Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRTn7ql;tvxwsiz3 3(ph +, the electrons are emiz73wv3x l; h(snq+ ptitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sj6hg0 hrodw( /ystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the le(69 o m7ffberowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to r,/jp-w, u x m4y..tugam)hkrfrequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planptzdj3fomqx pi8 35 (;ck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vay;e4hq 9.er7yp/cn k elue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thatvi6f4h/ yjao 5

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is+pq j:pr*ph40.0quk, wvuggz enc1l+ an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends onfl-l/ci-etg*1if 9 f;p:f fmd

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy chan*l-3av;yknbm l 0 nxg4ge?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the-hftd,qc+ g - kvfrg *g210lxn lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainableigcl njyye-/qy0 * px3x(j5e. assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metalfy4b yv7fmr/luh z 5*6's surface in the photoele7f 4m fbrhl zu*vyy65/ctric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depeco t 24qi8v6omvp )o7fnds on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam d j.xax10s o1tof violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting tdjoxx t0.11as he surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is ilkn) gvx3jd jarqh:5 m2ttn; 3)luminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensgajt3d3qtr 2nnjh5vm x)) k; :ity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scattti90 z2kzkl. 4ukn*eu ers the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scatteredtk k.uezu09lznk*2i4 X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident uposavnfy169lefwn r .p13a uc(9 n a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength 9(ulcrpw61ynsaffv9a1 3n . eof the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an ele68h:k iu hmq0ccc9y,yctron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequj32 *j8mq5tp j8ioozs ency of the X-rays scattered at that an js 2tpq88zm3jo jio*5gle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle w4qyu:+ubb b5(oi2f uicj dgec.27, hproduces the greatest chanu 2c.i f:b y+7bowu52(bi4jcueq hg,dge in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tuz17sibo r48,d 1b nzvpbe is doubled, the minimum wavelength o,od1v bi p b4z1snrz78f the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it iy4vrwdaypa b596c 9hvn3bq(l7xu(b)s possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is reb)cnaqx wrb5(uhayvv y79l4b(3p d69ferred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de B;q xqqf6o qe6,roglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerate8hl u m82w8wm(q l0dxuux* eb+d to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to h )po(qbno p20jave the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the sb02jppqn o (o)ame speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticef :bt-u9hi u sr:9zxv8d in everyday life is iu8trfv zx99:-hsbu: that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an elec: c(rk dkl)xke6em +a;j92hy stron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays thexvsc67 *g 5oze same role as the lenses do in an opt6z5og xvs7e c*ical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capablepe0qnn2dxqk w8co, 4 payg1 4/ of "photographing" individual atoma yo ecq4p/qnwd p,408xk1gn2s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular 9fivakt8ao,z )7r x8zgo0j91 k c jk1gmomentum of an electron around th1,rat j8g19ozk0kxi9)c 78fjgzk v oae nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to7tqr lxk9rq( j +)6miq one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent)v*6gh4y xb d ljbm6;y orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacju ) 2o*t-8zkp ohn )lzopzg09ent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corres 9tcpg .xp f68tvj./1 jpivja+ponding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of su8tpt/9pg p x6jj1 v+ajfv..cirface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object with tempera*kklev 7796-ju r9 zgh dqu-zcmegz5 5tuu zeekzrcj-7*qg7g9 9v mlhzuk- 5 56dre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is cam 1bgt ; gwlw0ueqdyq/+2zih:q i.0f3rried by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100k1,nm,w z5in mac1 nh2/ q.xcu,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation hn4,2ru1nag eefw89jx as energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagny;swj5h/ iwwuo)l,p) h/).go c(djtketic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having ul 98aa::h/c1 dpdvbj wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, ui*dyk+g g(ov a,sdw*8-l a7mqm0 ; vxa f;d/yis carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assulvy/t+ tnij + slpo*q5;.d7t yme that the lamp's li5tjv lnq.idl7ypo * /t+tsy; +ght is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work funyx38s+ q 4)sukmaze(tction of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the phox qmsu)t3y+z sk 8ea(4toelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is i2+i./wkv+ x4f exww85 slor mmncident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of tme .fmwox+x45 w/+lsrv i8wk2he photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potqz0da 4nb am1ui t b*rp *6.ui6pm9l3fential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What90dbt*fmr6zl im34pi a nuu*1 .a6qbp is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, t7(6hk rcp nryj(3mb q7he stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetb76 n7rhjr(y(kp q m3cic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with wp0 qk7j a6jwa.ern:c -u9v+iw ork function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potentji-7n+6 . 0 uvpajwrew 9ckq:aial is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the cdkgs0 0 zs tt58qw19hwavelength shiz0sws9k0 q8 5 1tthcgdft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The waveloofd ke+1 c) :(eq /zxe(eajz4ength shift is observed (e k1+cz/de oez)e o4j(af :qxto be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free el 4+tjhoy3w * 6pkd;br38crxw sg8ud.w-v9sufectrons at 130e. What is the kinetkg9u8wrd;xd-t. c*u3hbvrw j + sp 836fsy4woic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matterrb6p+zqlkg2-p o.r *n eut )r4mh.5 dx wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with al 6ouezrp.dk qn.h5- 2)4prxgr+ tm* b speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g movirxs8r j m-u mwg-xfpm+g2sg7jm(a0/-l p7l) vng with a speed of 30-0 r7g(xga7 vjlms sum )w mp -f-+8g/xrjml2p m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associagy:krld+ fh- e88aw+ gted with an electron moving wit ygfk+rade -gl+88:wh h a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 9 gtn :h5;e t0h u8)ls7s /svug771 ngmqkiljbV. What is its wa9 5hm;7:8n7)suij1s0ghb7l/eglvku q ng tt svelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is itsv4,rhlo z/, pr3h n-ny wavelv4 l3yz, on hr,h/nr-pength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by1n7flk8pn gw6**: 8jn vcsv tz a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum inn*k78pw8 lz*v cn:t1gs 6jnfv $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a64i jqkifgm-mow)p -0 potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic ene )0gi -6wpmfim4kj-q orgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg,4 pnw*8o s)/m zkdvqr has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its elsc)g.s 79jgcxdu epck)8r ine9 16w*nergy in eV? (This energy is not in the reig 9 u6kcsxl8 ec.wrscd*j 1gn7))p 9elativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 statjbx;: xai 5w)s,s ts(*zp7uhs)vae( fe to the nx) 7)v ;(atswfss*z5sjb : px,uh(iae = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of z o2akvd5x*8yio( i)s,8 j iurthe hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy8 d (ioyzv,)x8*ikaujo 5s2ir when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbsgr0h9bn)rmco-f1 r s.irtkj0 6 ;ptu( a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which statgr.ttcm9 (6rs; -nifp brouj0 r 1h0k)e will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the,qx :gxk6oxz )jj/ -3y z)k+kfo x:kyw neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of sin3ibv v:6kx0/ p,0mo siplc 1gjgly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogege4jx( /bae6ob w+5hcn atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hyu; 9 5yqzwdl,bdrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n9qwzd, ;ylb u5 = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energ6y. ;mo6tb(a; ri2erj x y0emgy difference between t;t yyoa gmer6e6b.m02r( xji;he two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about cmak gg ,zp psw83.+9ba single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the 9.mgzbk3 csgaw,8p p+ circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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