Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the eq3k *f;t /bpjolectrons are p3ko*t fbqj /;emitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal syts9n) uzpn h6 jae2*ch7vk1r6stem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with thij)h+mjj .7yo e lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a giv6btewn1:t9p awui5- r en photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's j tc(lj* oc(6hrna+.f0(4eilj4 bvknconstant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a /u8e;+)mgefdzjpu.ki 9 8 akh value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particwa)+6b,v hzh 4d1dufcle that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate sk1/iwe:;bgxr 85x hostatement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon dep6z; 7cm;aa h8, bgrtqwends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what faol:bhg b iex( ll+3bh9/1t.vnctor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photons?a 8jq, vvt2fdit6/iw y; ;b(uy

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assumib4 5h/vj( i+ g ,kolv1okooq9jng

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoemz by3i(c :+xqlectric effec+ 3m:qbzxicy( t, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the f5 lvg9cz z7a(qollowing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each dk9 4h3j8(cy/mecp qft eliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of pho y p(83qjkc4 th9m/ceftons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electr h 6*; qor-zy02gnmogmons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are q-o;nmo06zgr2gym*h ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident up. q6 ri9cmz-li8c*4qt3dbijm* ckxu/ on a substance that scatters the beam in variousudbici qcm6*z mki4xq3rl jc-9t8/ *. directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters thewv)-3jih bjm ; beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will f) h ibvwjjm3-;ind

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered+t ot3t0axsy, f s:jwzw /7n3f from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scatteri65/ bhyzlzywey1 ; ;owng angle increases, the frequency of the Xyyezyhowb; z 165; /wl-rays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what srj x7/7v5y1 psneas* qcattering angle produces the greatest change in wavelv/7ray7pjs * 5xqen1 sength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubledaihz; fcqc+ zo,442 3hdjosr +, the minimum wavelength of the X- 44o;och+dr +3,q jfszzai2c hrays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is posp5v;)j j7 y jezr0zat4sible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produ;jj0vea7yr )t jzz4 5pced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglikmv wpcq6f e/dd-p46.e wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease innn0,i:)pcwfw v9c i:z its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would t szh6 -poauwz+(e6 .ukend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same speee. ow6asuhz up-( k6z+d?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in e(wg )p6l o atpz:qy-.gwtiy;(veryday life -potgpiw y6la ;t.wy:(zg (q) is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have overt *vx w /ulhq0igu7-a*9d e7t;kaw-sy a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope thaug8dao8*zgmw8w-r4 l t plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microscope mgd 88*l8 -rzoua4 wwgis

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" individum(-c7;yr htsu qaz( rn vz:69aal atoms t- :yrzr n;sq6hvca7z(u 9a(m?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electroiin8ea.: ljw9 ,(k4f uqib a9hne4tm /n around (q:n 4n e b,je.fihuliw84mik 99t/aathe nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one whe-bm3 srg8vujy ckw 8 7* 9haagf;oezx04p0og:re n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent o xr5u9k.9o.sgpjk)x erbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen k*77m9a ek bz6w 5tiu-zqr9d oatom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the mb8q2vvz(b n qs8/ jj6gost intense light emitted by a giant star obgvs(86j2jzqn 8 bvq /f surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency .;jy2elrrd ,+9m pyb0licso *of the most intense radiation from an object with temperaturecp b ory0rsdlymi*2. +jl9 ,;e $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequenc3 h;a ))ksiuoyev3sp2y 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a phot 5qfcehz3i (g6i4hekrfkemx 3kx/;75on with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagn yx-+h6fjxj*xkny7c + etic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagneuzin 9lv/pl+0tic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640pr,5 np*zptw9 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joule g)e8+6 ty,/hvn t.(a kfm(*p4r1espcyk hvabs, is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? c4:k7 j 8rtyxl (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic andl8:k c t47xjry of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Fih( qst4. xn46hl/iaq154 t4nqv qk2pz ilec8knd the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavehcsin4 1 n465 tetq.kh4 k8qaqzxi/q(ll 2 4pvlength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incidexupi:bu: . 5ecnt on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work f: u5i. xbp:cueunction of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal suk cfmngqm)+1 vt ;sz2)rface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.ft2 mzks+)1 )mc qvng;500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the st)sdbpm a4 6u8tq:p1in1 8vjxropping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.5b8s61p ajq) r8:t n1 vui4pxmd00 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metax/sq* fgi5gr,h lfz3 4l with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of lighf/,hf *zigl5r43s g qxt?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Comptqdl9j j+csm1 ,on's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength slqm,1 cd+ 9sjjhift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavel 5;tia*490cowi y okczength shift is obse*ccwkziyo 9a; t0oi 45rved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are m ls/u6gflq6:scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the king6 mslu6 :fql/etic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter l0 z+frd/w-doc+6sd)u 2 lu ckwave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg mooluu/+ ) c0rd6w2d-+ds flck zving with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball l1*y: yp knm;nof mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30ynl :;py *n1mk m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with mtbx3o i 8 e2su62/sd gesx1m2an electron moving with a speed of xg esm ssu22i6d1b/o 8xm2et3$2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential differencl d mv5o*+gi,we of 150 V. What is its wavelength*v ,dlmog+wi5?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a p tqzxt/*blf) +otential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelx+/)tz* qb lftength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. ,l q 7jfih )68y9jrf2bzrim v*What is its momenf9r z b ,f8j *rjm7iil2hyq6v)tum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a poten0i mqm/v)nt;qon d) l(p/g f3jtial difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic energy? q)o 0pin()j/mndtfv gl/qm;3

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelengt 5wy+a r,+j)xgrvix ,eh of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eVe 5smyypb, ,f:? (This energy is not ep5 fy,sb y,:min the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 stayb(iz- p-n (occyos0neq:-s o)60ck ste to the n = 2 state. What io(c:n cc y ys--o0soq (0)-6pknsebizs the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground sty)cta(+qvz.l c+l hx7 ate is -13.6 eV. What is the energy z l7c+v). atc+qx hyl(when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground stateo 3 ,n98fed s/(rpvztr5,fjcb absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state wil98z ofpn3 t dfe jv5cr,/,rbs(l the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of th2 0cp4ecvu1g85uyphge neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization c 1you7y6t2mxenergy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from *x4 u5*wf8apooh/ sglh,; 0bwns puz/ state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 jzu p)e kt7r*keo50 s)*toe)a eV. What is its energy in7)z))k *troe eseopkja u* 0t5 state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference betw/ fi:r- voqv.crb+)wi een the two energy states involved rrv/-iqwoi+)bcv: f .in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving abmu:uvxn )te:+out a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of t ):mvut:e xn+uhis orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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