Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates,jz-yuw;fv.pn2+7wa *sb 2 kyl such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are .; wl2p2ab+sv7kzj w yf-n yu*emitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system toz- p8k:c8 chyhat

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with theq*q rvy: nkr,s (ri4 r)cd6l0m lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photml 2ajbck-2/fon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant av*oc nhgl 5r;x*bmjc7l 13f4fre

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valufz+: + rtxte2xe of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle tla m3)ak5mzsutdq+d u)rm.,p7( y:rphat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following i xc5ga4 8mxt(ubl+dwn2jah r 2if6/a5s an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photo pz.zc;.rz49s j jfqib/me 5l*n depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its 145jyxgvxxy 9bhl9ir(e6 i 2w energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light ha5h qm54 e9;nh :kjqxovs the lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explai;e7hku, ii 6ce;* p+i0 5nvqwmg)bmdq nable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon tzbl5f,*znu7z+ yx f* so eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effeczyf5,bl*n*f s7+ xzuzt, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoel.vgmz-rj- 29hw y1df sectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver t7lkskh6+ui sv:-nrqm w 8h .g(he same power on a sursr: sg(kv+8mkh.6l- qn7u ih wface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a )i/7dyc(rqm 4yg.ypih5i a(f given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the ri 5.py (fm4d7iqyyagih ()/cintensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a 6c0xjhr im0;n substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will fh r6xcmi0nj; 0ind

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters t9 ;myw(iz: vwn7u wya*l g2ac1he beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered 9 (ma* z:;ywuvlci12gn7wa wyX-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, t*te(eo1esy 1qhere will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle 3ih2g t1e* xh,wrmk 2s ml(:3kbdtq5qincreases, the frequency of the X-rays scamh krbx:,sqih l12 qteg*(t53wd3km2ttered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scatterinh+ l-qhfwuhc44 q5i;wg angle produces the greatest chang54ciuhlww + qh4-h;fqe in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubledq.w u;p*ji8 th9j4oxz i(7k 4gfthh.o, the minimum wavelength of the X-rays h xtz.ig(tpj9f;4hojko 7w8iu*qh.4

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to intee snkh4f)7c z;ract with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred4k;h7 sn efcz) to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wavelp( hodie/4is;ength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, v)jokan, p * rp9st/av3rf5a*there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength qe(a/n q *2v;rmngx;r *4nvvxif they are moving with the sa;nnrxqr/(na 2ev4*v;x gm*v q me speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the waveliphl**6 u*mn dyke nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is *pu6nmyhd*l *that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a t44*s/z r.zlfgkswx/u *q5kx light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same m(ma2k8b wbi9 role as the lenses do in anwi(m akmb2b89 optical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microo*ps:ybd jqh5q1 t.d/51zxhr scopes is capable of "photographing" individual atoms? h.yt z1pq: h/r1xjdq5d*b5 so

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr movhv(+u 4 af8xidel of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around the nvv 84i (+afxuhucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit wher :lyiq m0/bx7ee n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii ing fz t7xv/6clpz)/rc, a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radiia n ;xqp3x,dbq iv(8yc)y: mildkz.32 in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelengjevy--ay rxzlcf2d.z9a2uq +60 ,wrwth corresponding to the most intense light emitted by a giant zwq cydr2-eux wf26j,90+ azvl-r . yastar of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object with l ;4kto0a 7fortemperatuo4 r0olaf;kt7re $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with uipp4fx7vca, 6lp:5ofrequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a freqs7x )gtew,9t ruency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What frequency of electromagnetic radiatio5(-es-f 3cnd3.mw ze mx pgk6fn has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What frequency of electromagnetic radiation blxk6c:u w1u f0ukm1us1i-1 ahas an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelengthx ad1u2fvo 1iqy.z7 7x 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joulesna5.k los0dpn(;dye *:5j8hd ih5nog, is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapodpa)v0oi5, 8 mhunn 8nr lamp? (Assume that the u8aoh,m85d nvp0 n)ni lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetksm5ixitcup* duz ,o ai4))78ic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.)uxuz ipi,iock4) m5*td as87

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is inc9/uv.g2;qzw luxct.5qa+ f hyident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the.h+ tlu5 ax9;q. uyw/ cgvfq2z work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength d4cb zi2a mx9-/ alx;y350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. Whc;abim 49 dxzxay /2l-at is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength4gl nbt q((bvf48o :7av/t uih2m qpg, 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic ener hpnbgob(,vv4a/2f i mul8( t7:4qqtggy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light kwr)/ *azo nka3lx 84wis incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-8a */kx34)n wzola wrkV stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton'sesz, cwr h;:jd8rh87l scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shift?l :e;czw,7 hrrh8d 8sj

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength ecemrzg9 - 2a90.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed to2 m9caz9r-ege be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0. ndxnhi 80x*7i00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil electronx7hn0x i*d8 in?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball-xgfv(y)n r.pnn q5n) of mass 0.50 kg moving with a sp 5 pgnv-)nnn(q).frx yeed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a spee tlq2lx1p6o .1yx0m/pm jw)gv d of 30 wyxm 2qgx 1pp 1/ltolm.v0)6jm/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associadi2 j oy z:bzlw56vx::ted with an electron moving with a speed of:6xzwib jldo v2:yz5: $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated th9q 5dtn/m, ofxb1y7 ryrough a potential difference of 150 V. What is its waxo1rqybmfd,n / t75y 9velength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Whar klkzl4- -jdh01 *1p6optdj nt is its wave*kj1rknd6 zjt4pd1- 0lol-h plength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 or7ofaw *:)pv5qhfju,cj(dp;, a 6: .m uyvv tV. What is its momentu,:pwf,*uc q y h fam:dtv(arvujp;57).o 6v ojm in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differrvxa .3 nn9v2eence of 100 V. What is its kineticav9.3 ne2rxn v energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength ol*2xjv6 0s zgl 44hwrkf $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This eny3s c+eulch7ds6gce :b .t/y0ergy is not in th b6+u :3sy.0cl/e hecyt d7scge relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from x.lyjwwum) ,(the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is tw l,)j (.umywxhe wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogee(g/ yiycc2j3n atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the cyce/g(3 j2yi n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state o v1:egr+q fs8ym,/zv absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which f1 yq:e+vsv8,g/zom rstate will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydroge(ti2tsw.z f0an atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy oseme 7ci frk3nd;8 w.1qg no4 *.rrc9qf singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transiti 8 pq4vmq ah-hrzto/.. *lq7bron from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen a soo9 n)5onyqa7ozqlf-/uqnt b9u53 )tom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n =ayuqu)qn5 7t5 /9noqz o9-3nl)b sfoo 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy div y rfl-k.e,a;2pz +yifference between the two energy states inv,fi 2yvaylk- +er .zp;olved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. vphjevpw3 2t5y( 8d2z How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumferenc2v83(2yz eth 5 vpjpwde of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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