Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRie:0 jk1+hi8ycy (dxz T, the electrons are emz x1ei :dh+0iyk(j8cyitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideala0xpxl 7d3 b*rh*,pf o system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible 8 mtx22 e8wrxnqb +qkaqiwt61l r*:s*spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for agd ah.go9*la x*qy34v given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Pl pxegs6 5vm7pu /u1iu7anck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant hasqti5 c+ ;2lwaz a value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle toq l5 qzqw/j :9i.p4mnhat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following im0w7 9r:s nt:(j yqd 8enq5wuds an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends onojrgpu;0eu3; r h 8-nt

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halvedg7k ga.6 w;;eddzrsp yf6yz26 , by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photons( 5va9dmm3 ctb?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect i+rfer zk9a xy:8,x ;plavj4a0s explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject ne,b z/,e 95u2r jffvian electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectrinief,fj e /r9bu2v5 ,zc effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the foqfi 8lte7cp3ixzl -5*llowing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light a/dv ajqtd 7lu b.73jh7nd a beam of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per h .qj7td773vla/ujbd second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated ayioji- kwj7v k lp is ;yk(uii,9983du*-i /owith blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons arei 9,dji;ikiku(9 ap i7wk3iloy /-*jo-s yuv8 ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters sxu0jx 9hx-8g the beam in various directions. s8 xg ju09xh-x If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the 9:o ;fc0 hjeb9pd3ajkbeahob0jpk ac f;9e :39djm in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an eleg 2i6chd8h2p1k9,ulq ph +mnxctron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle i (:.2(ko*vs h ktgtxkpncreases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered p vgkkk:to*( .ths2x (at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produwm nr ;s2 8qe0bh crvl55x2-mh fghot01eo1u; ces the greatest change in wavel05v5 u2-hsh x ;rtcen0 l f1ew12mmgbho;qro8ength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-rab+t xze w)7d*fy tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of+tedz f* b7x)w the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it i6ov9*odtovs tw74-mna7rf 2 9iq-t kvs possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that a o- ia*fnsdrqt94 7k2vmotw 9vto67-v n electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, if9( k7, fi(dolgq wtj/ts de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there . 1zb 0qq. ursstdzxpa *:y8zu)y( l7ois a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest waa/,lo0ev mv/09fxz cl velength if they are moving with the same speed?lc9/0,a0 lxvem/ vf zo

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a vo-e(lic dyl)u9 oa2dmd:v 21moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life i 2v d)ulmav2o(-d lie:y 19cdos that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an eletmg* 2raj -fix u5:x.qctron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the 2ufiye xkj++ xy,v4r4 lenses do in an optical microscope iy 4rje kxxu,v+i2f4y+s

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual y) rop(,-goxwatomw(,o x-)pyrog s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum oo7+n(,jlw t0 9w9j xluv q-y8vqwuk t.f an electron around the nucn- .99w lvoj ,x(0y kv+jw78ttuqlw uqleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to vws6n ) 3d7kduone where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii ivg o3 7(9s0ljkw* rgezn a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrkw56vomj( .21lme ury5 dvl7x( ui6 qgogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense lightn,q l iz6om0n; e*;jvf emitted by a giant*fqn; lz,e0no;j i v6m star of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intensh-tp3xfo3 fs0e radiation from an object with temperature pf 03sh3t- ofx$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with fa ;3k (yfjx9cbrequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a free9zyu3kt 4(pszv6g,u7 3 jmk aquency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has energ5vpt g1;-+uhl2hh eizy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy ofr7j4su4 v0lx/d2 dr wv 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having1 wcowot5 ic,14kt8s jj+;jmsw 1fv6k wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelea;2ki9.fr0i obs r hj;ngth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emittelx9ji ldh1wrv( ,8 v4id by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavelengd 481l,x v(lw9ihiv jrth $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetirxyc,c3ltx z( /r6(cec energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.t/(6 3ce xzclcy r,(xr

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, axl:vo a5a)q0 the stopping potentiaavq a:0alox )5l of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident onqp,cmb 5 0t)m(pr6qhs a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold freqp5pc(mrb)tm 6sq h,q0uency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nmgvk, 9z5n:,u3x rmyt f is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. z9yk r: ,gt, xuvm5n3f What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light a9nkm+bniee ;.7 s f :d):vzosis incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero,n+fm as9skb:en 7e:ido zv) ;. what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattex)jma/w/s.sjhu.8 xt. ld g3nring is 90e. What is the wavelength slmgs/8ua.xns3. d .j)hj/wt x hift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scatteroue r ur/,h:m2b,trs:64ks t red by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed tobehu ,6ou : / tskt2mr,:rr4sr be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are s.a:x)5 0 zxsjgm2 roifcattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil e0:2fz ijoxr5.xas g )mlectron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 q3lbh/ muf46 rucqrt8,(h.zs kg moving with a speed ofm c q hquhs3z(b6f,rltr/4u .8 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200c6y8na fs kg+qdlu2,6dov p90 g moving with a speed of 30q dd6uf90o c2lyn ,gav6 +sk8p m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associw+(xkq / ,4(gvdiw iflated with an electron moving with a speed/f + ,gqwv4iwkxdil(( of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is it4lg 7tzy(31fpd1 / crs z3ug6j 2s)qxpwy4liis wa fsuy7di31p34t sjwg)pq /2i1 xzzl6lr gy4(cvelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is itga9j4 rrph/ a;s wavelengthjrr/4a g;ha9 p?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference 2jrvn5/j mc8ti6q. ibof 100 V. What is its momentum iqm.8 njr65/vc j2itbin $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What idm*k bqfus0er1j 8c 4:jh3k2js its kinetic energjb *jqde1k 0hucfs2r3 k8m j:4y?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength of)v,g)8zn77r qbhhgq z $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a waveleng f;k 1d +au w 2-zqzu6.kz1tmep+tmcx:th of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in tmatuw+ -+ xzpkkm:c.6f ze dtu1;2 qz1he relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to wc+ts 7o /0usc/i iu.wl3wzc*the n = 2 state. What is the waveleng/cwl/ww3t .sz uo7isi c0 *+ucth of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What ;wk/y9ec8,6q 4rcz ou5mi y wbis the energy when it is in the n56y b co/ zywce4,u9i8mqrk;w = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon i0cr,f(; + mlxegx2 pfn9kx/pof energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a trm;c (lix 0xf/f+kppen,gr9 2xansition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy o6m ;9u:alhfs vf the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energkou)u vt-+: yry of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen a;wktc1 tqjmema,5w *tc2 u(m3 r-b8wdtom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.5*vu tu (.pxuk.8 eV. What is its energy i utp *.uvkx(.un state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruba84c1st9b fazy laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between thes4 fztaa81b c9 two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n =pfcy4v m+y u,0 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this ormvu +c4,yfpy0 bit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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