Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons ae v9r vq0ehp13re emi ee3v91rv0qhp tted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal systefnj,lo/ v8 qt2m that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowestoqi t9 rudq958d0d )su temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given ofl wuml xv1/r9+ +uu*photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units eu 8l 5q6+ggjmp wzp1y50z* fdof Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valu5havjm4/o) a rqnjq7-e of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle m9-up)w;r vsnu)yjm3that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statemak1u*;zr mq;b4zx1w-u fo) ix6sv3s went?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depenj vy0au .:83wqpcp d/kds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what1w6ic )bh0v yy factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy phokt9 w8i vpef.qosv9 xs)- ggg :p5oq6:tons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainace3sen 44m,kkn.lw 6(j h6wfxr 3gh5m+rx j0wble assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to ejecte,qk49pds 8 0 xtbs7rq an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, tq,8tps9 7 qr40x kbsdehe photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of t3r.qjuuxz(m0i;t az 6 he following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the sp sq,eox :q/d0ame power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greates qoxdp/:es0 q,t?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are +6j5hk tb:cdkejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of enc5tdkbk+j6: h ergy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is inc3pa zr pa38-2 d3dp0tvwyb7jeident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various di3 ye7zjta pv2d dw-ppab833 r0rections. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l isz io)*eam xk,h.3m; 9cjdq+ud incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If m;.d)hj* +c duio m39axe,kqz we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scatteredbq5c6k;twmy i)bo/q3o-;nr wy7wis ; from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency a. y m:v*ks vlsty66k9of the X-rays scattels6 a96yt*vvky sm:k.red at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the wxue5 el;-*4zzvi( sh greatest changelz(*-4 ez5; sw hixuve in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltagezvq llnn)7 s3) in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the Xq lv)ns )73nlz-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes tu:;+ftgr+aop e4;6ikrh inlumh56 2shrough matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electronf so m2+ ;n6 rk56ptrue ;4hil:+hugia and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglieti8t-* f, tbha t);6 hepxhvw+ wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speejqinpo q5q od;(h +-;kd, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would2/k6,yf rmnb:+ yvp z3fxhke( tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are mkpfhr(f,ye3b : /v6m zyn2+kxoving with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a at0 ;fh3jg2 ddmoving baseball is not noticed in everyday li2hf 0 3jadtgd;fe is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light k.1tp1vf*vap0sp ;x*px6 qt01pvj8 /phhnrv microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the lenses dol:p:qp.t 4zw4 7-xqa.e jcxoh in an opti. 7pt:jpl q wx4qao:h4.-zxeccal microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atom6ob9m)u+m i vos? 9+ovm )mou6ib

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular mom 63 fcz654qlnnpoy/e,ck aov; entum of an electron around th yc/, p64z;nvqak ln3of6o c5ee nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where u7n trl(n d. 9mn(n,zceq-*tkzl);el n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrohlj8,o 4pkc6 qgen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit pycyak+cu 5 il9vv- f1j13x,wltk g0; radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emittednlg g6s .z*u4cfg :sm2 by a giant star of surface temperature 5*smgzfu g.s 4n 2cg6l:000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation fromqyev 1pnjzg:/j1gv 3zj g5e-+ an object with temperatu/: ejq1v1 jzv gz-eg3n+p 5jygre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carriedv w05 ie8.- hreid1bzt by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a freqmie ri*+4py jy6 c0m7luency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has ener25p(pq sdxz7:)hifrm up, s *jgy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electrpw,k9p(pcyl g6ix 3 uj/epc-bcv-j i+ mp,8b 0omagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon en4 y tgtvtq8 ej0m42a5eergy of red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joules, is carried by a phot ab ij seyfv/9po62)d+on of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume it* t(y-sbk +xthat the lamp's light is monochroma(b*y txi ts-+ktic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy k3z11svn-qsi2+ i nbtcc 9lz4of the photoelectrons if the w niksci cn1v3 szq12b -+lt4z9avelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, th,s( 6m1,vzltc8s9kei )pqx+w c6mv rle stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work funk sl 6c9tv18i)6mmxrpe(+wcql,z, vsction of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a mew ;jux :6nsmwle4 3g9ir)m dy/tal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectron4m9l:sm) u/xwy6gird w nj3e; s is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, ucbn e a:4,;6syl:5nugonz5hthe stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy ;a cs: onnh,b g5yu:n6 zue4l5of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal -3xdspp 0p)wqakwi w1xh 09l -with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength oipw-xsa 0)qp hl1wd- wk p03x9f light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle inq7nf+ x/i x*0jwmeq tt 1/c:phm5y, kh Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shift?ehmj0qf,i cpw*tmxx1 q/n 5t+ :hky 7/

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The waveesw/+3by++zqr:z5ykdx7h pu k 0 ;flhlength shift is +sk xlw:hbqz z 0r3dyph u/5+7ye;f+ kobserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons a.lt w/w)dbgrja nn/+8t 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoi wdnr)+agnjw.l8 t//b l electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball ofaq +gdmupf6suh , z55) mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 256s 5hdf +guq),u ma5pz m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 20*+rx w*zv5:2aka v ht*r:p rma0 g moving with a speed of 30 :h+apwvm:kz*xva 2r t5*ra* rm/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave 1mw6f ydegse7x:bq /:zj k7-bassociated with an electron moving with a spee d6e x :m/bb7q :7gwkj1z-efsyd of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated thref* 83 8jei)vudx7ory 1 su7meough a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wivo8)fu d s*re3e177mj8 xye uavelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a g7acu*xxk +-d potential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelengthg-d*kucx+ 7a x?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerattaw56.uzus k2 ed by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum in uw6tk2usza5. $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is3: ,5eybhutgu its kinetic y3 uu,e5h gbt:energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength of 3bx :zt+)bueg./ 5-wiue7fmi 73d)wmviwl xf$4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.12q6tzu4 fj 1.va3 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is nota1ft6jv u.z4 q in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen/f,v hxv: fw.n atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wav/v w,.nvhf:x felength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -1* tyote7:v vy d)/hic 8/6ppsg3.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in t*hte 7pvpi6t)ov:/ s 8gcyd/ yhe n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 1(tce:q ef8z v42.09 eV. To which state will the electq(ez:f4vc8e tron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energys zrf(i 3(xx,p9nv0lwpy5g : t of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionide0aed) ii3hdao 89o 9zed helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom muuz4z:aty6)vdvs 7-(efqng2b/ z cd+ lst

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energrn )q:tv3d1s0i .:ctnh;yku kbyy z28 y in state n = 2? 3h1z )cyvktbs.0y :ru8t:dnyk2nq i;

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy differen8tm ho+-6ortvx5t +o i cty:m.ce between the two energy stattoh: o6+.itmr om+5y8t-vxctes involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a sinyt v)6r18q)j,cjer.m :y hxe kgle proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the )rc ,ety: 8mkr.q 1)yjhexv6j circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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