Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons + wnoomfu7: h/are emi/unmo7+fho :wtted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system tvdvy * :a22pokhat

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest t:: ycoxnt*p) zemperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequq l;gnb+kr+dv18ffy0ency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's consta tino2 j3k.o :uup210tqjh5e 6h2sy p z-zbqe1nt are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has am(du9ifndod qkbik )un+11)- value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle than*bldc7 f4*dc* ymo v,)t*pdvt

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following o*w5so+wsm* f0 fd6k jis an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon eyo.,j7jxo y,ut5t m9 depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energpyi .m1 chan55y change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of lightz o ghjc:4 +u1y-f +eat3plh5(xampr 4 has the lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assuq :ewlh+b.jof74myu 6ming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an elech;a/f5 gytmb8 tron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, the phbh fgmayt8; /5oton's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the fde j3e;dlq ee 63 zcmaw,/8l6lollowing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same power on a m m,jh5f p*b26 ed8enqlo 1.krsurfac,bpmj5 .rd n6ml *foeq2 h1k8ee. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected7wq./,vf go v1l3m tfy at a given rate each with a certain amount of ener.3 vv m71fyqof ,/twlggy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that sca/n7 )s6w, bzixwce .nttters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will finw/nc t) ei b67nw.szx,d

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavel3u6/wvx; b8,x nkgzvl6vp0ed ength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of lgn86uwxe/ 0 vk,dz;v pb6v3xthe scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there wi r4vg.f7lym. xll be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering ang-angny5r ;w -mle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at thn;mng-ayr5- w at angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produllkkd+ :mv - rl;)f7ruces the greatest change dmrl fvur)kl:+l7 ;k-in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tu;r ;kzxdd3wqy,xv(so/ s1 /qx be is doubled, the minimum wavelength ofv3;wrxs/ ozdqs 1dxqk,(yx; / the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes througf2+7-h te vuu3wacb4l h matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this intera-acub42ewfv+t3h u7l ction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wavele6 atrk0b qafa ,- g2ozb-x27rerd04wrngth

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a 6-enef xnc 5w)b +lq;frst3i+higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the foll u174c y3v v1r dut3;4hsesbevowing would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same 4tuby dhsv7r3s; 1c3v1ve4euspeed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not ocm0yd+r./cej 6 xe( + wr(8giyc)nfqnoticed in everyday life iscy)x +r(jce8/ co 0nmgi wqe(+ry6d f. that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron rq)na /8 dj-;b (wjt2s.ryn-r sx,ivomicroscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the sam0wex6- dgp6j( x;cqfxxbbf , 6e role as the lenses do in an optical microsc66xd;bxx , f0 bfc 6(ejwxqg-pope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographa qdz 4vk; i4 +p)nrndd8v:.vbing" individual atombdp44;) .iz:kv rndq +a vndv8s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular ma a e:h:/hvq6homentum of an electron around the nucle h:6haevh :a/qus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to ghen6p)-,v econe where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between k05ay zbomnd d*ho;)7adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a9- ut1 n2w s(m/ocatyl hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emittejzt2zvg )lj 69d by a giant star of surface temperatu)2ztlgj6 9vjz re 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from -ak;iq pg -rt(an object with temperatur(t pg--qi ;krae $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with fre/yyz1;zd:h5 uqz( dyequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a8jzmo41yy v vr( 9h9ef.zpdg5 frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radi: 2jjbave+ 9hgation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiati 2. mkwqcyx2yusw9(1 wn2gk,bon has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red jgsyvdkg7yn.b l21rzmc(85irslc3 u 0a 6.)t light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelen.nc05m9qje p zcji 52xgth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emit:dfgrdg 5- y-mted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromaticfr-m d5g :gdy- and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic ec6qzv .-1bzb2 1od jsknergy of the photoelectrons if the 6bkvcz1 s.z-1d2objq wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 35 zr/ bx/:zfchy2ci4n9u 8 tzm80 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping pot xf4cz8/uibnzy8: c t9/z2mrh ential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is i5nf liev2g8aqzzb- :h,3j do3ncident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threl zb-58 n3o:gq2z3, eidhfjav shold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident:j2t c -,kj. rqhm +lwp y3unx:(zgz6t on a metal surface, the stopping potential of thgm-uk t 3z.y+6,2j:(r tnzc wxpqljh :e photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surfayxr zyx05eux0;e7h1 oce of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photxy 007uyoehz1xr; 5e xocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is o4q.rp4jb5 )n/ yf-ytie jp 9l90e. What is the wavelength shipqfp4t.er9ji-)b n j 5y/yol4ft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a mqg:zw5r xif 8ac 8hrpn06i 21vetal. The wavelength shift is obchg 0r wvq2inx61f:5 88 parizserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 ny /zh*y o +c6b.og/jfgm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?fhbzyc g/ o 6y*oj./g+

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 k :aub 08u t,kslyd92nvg moving with a speed of ,vl:8tkya sd n29bu0u 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wm5rmyz +gls.*qw+tc /c pv2h9u4bq( havelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/.4 cb 5gq9*mszhpw+ylvr/mqh2c t+u(s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electroh 2gexc9ww 6n/*hj) lrn moving with a spewgwje l9crx h/62 *n)hed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerat p cfyxhqmy*8b9(m6,qed through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its byfxq,(y6q9*m 8h cm pwavelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a poten oyj ,f+lz3xo5tial difference of 100 V. What is its wavel5+yljo,3 xzfo ength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference ojty l6r. +lih7f 100 V. What is its momentum inil7try6h+j l. $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by b(2 vgxa*fyc ;a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetib(ax cy*2f vg;c energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg hash.)hr t) t,bxiv:yp(vg . ad(t a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in 7dwd *)fg9l rz vjg,5hvzk (n*eV? (This energy is not in the rl5dz * v(hgk)w97jdn, zvrfg*elativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n =kbvag(r f(b2n/pn n y9c2 e.l3 5 state to the n = 2 stat2b/ k(cg f le2ran9nb.v( yp3ne. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is - z3m6 ryyyr.9e13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in thr z.93rm6 eyyye n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 s)6v1z ycxw7heV. To which state will the electron make a transitioz71 xwvys6 ch)n?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization env/v d/ee +x45vczr0gl(,yx beergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionilotf tpe60n 46 fu0tt.zed helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition*w//*i t4,gs(dy ysxajn mxh/ from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the e*a j,6meoab oxejc)622 c6h iunergy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n c c e)66o,*h6i2 2aubex ajmjo= 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby la5* 1s8qquinkxk0l l9e ser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy 9i 1qk08lnue5lqx s *kstates involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit ciidh5,7;l 6nvdk -)zo c vmmc/haracterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the cirk i;5)zmv, /ml-cd6oi nd7hv ccumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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