Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a Cpmz sfxc:;;9dRT, the electrons are e:;dz9ms; cpx fmitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal systec t4jy.npcg bkizqn9y3 h;).1m that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated nfrg5 l1et-d.with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon g/z1f;ii1dn bk ives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck'sz4neaqu jr0. o( fub-8 constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a va vlngwq-:2 jq/l,km-r lue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thhh9; om9x:xz4ij 0x0u tpg3fxat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following4h:.ekjw gniyx* 1a)ra8 1xal is an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon dep mc4. vfkf-n(nends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is oromd.k) ca a -bvske57 +m.+ib5vvu6halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest6khy, -xc d2nkj).y na energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable a6v smz)nf;y r6 w(jo p67t0bcgssuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a2v+ yuv+z:fxb+ .mm2 xg34 d 1gnyv7cptjwnz1 metal's surface in the photoelectri1y2w 2gjgz vx 3nn:+u1vm tx4p d.cvzb +7ymf+c effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of wzlhw-238/ svo ulfd*the photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam1;oreeyb 1 :lm of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which l;e obm e11r:ybeam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminate7;or+kb qhkov,tk0,dne92. sa.psh kd with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increaskvq,e.7p.nkktrb shks+o2 ,aod h ;09ed, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a stwf :b 0vc.to+y-c4qeubstance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the free4co tv: -.byw+0ctf qquency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a 8: b0s zd*unwosubstance that scatters the beam in various di8zsd:b0 woun *rections. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an incvgoze z.8v/h/rease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increas8nhrz:db0 zh,.cb 9ev o4os 4 12udbznes, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at s0 9z:ndez4,v c.b ndo428hbzur1obh that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the grea2 97bh2)ktl7-bb*y wcp uj rrk4akm *ytest change in wavelu-*wrhb42 bclmk92) *ytjr7 ka k 7bypength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an 3s58 n(sd o-xv0x((xhgr2 9 wwhfuoxaX-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of th(8 nad3ssxu2o0gxf r (5o-9 h hwvwx(xe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through mnnb2g -uloi48i5odm+ atter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interac dbmn -gn852iu+ilo4o tion is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels b: 3lu1woednx * +t7euq0wfo:faster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated tna.:.bvbblp,p36sd e2 j()ts m: tkrko a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest )4umr,n alt 8+:y umgswavelength if they are moving with the same )tu us:,lrg 4mya8 +nmspeed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving bafi2c(vf23e2qvmunts*; w jw(gufl x1 03pxv2seball is not noticed in everyday life sgwt 2m2; (pi3*exf j 0wvunuf(vlcf q231v2xis that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over f4ir y/1rr9 xua light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role 2k2x k3 f6vpk(7 :tui/lwg8ukm6jv esas the lenses do in an optical micr6tlmvk 8jkgf6/ipu32e 2x7sw k kuv( :oscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is ogcptcda p9can(h)yvu pku/3 /46h/*capable of "photographing" individual atoms?h)4a / u/gu6t adnp9y/pcp cokhv 3c*(

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the ato6jmt + qu/2fx waimaw,5rd7w; m, the angular momentum of an electron arouirqjwu2m6fx 7w,/m ta dw 5;+and the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from a 9a9hioq* c4 bcsj7y2m n3u2den orbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adja jk:balp4/,k hcent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogenm)wk; ;sf :tyq atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the mostzc jjce531b5ap5x1a n intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperatur 5aeapxz5 1cn15cb 3jje 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiationgi8tse4 t1q 6+k4 dej5ocw2tf from an object with temperatur dsit168 t4cjqgek5f oew+2 t4e $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photl/hluh70gkb ;ycmc12c uoy51on with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photr((4hfor2qu4j g nux+on with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagneticejwsrexyt743e )/g f: radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has a*j0cfufof)::mb(fy1tkeg53i i( o t kn energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 nm?j-yei a;0v m.6+esib1sjz+dgsdc) * dq 9/vjp

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a 9 wl( (ykwh+*yo- dmxfphoton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons 4gp;ozmmp :j9)qsp x e+o8iq ,emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavelm jippqg p4q:e,mo;sx8z )+ 9oength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. F 2xzg:nbcbi 82 ;kffi7ilx6;rind the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons x i rx 876 lc2fii2gk:fnzb;;bif the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident x36j 2hoa ql+rb5j,kzon a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is t253ha, orqxj k+jbz6l he work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal su-)zws eh3* mgb7lnvn (rface, the stopping potentb*z m7 nwelg h3-()vsnial of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 ns4)s -0 avtz4a phfe4jm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the ah4 vzp) s-4jef4 a0stmaximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incideno8qyz75al m u;t on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, 5ql o8zya7 ;muwhat is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scatter:dm.(:gfzelqgrz4d w-w m+; hing is 90e. What is the wavelength shihzqzl-+( w4r.:wdfd g g:mem; ft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm arj hybc 0vb 1yzy.(;;ive scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is .j zy y0hi;(byv v;b1cobserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelengthyp3eu4r*-dy x 8ecp9v of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil electry r39veyp4cpu8-x *edon?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associattr fj.6- g8efoed with a ball of mass 0.50 kg morg tej-f6o 8.fving with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with m 3iih--2ezwsa speed of 30-eh zwm23- iis m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron moving wi6qyit7:g+n rwth a speedqiw6y7:r+ tgn of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potential diffehg1 06qwby5hxooo 4mkv0*m 9xrence of 150 V. What is its wavelenm9 *qbkoy6x 04xov 1hogmw05hgth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 o1vnsitry2w;099ct h l-wvv2 V. What is its wavelen9 tsihcv; y 01wv29lnr2-owvtgth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100o v92bj:vcw7y4p-sfo V. What is its momentum ip2yv-w4j o: o b7scv9fn $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated bi,/dipkna tp3rn zz 5r-oo/m)5+vgrf(92 g cfy a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic enerfir p 3grmz din5,c/k+(toa/vn2-gr9) o 5f zpgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a oj5 q wdpw-st6*)hu q;6su5nl wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in e f:z kcu52lpw e-0mkcj :)b:+azzzf)jV? (This energy is not in the relativistic region.)zla2fz 5jf)bpmc:ck) z kj +- ezu::w0

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom ) p5ju dn:otk8 8j;izwmakes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What oin;jkz) w8tj d:8p5u is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 z3xx8id(0b*b; l.el. flkj tm holhk4/n8sq 5eV. What is the energy when q* eh l0bfni sl xx8o; 4k8zmt/jlb.h(k.35l dit is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of ener9i,g xq6(sopngy 12.09 eV. To which state will6,qgp9o i xs(n the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of thehs0t/( h:6 qybl,fsiqhj/, ul neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ioni6/x + r685jkwscieko ezed helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

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In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, th3 fybn.x pi (:3ooa1(kqvu2mhe hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom ir96cm6mhe;qip;+ iies 5tm0 bs -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state9m6b cte phir0+i6;qie5m; sm n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What n j72cm-qkc (nis the energy difference between the two nm c2-j7q cnk(energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4.e9;vfw1bdbjrrv w i *, jn25n+ How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fi+w 2je,jw;9vr1bvb n in*fr d5t into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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