Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the fzh a,ewth,, (electrons are eh,haw ,,(tz efmitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sys(5.wwvu. fw6v5pwqhu. qrk2 vtem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperatu8 oi258bq mlrmre?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy toj k1tgl1 t/0ea frequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constantl1jlr m9; ew2+o)ihnp are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has 1isn6)(yni nga value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thbg-8/dpaekkl *xv + )dje.0hpat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statementma;phy jp:ybvw-m 70 2l s3m9x?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photonefxeho 0-3kqhk g-q/d*qr*jbdr x 28. depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halvex8ry ah /nq/z. tr(1nhd, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the x 1kn( qutm5g3lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is exp**tn8 y f0kgbu4 6qwpw4sr 0g10yddq: pen z;dlainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron 2vxrl6 7boq(d from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effeldqv 67(2brox ct, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which b41q*jxt*,l+n ;mjg1x k drmrof the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of viol bkcjeyj1, 6bs3j49j s3xz2kii 4t y;net light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second ts j3exc ikzn j9bt1ji4k4yb,;j 36y2she greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejectvho;yo5r0n jx4; i e/nm,nzb:ed at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If themzhn0rn/e;5xy 4;o nojv, :ib intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance trxo6mei- tr7h lv 5;d,hat scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequem6 xvord;5tlr, hei-7ncy of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scattrioz8 q.ue+a8x ajalqzpw (w;3 -p18kers the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelel8uo8wjepw .x1qiaq az p3 ar+;(- 8zkngth of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be fxcj 6q rh ge9mspy6,2,wl4w :h*j4ndan increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle incxeis:np57 g0) gr8lo sg 8)offreases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered ) ffp5g8o:l)0og ngx78esrisat that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle pc84g zk 05an.tm(au3udyi2svroduces the greatest change in wai tkg0z23yv un8 5s 4ama.cd(uvelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the yfle;sh73 uv2c 6apc3 minimum wavelength ohplv3a 6c ;3usy27ec ff the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, :pb zr/- lvmgysnhe4v,,(0 qzit is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is refg/qs ehn0v(:yzmp ,lvrz b-,4erred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travelspq da10t(nb.u vuk(y 9*pm iiv/vl9f: faster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated co:sk*2oys/)s pl zk:to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallestg93oj ve-;chk a)1aa9kl zpd: wavelength if they are moving with 9dg vjk ao3plez a:cak;1)h-9 the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday my .zhrga (je b8*9vn7i9c 8mrlife is ym .br r9v*ag7i 8jh98ncezm (that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a lu,t tg:tsby9sde9l0eyn)4) / *eva beight microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays lfg 5 .rlxj4*ithe same role as the lenses do in an optical microsco4*5frx jll .gipe is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscop+k-p c:ud /mvkes is capable of "photographing" individual atoms k/ p+dkvm:c-u?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular m lpfq *2,:mpetwht0mh4hpx91omentum of an electron arouht :*e4m,p l19pq0f2xpwmhh tnd the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where yl3jjn 76ubu +n = 2

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35#

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The distance between a-.v/nxca vicca b42fd e/3u6bdjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy differencekr 9c m891n),dhk;rj)mgy 2jnojg q*m between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense 38kc,kz .i5mnxxm e3llight emitted by a giant star of surface temperature 5000 Km m5i3 x ,8el3n.kckxz?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object ow 0 .k93zvqntzwy: a2with temperatuaqk9nz z03:.yo 2w twvre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon wi1wotdy(hiql * - s8olhh1l,t( th frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon wi )1gu;qy *vmqyth a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagne7l 6jnz k7fnppk5vj92tic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation he j9r utggd6k,gkqymc. 1/s) 6as an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red lightl5ed3y swx )t/ having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelength 66i n4jqso:+;o, cdr)z e0 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that ,1,rio3udn c hm1; apmthe lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavaonu ,dic;1 31hmprm,elength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function ofdpm(bx60 r vzhh +c8r1 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the whp(hcxrb0r68vd 1+m zavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal ep0 k;5 rj a3(+lqoj1dnemjt1surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrra3l0+k5m11 etjeoq; p (jdnj ons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potxo f -0dktj*.6l9 pcyfential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. Whaf9d cfy6p-.ol0 txjk*t is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping p0ur(ksdy b-w .kzl.e.o 8y0lhs ;wg9notential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the elk-ozy;degk s.. (rw.8wsl hu 9ynlb0 0ectron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with workd 1lzy01 w9rocb3fxwn8 8kb nxx:,p7u function 2.50 eVb 073x,1bw fkx8 nw:ou1rn89ylxzpdc . If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What isn1xnf4x2z6vm the wavelength sh4 fm1 xx6znvn2ift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered byrh;l47 ger(p k a metal. The wavelength shift is observed tlrh4 r7k; (epgo be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength or,te 47rnqw+b)z wk5 sf 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic enq ,r 7ts+4erwz)5nbwk ergy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of thebnmb au .f20r3 matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a spee. m30rbn2 buafd of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200jm0l5di h/f s7 g moving with a speed of 30 mjdf0 hi75l/s m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with ab(:/ bgy (lkk8p1 ukcmn electron moving with a speebml:8k ( 1bc/yp( gkukd of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is acceler1ax -0. stf n;(og,vn-dd yvqsated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelengtnyaxvsq.f-(1;,-nvo s gt0ddh?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potewlnwd9z7 f3f , hehq:beus86 sw(5i m3ntial difference of 100 V. What is its waveleng d3,(6wf u9h5zwhq3 e7fm8ewi: snlsb th?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Whqs-uuh(nx o -3at is its momentu3(xos- u qhu-nm in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelt )v za3j)xg-herated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic j z)xh3va-g)t energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelenmob59m5bbpf 792u jxk;b -rdsgth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its 0g x2m-5 go vqkwu*kpo88ts8u energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relatu5v2 pukxmw8to8o 8qs-g *k 0givistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atomo4f2wvj3 f 7wqu7;i xw makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wawoxwqf 3w7 2;7f jv4uivelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrkutsf i (/w69bogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the nuib wt k(69fs/ = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs asoex91 03 qc:.vdc bjm photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the m1:0s.xovbc 9j3d qecelectron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atohx kiy,m4v -+pm?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionized helf38bk oand ) zp-so ydh624+egium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2ggwl7bi.f+1 wgqp zyu32p5/u, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 es0 enhu9m8vz7V. What is its energy inhv7 09 usnmez8 state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference . +*w;a az vhpjs-*kawbetween the two enez akp*;-+sw v.aw *jhargy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about:fk6-) btl-x yhjg/l l a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How manyj x-h ykfl:gtl)lb-6/ of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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