Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons aamzt (08hmlpav5ju22 re emittmmp58 laj(a2vu 2zt0hed

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sys). o 8ie f0kdit;s)wk3ybm) dmtem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the viz,d 31j8uu ulcl mm.- ft;dm-ysible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photoqu5/r)oaa 0bjn gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant aileqmk68md 4/ t*st3rlug zc)65 emr+re

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valug1 gwx xnm9b2 s/hm1l 8ud*.iwe of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particl8u9h* n 1bhhgze that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statepkykq:xo)r 2 9ment?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends ok vine q;:,jk/n

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a phoqc zvt tez0(ny4ja/ k0/e-tndpe:q43 ton is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photr /7w w (kqu3y7eknso6ons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explai:jt;sa ic) h0/c4ssto 7 d-fcbnable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron frjqh 7zf;1z2d8d j1yao8r 9exrom a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, tjqjx 9z2ra hy871f z;o8dd1rehe photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron dz15v),xszaf*zsf:m a)rju4aepends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same power onf3 m /gkgq3vxin hb - :0:oy3p+axqnm- a xn-p nik qm:3gx3oy:3-b0+ghmvq/fa surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminat k91mr68gg0-vpca qugixt9, r ed with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejm-,1pr0 g9k aquct8 grvi6g 9xected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f vvy2qq86 lf n(zg kuyt(y( ,t.is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the freq,q ((8qngy2vvftly ( z6kyt. uuency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelengt7 i+z1wmc2(j ht baxv0h l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measu1mw (hxvajc+20bz i t7re the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an elefi6u y pa-ub70ctron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as .e8u,i9 7r cagex,glu) opszv48dj,f the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scatterj)gs, fd,i 8ee49.ugoa,xzp7 clvu 8red at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle 1+n* qiz-mjinproduces the greatest change in wavelengti1+ j n*iqnz-mh?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube iffrh;jy6pv-k9sn v 43s doubled, the minimum wavelength of tfk;y9hp4f sjrv6n 3 v-he X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it ; skraq0/ c7psis possible for it to interact with the matter ik /sqcsa70 rp;n such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster,jv2*ogtn c6/9ezv 6sj its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a hc 0+0bd 7ucgczp8txi. igher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest waveo ,5l3eu,:,dord x pzvle7* owlength if they are moving wx,pzo57,rudeo lo3 : d,w e*lvith the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavel)3y-q umlb9+t/3xazz d tc a8iike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday lx3y-lm8tc q)z ad9b /tiu 3a+zife is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope hl. *qyu4u0rl fsi*y (dave over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the lensm jmj ,o50 -y5uoy-7dqlolg/h es do in an optical microyo jm-/0 755oq-go,mlyh uljd scope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the followingvolxc d4z/nqsp,l)6wvo :8 6u)r (zix microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomd8o:,)s66( ro4cxilwupz/ xlznvv ) q s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momenn3r xk/lvo h p:7cw+7ztum of an electron around the nucleu/ c3wxn lvz7o:7+hpr ks

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4pxh)p:h w1p8md4z7 kc ego+/k to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radi6z3 wqz ar 3;ha( ix4znblcq-)i in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii i2ew8j s1t )(koc66jgy1ro zvmdgqq56 n a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most inewtoktm g (e ,wy85.6mtense light emitted by a giant gk8m ,5( woetmy .e6twstar of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation fr 5;2h xqh4 qk3ep(gedp 1tp vgqv3,r1jom an object with temperat31vexqp 43jedrqpg ;,(1gt2qp5h v kh ure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photonmyx 17m9pw* x(zz hhc+ with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon ul1r0vzf(bq(q b1(n cwith a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electrom pcn(j(18(sam ie*w lxagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of elgim8ediqalw+z(il ;7 j,h/5x ectromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light havin udb5.so q9w4sbq3n 3fg wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelengthwj.vw t//: r/py8pcge 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted o+q s4v t5gs;x, m*hhqby a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp'sovtxs g+5hqs ;,h4q*m light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy ofb;s 6wc4q ,h87peu8 htza.gwd the photoelectrons if the waveq8,h8e zcswb7;g6 .w p ha4tdulength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the k a 8buhz3vhl2r6 ja2*stopping potential of the phoh*6k2u 38zjra2v alhbtoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavele:st, yh 82dttbngth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelect dbt2,y8:ht tsrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metan sqr6 8z m2hap5d(dkud7 *ju*l surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic enerqk(2zu* 6ddar*5nd hu 8sp7jmgy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is inwd:n,:v b.olca u5a( ncident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-Vwna( u:. o:cnba5, lvd stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What iskecq3.m.ncdp r .33mw+kkmu2 the wavelength shkkc .dwm3e3c+3um.p r2.mqkn ift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavele4cjh30mh*; vlsq)zv hq (,q klngth shift is observed to hq;z(,v0hhj4* l 3qkmv qlcs)be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are s95nfzvm r :y 06h,*o levh3mup2pf( jycattered by free electrons at 130e. What is th(25 jvm*ul:pp3o nyz h vf9f0e, 6mhyre kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associ9rs1 vauomw. .6sz1 nhated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a h ruozsm9n s6. .awv11speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Brogli w*ix2-b wc9ree wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30c2r bw e9x-i*w m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron moving o+f cfhibf2ag81;w ir5s4o ,kwith+4 ff1ikwof2goa58;, hb is rc a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is acceleraa(g + :tdn8yfs xbb.gb;9/u) ttc; fmnted through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelengt b8;ax.t bm/sndygtf+9:gb)ucn t(; fh?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential diff 8/rdhjz)f8l ierence of 100 V. What is its wavel)zl 88 ijdr/fhength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is acceleraouzsa-e0 c u7rh2)doos (i7 0uted by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentumr0au7d h0s7io ()ozecu- uo2s in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated tvk843u n/cchby a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic enn8c vt /u43chkergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kgva r)oen2ivc z1yn9 *5 has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wav qvy om* ,w)l2mul lk-exi7q)-hj.bn 5elength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energyol )bqm miy*l.7 -khv5wuqn -ej ,2)xl is not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 sb)*z1gs9bf6 mobus :wtkcv +7tate to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the tb*1cz:s wk+ u)9f7 v bsg6ombemitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen af m:2egj tn;o yl5(tb)tom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy whenb:lot(negt 2 f;5ym)j it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. Trc-h4gwe2l0usa* 7 sb o which state will t2bhgcl-7e* urs4w0 sa he electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrouob.e;e8eprss.a3 ( n gen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of jfbho,k nypr; /9;*whsingly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition froc9:dl.al .2j *p zdnrsm state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What i;*up8ipiu7tz s w1 zr(s its energy in state n =u i7(;p*zrp wz1uits8 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What zxg ,azp 53o )vc23gsg1a/jsq is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser )zgv,c5oxz 3aspq2/gjsa1 3 g action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in at0bz ;eamwf 2lw +h5hy44 *kpan orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Brogz45wh 42; f lkw*abp+ma ey0htlie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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