Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerwzip5bhf kk e93p.jry.x);rj t. (w /yating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emit5w9(/fk.wr tjrk)zihxyb ;p.e.jy3pted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal x;qx,4 8*cpyrrcbb tu8)qwb / system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated wi ,9pexy ms0hpfjw);g) th the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given ph5s d6n(g 4flrp5 ;yetgoton gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI unitsia: a2k8i0gwq of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has aagp(pr j*6 a06za/dlz value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thatc+4qbfah ,sev0 2v5 6fdctyi.

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate stateme8 - aan0reo5yl f;cbp)nt?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon dasp8f4dt z6j /epends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halve tu90/v02:n x+(mr hskhsjxhkd, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest esw+52gmsb2-r g3q wac nergy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is expfl 8l 5nm;sug,lainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surf 5z yrlkuf/6,face in the photoelectric effec, 5 z6y/lkfrfut, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the phrugoark fnh+4,o8 h0mhv t+5qv:45ud33c ep lotoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violep ahwc7/z/x 2vt light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which be2p/c7hwxa / zvam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blwejw9 io(93i cue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each 9w(ecw i oij93with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency 6 g,xerpcb v jw f*keoy08,k3-f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-ra8kr,* -63ek yb ,pxgovcf0wjeys, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scattekg*r7 (jbq0f 2p6 tf6iz-xg vcrs the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of z fqibk(*rfx p26ggv jt6c70-the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be nd fcrc:/6lk1 an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattz g:joa q./)tsering angle increases, the frequency of the X-:tsgoj.z )a q/rays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering nx vmn 6r*y*j32hx qz3angle produces the greatest cha 3m nvj26zr*3ynqhxx*nge in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube 4iy.j04wbkvi is doubled, the minimum wavelength of theiyi 44b w.kvj0 X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is p4 ih)jlh zo5k:ossible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this j)iz:5k ho4hl interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fasd;tuq:-z, 3wky ;mx dtter, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a x x) mxw7jwpi ;qv,56hdecrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if7(l/ p6 bkpwc 5fsq3ge they are m7q cgb(l5pf3ke6 wp/soving with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike naku)2(+ kae-7;pvf0m f sgobb lture of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life ise(l-m f 70bsbfg ku+ p2k;a)vo that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an elyp;k4/r9 x 4mhv:.ed mr j9ow5;o udcwectron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron micy 71tish(yq 4croscope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optica147htqysy i(cl microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atom+ )h,atvpa/-5e akmhpt2vzej92a 7 ikseaj-a9kpm +,i/e) 7aapk2 h52 vvtzht?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum c 4mxpo)*avz+ joe +6y;laj9cof an electron arouno czyea p*9+l ax;jo 6v4jmc+)d the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit wcln ou 2*2hvkko:x- h5here n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen a*:+nnizpk o-uite h;, tom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in k; jtvztlq7.cs,on,/ +p 3eyi a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding pxv9s7w x/4o3+czg jr 9ya;i gto the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperatursxj4i9 ;oxg a 3+py/cvr9g w7ze 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiatirxy*-7jg ap8c on from an object with temperature7 j-*pyxgc ra8 $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with oo-al zlu1hbckf mb95 e32gu 8;2m+qufrequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a fre.-ehj+3ae0 qal u8cbyquency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electroq(2y /y joe6 ehhal y+/wlw0 oij-7q.xmagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 me erf*-6sba-y uV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wa+ .h5*0a 9lj,reu2f nd vfeszwvelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of waveleii9 ew.8-kixjj qic4t3, m*rnngth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-gzvyn*c 7y((bqe)-u u W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lampu nybqz*- u(g7ec)( yv's light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A metal has a work function 6n8 u t2laxkd2w,wpl fx.s+3y of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if ut2lw xy.x3np f2 l,sw+a dk86the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a met w1 .ltw:bbg7zrdo-tt;zi2t)al surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is trb ow2g-) l tzzt;di:.ttb1w7he work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppins9v( ag g4b7gn*j(tezg potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. W s7ent*(v9bgg(4a zgj hat is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal 3 1yzplzuc3 e6l2x2 )f 0oghvssurface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maze 6g223p y3coxlv01 lf)hs uzximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with workx3c*;tc hi1w cepx /zzln0r 5;s)f+dv function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-p)hvld tsw0+xx*cfzire c; /3z 5n1;c V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering o,fw;j euci2 1zpfzhti b.z02 d*g)8o is 90e. What is the wavelength shif j ,z2d)cihw* f8e oot2zg;b1z0iuf.pt?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scatteredtp7q*k c j3 d/v0ehhnbr87c ;x by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed nbh0p7vqck/xct3r ;e j h*7d8to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free e j.c:ual(lv/pp +vf,glectrons at 130e. What is tlv uj +:pl.,gf/va(cp he kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matterw. 2wy+o5yazvxysml1: j4, bl wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving wy 24+ylaw,ym5bv 1ozxjlw:. sith a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a balevu3 8yv/ey 2i 7*kwtal of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/sky 2*tiawv8 3e/7vyeu?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of thcm-m9p fuey vbu )6d12nah(qo8p 1:hue matter wave associated with an electron moving with d89foqnbmuc)p61 2a1puhyehu( :-vm a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential differen0 ur a3q,/jliz/v**p,rh vrgy ce of 150 V. What is its wavele q,v**uj ,zr3v/iyarh/ pg rl0ngth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potepf4yyjmg4355jx ) rruntial difference of 100 V. What is its wavelengthgf ry x5jumpy)5r 3j44?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is acceleratex v:ezycp 7n21d)vw 4ed by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentudvznx1v e:) p24ywc7em in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 1dy,+myt 97qjg 00 V. What is its kinetic egj yqm9,t dy7+nergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a l glw4xa+:tlo;w j(sf9 a (0pacn( 1azwavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is itsk21wz; mzwt/y energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativisty/w tz2mz;1 wkic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n :y0v3v9 vadka = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emi3kavayd9 v 0v:tted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atomdn 2y pgbc4ghrfv)0akn0;s+ 9 in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n =dk492nb 00agyvfcr ;g +)pnsh 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the xtzp cp3m zj sb,y::i9rx/g+:xe1 k 4xground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a tra/1:3ixgp:b x yjxctz exmk+,z49s :prnsition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of t65mqgf f2g t 7d8krq8bhe neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ioniz 8ceq)i0n i a8ya1y2yaed helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition dbh t .l03w8e7b8u kpcfrom state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 ef f q51cjlu5 /rf0i:ihV. What is its energy in state n = /5 :h5 fi 0jqclui1ffr2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruj5s( sg)sw ipcg+)za,by laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two,pg )cawj s)s+i(gsz5 energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n wyfk9 9*ypg/a= 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference ofy9pf*9k/ayg w this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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