Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found in8lsn55l8) r vdz9ucbb side a CRT, the electrons are 859b5 ) drsn vlul8czbemitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal syst,1qm f/ z1zaunem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest 7w-9vyvobrb: temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to r4jjpu;a 3bsc;z*wk,frequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant us px(rw fh8w79ajf(. are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a u 5 dt/ofl,tz8i-zdy8value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle u0 4s(aguw q 30bzi8snthat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate sj s6 : vc.kgafeu07wl*ye(au0 tatement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depen/ r fy ,-.t2ddz8lhynmds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon iw u nfoh3 o9vkn/( ce8n7zs9a6s halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the loj *-a)gr+mmhn west energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable(m;+j emedp4 h+bwmku lc 4g96r0sf)afzly83 assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from 4k-g lvp(xz, ha metal's surface in the photoelv-l, z ghxp(k4ectric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron do 47jb k*,jktij z+ur)epends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the sal v/by-zw-x3e v0qxr5me power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hittinveqzrl0-3/x-5 v wxy bg the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is ilm);u p5vpk 2teluminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amoun)m5;e2vup p ktt of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that jg3bljhts :t1+ai k54scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scatt13khalib +t5tgj :s j4ered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wave: f4ohlft:i:lx vb 3j.length l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-raxbl:4j:fv lft 3.ho:iys, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered froe yraq90m/ zxw i3tf30srm,;l m7 n9svm an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the fre,t;2 rgzl: :ys li4xfcquency of the X-rltgf;2si:xc4, rlz: yays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experimex/ht*cx . tqed9rwbaa(51hb 2 nt, what scattering angle produces the greatest change ix52(b abwcht1e qa*/dh 9txr.n wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wa34w*d5zdqfur reh 2*r velength of u4 r5 rhw*32z *reqdfdthe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to interaokl);r+ksks3*n)et m ct with the matter in such a way that an elec t;3 kkm*s))olen rks+tron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wavelenggjz/p6cq0 ,ddicz-im, -dh /xth

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higherrljp 94oi +(jz speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they arf24clrtnv6q :0(y4elq z79vbxj2f nve moving with the same scx nl20 v7:lq 42vzj(y r9q46btfnev fpeed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in ejxstr8k 39p 5)szg b,h0z5j xwveryday life is thj sz5xj89 )3w kgrs5 zpt0hx,bat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microsc 134ndndzw,* tw kwl1xope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the9fx3 u14aqrxv jxf*;q lenses do in an optical microsco;39vxu* xf qxfa1q rj4pe is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "phoy r+iw32b8cjssd1v nrf- 8(i atographing" individual atoms-db8iw3nrfys+ji ar ( s2v81c?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the anv wr;+crx s ch:vi- 1y+n+oo:xgular momentum of an electron around +;owvrcx+ i1osry- :hnxcv :+the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n gve4 3rjv-v-co h)aj z, hz23)h7 rtmz= 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hbjku7566gc5 vjmvx/a/po qv5 ydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen ate3ht-a +spkq 7om

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the mo 5osq h;q.nt*p.w a4k hq1,xlpst intense light emitted by a giant s;*q4q.5hahqt pks lox1. p,wntar of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency o f/bk djp::1n bbv)q(vf the most intense radiation from an object with temperaturek bp1b: :nq(vjvbd)f/ $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photofw bmnqu(9;q, l *;i1 i7rrqpan with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frefxmh9bn c3+p +quency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has en82lj1sk bx lxfol, yx6;p v,6qergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has nq2 4othw 2 kenl/+rwcky40lfc4/be;an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light hat1 iv4x( rhfq.ieb5p/ving wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is cac*qbwazs: mq;d+ 0a t8rried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lam8snzbb r7 vrpxgm6+. 1p? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of 1 rs rm+8 bz7bvgn6.pxwavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy m- z3 cwpp0d(q29z)hkb3 sewo of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nmo)-qpdwmz zb23sch k90 wpe 3(.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350x1t5w by8u1a8j;kw rs.z;p/vd fj8ju nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of theb .s ;zywt 5v8j;1 1w uxf8p8kjjard/u photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfhke05gcwb - p3oe 0y(eace, the stopping pote5eowe(pbk00yhce 3-g ntial of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping m w6k)x4+m3lk; s; vgza6 pu(awuwmn9potential o+;69v3 awp wzkx(uu mmls;w4)kagm6n f the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal w0et /-qfrxsh;h vko(fh4 peu6u 1n:w 5ith work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potentfuxf65uhesot hhervq4 k;0 1:( /pn -wial is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering anglla*ueqo.8r/ x ov 5xw/e in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shift o.q5l/a*wou 8xe xr/v?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelel x))bi ozdr-pra, 7*+gnf aysf2.4g nngth shift is observed), z4lfpgxa 2+iany) -sr*bo7nd . frg to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scatterai43gt jyrgl+)8f t r 70gpg(oed by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy ofy8i rrogp(l34) t t7jg0agg f+ each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball ofde;kmj3 e( 7)8rvb vp1i+w xlb mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 m/s?e ;dvxvr1 lp mjw (3i7eb8+b)k

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wzqxx(+- ,wt 7hzmapm2avelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 ,x+pzqm h-zxw2ta m( 7m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wavezi87ehn dul-v ,icnz.1 g*6ee associated with an electron moving with a speednzlee6d7-8* vi,u1in hczg .e of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What i9wvu n0unl.w )5 wf1jms its wavelengtf 0lu19mwj ).wnuwnv 5h?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is acceleratj/ x7;v9zavmsr3eq53m b: me ted by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its waveleng trbv9 qmm;/sze mjxa35:7e 3vth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a poten 0sr jk+ir8eeo*4+kpd tial difference of 100 V. What is its momentumo+srdj0+pk er8ik e4* in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 yb +2c6t237ipqx:fu 6d wl-v9dl zmpp V. What is its kineti6 m:dwqllvbt6fi7+x cpuy32zpd 2-9 pc energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg w+cb 5e 1cho;dhas a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its ener6u;vv o7e6-2dfjp wkogy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativisti6ud2evwf poj-;6vo7 k c region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen aton k-+-mgmu( 3rhjfs) im makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. Whatmurs) mn f3h-i+k-(gj is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV.z-tbf.1lnplj --am / a What is the energy when it is in the n =n -af1ztp--al b.ljm/ 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To whle v,(fpuy )xht147ml jte9w/ich state will the xh 7pe4y1/twl)tm 9leufj ,(velectron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of6js-/3v z ytdujrmv:; the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization ene1ap:6yjk g w+dpo4- ljrgy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1i bnbp2 lko6-: to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. h 4tfn9 9)sv )itp.a4z8v iuka What is its energy in statstaz .t anh49fi8vu 4p9)vi)ke n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3gp:0rx81 gdj:qd pfe; nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser xd:1p;p dr g:q j8g0efaction?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit charact g d dt3 i 9lyqa.*-f7.vpp rryixp1,qz87qyr.erized by n = 4. How many of the electronqx9r zp,*3 fdg7qyy.7 i.tp- qr8liv1 pard y.'s de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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