Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electkg2hzx w83 s)trons are emittk w tgs)32hx8zed

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal syst k(;:vs n4x3mmf7t 0iciuys*fw8 t+deem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum isn ,,k q9b-jxenz4g( a.b yxw zb c*pysh38;0ej associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to rv n38i:h ;crv*gxa.9ud k:mpfrequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI unitsw 9j+hgrycs/s03v3pq ntk*x 3 of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valik;jg.oyl 4 n(ue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle.z4jqy, y +(yv8 qmbbh that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is a;e0cs8g y n lon53yr/bn accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depen15q 0 3ai uzqr/v-:)usjjtemz ds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what fac1f-( oisrh m6ntor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the low6iais2ed qq04 +qe(sqest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect isld +0hg(u0q .phfm-: qyiu h9z explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron f6ajl43x*7a :b vcarm nrom a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, t *m7aj36aaxr vn:4blche photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy oc(m4nmqcp k2tol7 )kf95 c6m mf the photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same power on r-ze9lrm z04nu1: xh da surface. For whi zxhn4: mrdlr z9ue0-1ch beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejekbj oa*+mg 1,jvg)1wa cted at a given rate each with a certain amount of en kgja, m1a*b)gv jw+1oergy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters2:- sz,hs wuzj:w7 :z ag;3iw1x;sf1vjgxp pc the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequewsh s-,sw;7:p uc1ix1:x z:z 3 agzgpjj; wvf2ncy of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upo3,qow 3s y jhoo2m4b)vn a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavm3wo vhq4 y3,bo soj2)elength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an :jxc lq 04znz.xb0dt( increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scatteri p- i7p1ffbimmc cm(9v3+8 daxes-i 3dng angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays s8 bp3(cfdid-+ sm3p71micv-mx e ia9fcattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angl f)pd(p b2bg*1)sagahe produces the greatest change in wavpfpb* ))a1 d2hga(bg selength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tugk5sb* pm7+3tl5ryq zp p )zo)be is doubled, the minimum wavelength of th57* +z5pqy3 op sl)g)pmzrtkbe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to intera, (8b*g8ri qlxnlapw4bc a4(kct with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positrolp 88l ,wba((banic4g* krq4xn are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Br wd/+tb38v2md x0qyle5 o:gi toglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a db z/lzbkor2 bn6,* +ptnvmt3 0ecrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have t+ b)7 ;ww n;l(4rkjwcidry0ab: umm (bhe smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same:(br+wryc7b;bd4mk nj lm)aw0i;wu( speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving base z * voyk;8h 2ox:n2a1)necvvjball is not noticed in everyday life iy82co)az2n v*1xnohkje vv;:s that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope hi4:qn/ el)5ub yq zpij rm35k,ave over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the lenses do ini; d*x,omp 4xn an optical micr ox*,ndmp;x4ioscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopesucdkwr+. 0ec 3ej+)sy is capable of "photographing" individual atomsr ec0k y)s+3 cdwu.+ej?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electroz )+*d/iyfj; kdee h)hn around the nucle/)i*h hd e yejk+fz;)dus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where d2o+nmbd(d4d 79onfzwxosv dd :0-ky7 bc+n 1n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hh(wn ,wy3bowe2.wt:z ydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adj(zamp5vl) h 6*wsr4zj acent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intry(d d:5 0w7o vhwigb)ense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperah d5iwb oy7)vd0r :(gwture 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation fromxn* x 5jve ygr24/xm5w an object with temperatu /er5* vx n4jxxm52wgyre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frerg*b d903yetp wu7oa (quency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 96:2 iplgohg:fjs/sr GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of elek9f2im cv7p(nctromagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnet a3pi4 qw/og5+cdqid*ic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640mqqg pi j23ps;j1)t i8 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carrigkdyzygl 3j63r5 x:) qed by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor7sd 2 qycfqe59 lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatdqe yqc52s 79fic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximu/nfcq*jo r 0)cg8rrf i-3 qjj;m kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavecqcqgojfr/rn0;j3 -i 8 *frj )length of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident onb *r,.iuewkba hm- ;5ciqt 1f( a metal surface, the stopping potential .b c mf, qh*t(1br;k5i-i waueof the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nqw/)q cml5h d-2sm.apm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photmqq2a)hc5s/d-ml. p woelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface h,5;c mngh1b)p (95glrixlrbga)p./h t/elo , the stopping potential of the photo 9; x/h.acplh g)er,g51bm)(l brp i tnh/lg5oelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is in kz1*e mk3oomg4 5z (:gue9kvfcident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is re4k1 k:3gkvegfeo*9 (5 ozm mzuquired to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scatterinj0b4p* ct0 l cn3zp0tug is 90e. What is the wavelength shifttzbt*0 n4 plp0cc3j u0?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shiw2kd4gu.6 is*yd.v 8q2y hf ,slq kd6ift is observe d2y 6s4q ygqdivl 2i.wus .*,kdfk86hd to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered,rraqilsp+* rars.tcyf .r(a 429qc 0 by free electrons at 130e. What is thaps*.rry9r,+4s qtarrl a. (f0qc 2ice kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of 3 x9yc kda2vpixikf+2i 3j5s(the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving wikiv idf+x 3x9cpsji5y2 (k3a2th a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a lw rfe7kpt m1-n.j3g;speed of 30 m/e wkn-.1gt j7f 3m;prls?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matterrm 9ir.1dncp+r4mpqiiwx-+ 6 wave associated with an electron moving with a spee4nxq6+ir.m-+c iprwdpimr 91 d of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What iss)-ub:p e0, pfru eoe1 its waveleng)1,sepr : -ob0 eepufuth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of wo;x0 vzm,: jk100 V. What is its wavelengjwmk zox0:v; ,th?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Whbkui:2wt6 z-s at is its momei2s-b6:z kutwntum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential,r4a: v9nqqua difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic ener9 n,v4:aur aqqgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg up u. q8w-p z)ekw+a wj4/gms+has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.12 .nqu (k7r :u/*dmyggo3 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is gy qnm/(: o*u7ru. gdknot in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to thsayu)i3g ,cx gm jpr 4gsl8/23e n = 2 state. What is the wavelml)gisxc/3 2rsyu83 g ,gpj4aength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its grof/j w(htew raq bg m4aexu4754g:(sv.und state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the nxh.wbftr45j(qa /e44ev7u wsa :gm g( = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in thaaj *oi4r*bp* )rlgu) e ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a tr u*a*oa)4 brlpir)j g*ansition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization esp u/wsh/-5p inergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singlylf8 w)pw*-u)y vxk6ga ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 6*y0av, i a1 h(impfg9k-0 hp7/ x fnpm+aozykto state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen ato mt)-e (r k11f( wge svuwu3;nyx6o:edm is -13.58 eV. What is its energ nmywv;u)6f11t:r k(xdgwu 3eeo -s(ey in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 69k)k+ 0 kql; 38 rh/lw9 lkqws6ewvtg1y4.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy statey+swe/ql0;6r llwkhkkkw 1v8)tg93 q s involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a singlepi8v n. 8tzsb- proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electrot bs8p8zvn i-.n's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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