Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, th w*zjuc7nx;+jf ,sz*le electrons are emit u cl*jzz,f;jwx+*n7s ted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an idealmk fba k1k0 t5vf1a(8y system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spe 4dddp.v(q:4(judr tcgn + 9qqctrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency fo*n 05w89(g*cbecqi vp wiv0v tr a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constantfe:o/xmj 9 mfwl:r3i6 q0n bk1 are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valu/.mcoa:y3e:ce l ro+saw m;1 ke of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thatbb;vxz: )bs/n

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurag cj-n9r ,spq0qxaq m0x(s 0o+kd /i5wte statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon d j)nl29owwn rh0j7k+z*rl6e lepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a p a1cybvs b+*s2d 6n-zkhoton is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lco5rc( f- *qglowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect isf q g(0 5kto:t9lxelpvd0k)7a explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon tozkrll0:ivj(r+wwo +h/o 8l *4uimr5q eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectric eu8m5klw/ roiizwo : r*+4j0l(vr+ lhqffect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the9 stppa/+)u0s7ayxji photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of viuzo ,)f+w wi9t;7dpbv olet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting t 7ofww9bvt, pi;+uz) dhe surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue lighyb82k.x.ac06 mptw gex/ )fpdt and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejxap.cfp.d )2k xb 0e/ytg86wmected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of fruznq2+ **bfd j cvtm96equency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scatterefq 2mbuv *z*n 9tjcd+6d X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incid6v2- khxd1.c tq 4uudhent upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measur6hc1 4x-ukqudt h. vd2e the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will am ,r(i/9+n ;hjxcfodgey*9 c be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scatteringismj(;h0aewr t ud02(b. ( lav angle increases, the frequency of the X-rtw0hdar((s(v 0i. 2ej lambu;ays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scatter4 aojpx 4pam86ing angle produces the greatest change in waveleomxj448aa6 pp ngth?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelengtzb)1 n we:tf 7q-:gjxthb) g-1zf:n x7:ttweqj of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matterrn8 jbp7d 1:ly:l)zshlhc;f2, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interact7z; 8)fld h1 hjbn:ylsl2p:cr ion is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, itd7em q .v bcit(j6.cz(s de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to1 i(yr9(no9;ap zrxbv a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the follo ,5n w2kh/wfyuwing would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the sameyuf ,5hn/2kww speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of b+gfdknc l f:f8mx v99q6rd7: a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is that96 :qf9fnbfvkdmg 8l:x +dr7 c

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an elect+g1 5dhylq4 d fn7)xazron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron mic)uw o0 a ; kt ldyk+7v d*vtkkq/9xf,ltz46;tsroscope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical mic s zvtx/ytdtk kkl)ufot0wq79 k4v*,;6;l+ adroscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopek pnw r2)n) qy)nr)9q:rkkn )ks is capable of "photographing" individual atomskqn np)q:) rrkk)9n r)wky )2n?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angularb +xd3+bqec(n momentum of an electron around the nuclb+3xndc (q+beeus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit wheri r-h b:4 mswneh/3w5ze n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbitj1vr4kj ox-+ u radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom2cd2sswdje ux 1y+6898mf ga6/vowy brf x +4r

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intenaaxjl 6sjlolf:5h ysh q427.. se light emitted by a giant star of surface temperl2sx47af.y l solhq.6 5ajh j:ature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiatimum z+ 2rcthe gj5nhl00(q d83on from an object with temperature hn lu g8hdz5j+2qm(0m e3rtc0$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with fra,i0npin6fl 1e-k3w )z 03zmmn fy/xzequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a freqvl ,n ya4i.f8v0ir.uv uency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of elecpmko6 p+5)prl tromagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation hagtre(9xyw:6jq h +db,bz8/7v6g o l tis an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light halbt2hbg. k-no,j;2 xf ving wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, s-r 3 loum+z8j+ r5 4kq2budqdis carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons em u6i7ujpv0*s abi5v p-itted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wa7v*jvi u 0 6-5absiuppvelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 ega0nh.x 1: zqkV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 :1h .knq ga0zxnm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfjfylw1 .jp)j(n5tuh t*: sm p1ace, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work fun )jt(n mpthjs5l*p.y1:f j1wuction of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopp.f)9 y zf/nu zbj0o6pxing potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What xfu bjny9)pzf 06z./o is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 n u7zghq o +50-xkc,rnlm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping pot0lzr+7hq,nx5gu k- coential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incqs xol ) la +nw7ynu4jp)ai78rl;n79tident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping po n9lo7 ly7nt4aql) jpxa+; 8s 7iunw)rtential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is th labio+:+ cy.3 o uawcb(el54de wavelength shlwd(5aa43+. yi +obbu:col ceift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. Thedq,o l ,k;qjuxm*7dq0 wavelength shift is observ,moqjxqk*ld7 0,ud q ;ed to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 3pmry. 0gexraj+n on//q8 na2130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil electrjm. ax ea g2po8q//n+y 3nrrn0on?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.3 ygv9ks; i1(/xrijv o50 kg moving with a speed of 25og(/v i39s ;ryj1ikx v m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie waveinj(.f ;q.zcvlength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/s?fiz(v nj.c; q.

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron moving wi flau-e .oc./m6s/2k)xrabw xqh/f* yth *h.)x.e fu 2/ywx-/kqro6abm/ fsac la speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential differenceim/ o f58iat 7qkz*x7w of 150 V. What is its wav/tik7 q*z8 7mwi5ofa xelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential -hgc z9l* /59anyrwmr difference of 100 V. What is its wavelengtaz l g*m-/9r9whnr y5ch?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. flgz/z,a7ajat5 z9o,(d* ox k What is its momentum 5ato,( g o,a zad9fxk/zl*7jzin $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated6ly s01qb;mbqyp pf-2 by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kineticb6sy0q-yfp 2p1 bm;lq energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelengjf,zk 7fut3e3th of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What iiwkb p9 lf7rfm49l6wp p(qy 0.s its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic region fb6ykl.i9r9pp(07qlp wwf 4m.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition yt 5vdqe3 b/*eixz65yfrom the n = 5 state to the n = 2ve qe5dy*/5tx3by6zi state. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in iyz5)j bwv2:anhjgyj 6c +kn tj2;kxn 75q6o x9ts ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the 2k5x ajqy yn76;vojh n +b:jnz gxwt95 6)j2ckenergy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV4ra z00du(qxbsl1c-m . To which state wia-l0qd1szmux c4r b(0ll the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atog,prm ne- )m .mz0r /3le1fzqum?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of syo:xt2-l *eq( 86)hunrrnpaohvd i5( ingly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transitionhssc5i83 a6ekeajt h0u fl5a4o7z d(.8 zlw:m from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the ener y xe 3wfyzwrk.mbwp56u8;) 0qmv0he1 gy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n = 2?31w8wwyb z f6upkm m.yee)h5xq00 r; v

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 6l7jukea * ws(+94.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in lekju7(w+ sal*aser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton zlr5 lfla39evsh 93i1in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Brogeszl9r 35 l hiv913fallie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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