Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, thexl,7ojia-.s jd/a c- p,j o/dzw +xg(x electrons are ea+jl pj i7dx/ oxx.wgda/o-(j ,-s, czmitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system thao-pe(*d2xrzdi ,:v22m y zw 4vfxjr;:qj4kcjt

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated wit4ip 8 +p rjht;g;.siath the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequenf;z4 1xv4h ;qn(4hvv6l9m +soa ksrqpcy for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant are i+;u rx)-d)jcqu xfc.)w5vfu

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a3um6n.xeh*iagvl* / r value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle tlo6/qzi/ tm- 7g lemj;hat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following2eawdd3 ;vd:qvu 3i yv.8- ecx is an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends gwcxw 22x/ e0gon

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy changeqthg -9) j*y tsi3dqr(d qnn18?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest gzd;wen5tz );energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explais+:mqd(mbin;c- lw*pnable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surfk k3l 3x81ktm )xpgy4face in the photoelectric effect, the pxk mx1fptg8k3y3) 4 lkhoton's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the followingf 6fqbm59llakcb8gkar k j 8(ql:r *.,?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of vigjey2:(be0 hye* s67 -qpq xjzolet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of py7e6:j-0jqe g p(*yxzseh2 bqhotons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminatege* gz1-:pm e7vdq6i rd with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light iv-piqr1: *zg6d7egems increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequenc im77e/5o0h7nbuf bimbi32f r y f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we 7ui/mimh2bbnf3ori07 ef b 57will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatterscc0-7cy-kfe+4w yid r the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, w7r f+k 4-0wyeydcci c-e will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase je5*71orce juin its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, a3ngtqzvf,)r v ib rcu)c. d5+:s the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at that acv i .u,bg+n3r)t d5vr:zq) cfngle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering 3a rxtz)tf58cexperiment, what scattering angle produces the greatest change in wavelet3 xfz5)t arc8ngth?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage i 1z uxjs 2uxw:zg-z89jt0agw fq:,3mzcz(7 ybn an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of t 9zzuxw,2zwm0 z3j1 fxyj:cu:bz qs( 8ag-7tghe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to interact with th2i gl fto2,c3ie matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produce 2c,lotf g2i3id; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wave6vz2 ff ti:-ogy3:pvsjy.pv;length

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decre6igci.fpix2) ng* u i3ase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the followings *+sb wnu9r1m would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same spe*wn1rb 9 +umssed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving basebal u5fse ,en -x-e6a*brll is not noticed in everyday life is thaturleefb ,*5n--ae6sx

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an ele c(fxi wmdd:z:*l +a7l /*kuwkctron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electrojh:mlmf(h58to2;: i 3qri4wxsnn,e k n microscope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical m:3: oqx ir(n4 wshf;jniml hm5,et28kicroscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "1iowavb- 4yxm7u0 +fb photographing" individual atomoyfu-v ax07mb+w4b 1is?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of 0x; nn d)aw2yp e8+p,igszn+ hthe atom, the angular momentum of an electron around tn2 ;g)h n0d8+,y iwzpn+pasxehe nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbits *3dzyvxy ;f8 where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent c +ibo.azr-;v orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference quz+9x 0 cjr(m67 pvqrbetween adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most ;zx q*c+udh9,4ksfc kintense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperature 50zk kf uh4scd;9q,c +x*00 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of gqlu*; 069ft sbf4xk rthe most intense radiation from an object with temperaturbku sl4xft f g*;q09r6e $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photoz9ad9tnca : 7:ou)g6pco f2pi n with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a ph5s vo 6p2p do(pckq7e7oton with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation ha5wptxoi4dgz 8fe -7 u3 (o2puls energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy (vnq-eu 4 ;, d6lnmq zp(.yrqzof 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength :)m ;gya 6lmi0s6iodd640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of 5 cjne3g*8sm 0kf9ax awavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp?v: 0fw54+oa -yyxwz hb (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic anzvx-y+0bf wwa:4 h 5oyd of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 48)g .w8 h q1lwuf za,pujh*-qe.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelewl 8.p,qg *qafhjwe)h81uu-z ngth of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfacg1s pa4j0y2wx e, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work s1a0j42yxp wg function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is i1qca bwt0/4 agbr;gb5- i.wesncident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold eb4qi;wg wg0bt aa1sr.b/c-5frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potslrjekv:h- : ;z k-)sq8sxd f*ential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kx-skv8)jhz lk:*f -erdss; q:inetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light issg9 5py66 in 5wqim7hv 3rof c0vgok3; incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make 5 s0v;37kogp635rmqon ivfwc 9yi6 h gthe photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering anglcat+ckxx )ch,s1at 6/e in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shi1ca) at6 t+xc,xkc/hsft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm jb/ltv( t*v. 2t1uhdzare scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is ob( *td.tl huv/z2vb1tjserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free elect vs5lbc6 prg*2rons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy ov*62gcl5 ps rbf each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated wi wamn 3wbb-abj0*,tl ;th a ball of mass 0.50 kg mbl amjtb-*;w,an3b w0 oving with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a spe2 denh u7 topoy:660zht)k .a61msxhsed of 0:xzm os.2ap)kntdt7oh u eh66y1 6hs30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of h6rv8z. fsy3.h,av:h jl5 kkfb*mrs:the matter wave associated with an electron moving with a speed ofar:vf.yzb*ms8hrh.s :kfh v5 ,k6 3jl $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential )(w8;ygzq tpydifference of 150 V. What is itsyz )(q8;ypwg t wavelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its w xo mb98v/p,pcv;hibrk zk6lp/3 pt087h4z lx avel3plzxpl7/bir 9 84h pmpo6;,8ch 0k kz vtvxb/ength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potle8ixfs8pd.l euxoq s:mf-h 2 qc,/;/ential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum f,/l.h o l dp/ cm fxx-:s82;uieqesq8in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100,foyfs8vy0 wbuibh 9;vtv+85 V. What is its kinetic energhv,9 w;su05fv8y8obft ivb y+y?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavemkucrs4 ,hr u 21r36hrlength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its:pcn6s/nc,v fyte: u-a hx;v8 energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relfh:,uvn y/ n ex ;-avcst6p8:cativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom d)lc2/u g 5aq6g0nn homakes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitte0al2 / 6)ng 5duqngohcd photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its v n,ctgen: k/ l5jlq07ra;hr j2zr 8)mground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n = 5 stlr2/,aj 7 n)t0mrk5vz jl;: hgne qcr8ate?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state abs a+n2i x3- vjh;9ssgu/licgg0oe +ee3vtwx7 7 orbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state willjx2i vg0c /3ih-sae wgse+g93lnv;xe7+u t7o the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atom?:co3 cl )frrw+

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization eneru)bk k7t s 5(7ifj2la xfgyqaxq- 9a:1gy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from st+j a5x i u)kwwsk6;6nzate n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is itszmuc;;( ehpa8nd;d z b8j .)zy energy in state;pd da8m)n zhjzb;zyc. eu;(8 n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694+ w, 6kjjenz6t xfd5w( 0wnw8f.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser awf6k6 +xzdn(0e8 wjn5tw,w jfction?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton p 5y/1 mv.fsvfin an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit sm fy5p1vv/. finto the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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