Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT,+ : upgxhvis*p73eoa;ka58wi the electrons are emitted i7 h viu3kp awo;+a58e*p:xsg

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system t ls0,j1 d t+5 e9k5of(edfdcsl;m4sz chat

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?;:r 5.am wdmeaquf 5q.b,)zvy

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to fra3*i/d cq6r yq i8fk*yequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant arkc5 .g.p mct,z f5w68ou-v:uh,ilapxe

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a varda3 g3v--5unp gcq*n lue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thax pi)p/ mdh7e911;; bp ogfwast

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statement3nk, ey;*cvn m?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photka6)4 8zq xsxgon depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy chx8 : tpv6z i:2ebyo9grange?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light hntw/gl8 xut3-b gl/ t8as the lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effdn7 vrw o9aky/-kw5 +a8dqb6gect is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surfacer k/j0 bgw:pe+ in the photoelect:w0gkr+jpbe / ric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the phm1 sd3kzgz*u* otoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam ) 9+bhl5.cyemducsc ,of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second t5cc,e c b d)lsyhm9u.+he greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illugo k.j i)q yshq:8c.q0minated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are eyh..sq8g qi):q0 jcokjected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substan txi m kfx0gqc* (7g3)gnprb)7ce that scatters the beam in* t(b)k xcgmxqgfrp 370i 7g)n various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l i1mp*qokul+n* s6 b yv)s incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the waqs*y6) 1* opukmnlvb +velength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered c9) ogsdpj1e/from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency ol6d(pvc-q k x 8gb2ujj0gnj;/ f the X-/-jdl ;b(gq8g602 juknxvcjp rays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering ayr*.5mkoklo u 8 s*v+sngle produces the greatest change in wavelength8km5 *oos kr+uvysl .*?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the mx47r se*xaj2 df 6zr-qbn ruh9roa* 4,inimum wavelength of thee* u*h6bsra 7ad 2 x9nro 4qr-,jrxfz4 X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possibg/5s53txc8(tuite j ale for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is reax(8us5eij5t ct3t/g ferred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wave 1yu d.u+ jfkci,4oed4length

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decreajhi y8xepnk-9ry q26)se in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelefo :b bgu7 3k1k:xcr5vngth if they are moving with the sagvbr7 uoc:x1:fk k53 bme speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday lc:zbl+: jag3sq9(sp9 tz :lzwife is:pwlcj( ls :z+9a 9:zgtsz3 bq that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a ligr2+zx,4yn )3sf asb*1wcteeght microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role anw5+/(+m mizyc+yi axo4q g;b s the lenses do in an opticazb;nw4/+yq5 +oi y(axmcig+ ml microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscoplm ql*rfbk;1o8 h85 qj cdl:+res is capable of "photographing" individual atoms?;cd q5r+rjl q:f1m8lblo*k8 h

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron w)0vc0q;z), yam byzearound the nuw00e m yba),qc)zzvy;cleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jum8pq.nmmc ot6 u: q.a:sps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a ljp/:*dn6 savhp54cyiscd4 ; hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacenjrar9;4uqt .e t orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emitted by a gia5f9fea lt5n/j-g1oyx8 ltu)h nt star of surface temperature 500)ejy-8t / lufo f l1ax59ghnt50 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of f n9vvyqy4*4oy c32o tthe most intense radiation from an object with temperatu*y9c q vf4yono2y 4v3tre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequency 110 GHv1 1 p.1mvh6ontb i:azz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,0b;+h9 pp kyh-of-t vr1y k xb35sl-sgl09 vay.00 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radibra 6;8lg bp8wega.3sation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of lh2 gddh y).x(58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavel vbb;zyo )xyeq:d)* 7n; nj*cfength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is g)qc8jm 1s0zg7rjvr6 carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? xn8 w pxa453tc(Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavel4 pwx3xn t5ac8ength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work funmbvy5*5f; dlys j5w:e ction of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photo b:jewf* s55yd;5vlmy electrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface,z/iac jq:i23t 9l -zes the stopping potential of the ph9 -tzi/qesa: 23l zjciotoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, thhoe0e.(v sowt 5*4 cyre stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the thrvey0r( o4 seco*h5.t weshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incimgg* 8(bdi :codent on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 8db*g :go( imceV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with wor:sy (pq.9fpsg k function 2.50 es.pyg( sp q9:fV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is .rouu l jb,tv ,94m,rh90e. What is the wavelength shou,bm rt.lh jv9,4,ur ift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift isg g26 eiw,inlx 0y;*yf obw ,flig n2 *ieyy6;0xgserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelengt.q29p ,z7 t-tel)dk3hi qctyqh of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy ofdtq yc 3.-2 hqle9pkt7izt)q, each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the ma5vg; n;hpra,yqk80z qv4s vc4tter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed ofznk q;54 ;vh08gay,4 qp vvrsc 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g movi2x4ruo1 rc dvox)g)y)pst u ek9 29ww7ng with a speed of 30 m/s2 )tukpvr 9ydgc17x29s)xoor)ww u e4?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a axxn rvam3zwkn9f;kw,e44 6w4 5awr 6n electron moving with a sf;nwvazk6ka 4w3,4w x w4r9mnaxe 6r 5peed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential di 2 :xd;uhj/fobel,g5r fference of 150 V. What is its wavelengt,j5eg;u/o :dfh bl rx2h?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a pot u0 stfqzt)je9f-du75ential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelen9zf5 f ) qtusetj0du7-gth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Whum4 ;pq42sr 5 vprgi+oat is its momentrq ur5 vi;+p omg42ps4um in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differencui m*-4 c*xvk0l ec,pne of 100 V. What is its kineti* *clixp kcen-v4 m,u0c energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wahoxc s5:o3w)o velength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its eners eil9p(rv)fm;sstp4xq jw7f2+y 7eu+sf./i gy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic 7 s/ps x)i+t.fmveuy; ilpq 9s724wrjffe+(sregion.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 st /vbx/t+nai;9dleai ruw8)yf7 / j ,ivate to the n = 2 nvi8f9 ri;)a / /yel,xtwvd/aj+i 7 bustate. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. Whatqdit9-b,; g bgvsm7k9 is the energy whenmgq7vs;b i-9 t,dkbg9 it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To w2ysii9z l,u2,n1gzkk hich state will the elesil9kg2 ,zi,2zn ky u1ctron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atom apsny7hwffjh7(7+t2?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization ener4jlb5cnynb8h) dz j3; gy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition frdby e 0as1nw f7u re;,)6gr5ilom state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrot; 2j,4*1sz vtxmd vgagen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy g;t1 t,smav v*jz2dx4in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the- k;6eh( v/twtl9wkj n energy difference betwee vt6j9w-ne klkh;w(/tn the two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit character8zqp* (e21r; g,dvrld(oexmwized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumferenlg ;(rm* wvozx( 8q,d2d1er epce of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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