Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside ,r u dze5ipur-:-vnor:-, x3nvsgj d9 a CRT, the electrons are emi9vd3-usn p: r,jr oxvndegi ,-5 ruz-:tted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ide4 e:di djboa*aoi 4fr6(;ccj3al system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperatur trl4bxv+k ,3hla a,x 0*emi1pe?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a :kyjzwld*o9.i7;zqsm5 rry f; y4*jc given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Plancm2,dzkorj jo;nm8m2nu:r.3 v k's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has fq)wag1g +fc3 a value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particl0 gqy( yl0f+:(ajly dx.*aa yre that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following m9w( 26it2+kyl7vih4msoi h3j pa4 a tis an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon d2mwjri3g)v 9ld . :fvsqo) g.bepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, bydfjaonq uq)37 q5. jy: what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy pb+fc4xuy)rfsqr8a* / hotons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect yd/5k4rc8;y1 u ttfku;mld1,8vj yal+cf;nj is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to ej5p i*xeyz0spb-zxx*3s q kt+c*q7br ; ect an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, tk3 5trbb + x*qeix7cpp-*z q;xs *zs0yhe photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectrotpv887t td6 y7a 5js a+boc77 kx ;zb0lbdiw;tn depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each delivew nmf* z*,sr(yr the same power on a surface. For which be w *,rsfnz(*myam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a:mt ju(2 f*hfa given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons aruja2t( f:mhf*e ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scattersrqj dr(m +g6i :6 agiww6qw52eweli8/ the beam in various directions. 5 radwe w6wiiqmg e/i q6l6gw+2(8:rj If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance thazc- b5gn+nq.avsck /3t scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the -3nscabk /5c q z+v.ngwavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron 8 7 ) d2 obnhvfbpjar:vtcg/hmm2,a59vlm(,s, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increazy je0 ix47sy4o:vd c:ses, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at that 04x j::ociy4 z yvesd7angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experifu+w scq3d *ax:vzx4 f+2.fm l)ev c8pment, what scattering angle produces the greatest change in w+asmu8z*l: f4.)cw dvx v+efc 32qxpfavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray t9qut9-z4ze4x b ,najiw4+ pguube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the4bqwg+e j-ntu94,4a zx zuip 9 X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through mattermj3/ 4 ;n4fw4j teqnxxitm-f6, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produce3 ; etfj6n4iqm-44xj x/n wtmfd; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wa(sf v1ui*7qlt idz 4,uvelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there *9 xim phy,id(is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following ov;q7 kq78q5 ,jaqcmfwould tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are movingj 7,mvqfk8qao; 7q5qc with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noti nll/z/ 3wyrpil9-k l)ced in everyday life isrlzll -9w)n/3kply i / that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an elec 5idwkzlcq 6wcf6a* 3l8)s6kg tron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the saj)h9 /k ifam: 8t)epssnfc: 5mme role as the lenses do in an optica8n /tp9ce)s jsh immaf:fk:) 5l microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes ib zq)fx .t*.xis capable of "photographing" individual atom).. *qtixbfx zs?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, twzcc6l27t: hbhe angular momentum of an electron arounb6lw:t2 c7z chd the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to on/drb3 q hqb3v:+xjkx uw/ 35gle where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent:my75 abt yw6ol 9; ,f9d9woy)ybqw nt orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit rad v9bjpup7e33a ii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emitted by oh.ye::+w/ dcs:xxiea giant /ewhi:e x.xc:dosy:+star of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation fys9c 9s;1bagg rom an object with temperatur9yc gs;b19g ase $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by ay7q:ptcs6p89kqj be *m:p3e b photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequencys d ,t9;mcfu7e of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has en xkegdew3h/z5r2h-r )ergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy 3:n7gr bn2cgz of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energyjopc pt,7av 22 of red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelen:tociyz )9rc/ tt(jz. yz myz,z. a8/ggth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume snf.x(n .e+j) ohe8ep that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wenh)jex 8s (e. npof.+avelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. ta9bu la5j(,i+ ltqd* Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wi bj9l+* 5da (qaut,ltavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppi,5(dxt* l poqang pot(5 d*oxqp t,alential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 35ux iblp/7dv4ze -o//g0 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. W/ z/ d- opu4xbliegv7/hat is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of waveleng6(jekudr e -icn7.g9 xth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What 9(euij-ngd6x. 7cr k eis the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with work funct ; bae8fozc-(bion 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required fc;e bb8az(-oto make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e.+xm ulyew3lg 9t.7.pk3jep03r9/ejg vfy (qo What is the wavelength shift./eo339( mq vyj+9pu 0lj.e kgpwfte3 x7lgyr?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0tz+hx)q tm dl90bm67 zv)q(xz.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is observ6qxv (zl qtt)+zb)0xm9zm h7ded to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e,;r:,yi (cf ar nkr3b dtwmr93. What is the kiki wyrac ,tr3d;r 9:rnm3b,(fnetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 rr de(4(9qafn kg moving wrq4 9((aendrfith a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelengtim/ncq zkg25 1h of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 35/z cqmkgn 2i10 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with iigw*2qz ::0rltocw 2 :fe/tian electron moving with a z0fgw/:c:il *qto:2i2 etirw speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What3yqxs od/**eb is its waveleng*/ds3q*ey xboth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V.- 1z,.z rwqusm What is its wavelez1ur w.z ,qsm-ngth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 1i;zrn.ur e, v)00 V. What is its momentum ,)zvr iu; n.erin $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kine/px j f 99br gwubvip6(t5a29ttic e rwpbbtufv6pag5( i9xj/92t9 nergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wvhe,*ses9y+ zu cn by9q4:,xnavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its / ttm:dpaiwkq)5:g9wj bybc4;qhh / +energy in eV? (This energy is not in theqah ;t kgdb:wb4j/c/t)yp5i :w9hm+ q relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen a eole( swj2,fv,dul 0(tom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the w( fe2e(,l0 u dsowl,vjavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its: kdotx7 c;l*f ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n = 5 stt:xf*ckl7d ;oate?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state m;0sq.f 3jvpg absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron q3g; v0s.fjmpmake a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energytj01l k2an, vea0rr. u of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionized helium?8av)m5 h g.icf,j1+ sgc bdoq,

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state c0wgbug 6-se0bp p;q6 n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hhpk -cg ) 6 namg9hd8.s b*ov:pk/k*saydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n =:8.vo) abhp/9pc snh* dmkk6s*ka-gg 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference bet93t3) sao w85t wq wn1ss*kjlp,oxd,y ween the two energy states involved in las1*t txj)3ao nww9qs5sy3 ow,spkl,8der action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a singqf(ki+4q v8ykaj2. rv le proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of thiskq2kyjfv8 v +ar4i(q. orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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