbc1ak81v ter

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wehec,;(n 3.p*md eki/ wl- owcavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in ep714 t/ uxbeydV? (This energy is not in the relatixd/ b7u1 epyt4vistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a tr6ta )vz1 tud h.c)tixem +,o,sansition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the waveid tzt ,voumsx)ea1,t+ .)6hclength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. W;whra p8 f7*enhat is the enerp;w7rhn f ae*8gy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground 2naph 8qlw(g/ state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron m8 (nqw hgl/2paake a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrof l8pkj93 nl2lgen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionizfu:319x c mkqged helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n =izbumhs- kc6*/b ja642f mwpb 2+ xl8h 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is w, vj)htt4a+j-13.58 eV. What is its energ)hjw, 4jv+ taty in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What istfuiijr n*pf:6 r8 u34 the energy difference between the t6rr iu8itpfn4u 3:* fjwo energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving abo8sj rv c,/ /kltjkv +shus 2+.wrhg(t9ut a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the ele ,t hvltw9k/g++8 s(./cvrjrkh2s s juctron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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