Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, suds-xs;k rl ndfh o:pi.0.m80rch as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emittedkp-:mifo s n .s8.r;d00r hlxd

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideas1r-yyz )h *qqc: b,qcl system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with r+0cqze j:c *y)la*kd the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a giv0ep9l1aiw w0w- v lu9len photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI u:n / rnjw4/klydd2 glr,*ucj7 qqar8 ,nits of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valkl ymtwj*c r.k90-6 youe of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particelbs x+:2/e 6:kfgfmwle that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statznhn)7x ebx+0ement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depend5nkj i4 :f2zrss on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by wn)hq8 fjsf3 2mhat factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photouc,;ldum sl4gt2;h,ens?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is expl3y2 nv;b1:hdml r kw373 rfqpgainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface9zwz :p0q,5pec83 eq-jln sruzux de6 ,(h;jo in the photoelectric effeepqpl0 x 5u s-j(9e6n;,zz:ouejcz 8,hqd3 wrct, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the followinykgx 8i:-qzt*g?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a +(wmg57,ng (u spnafk beam of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number(gkn uafw( ,m5+gp 7ns of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected atvadaddx*7l0w(m5 yi2+uda m;nqn 3f 7 a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the bluen d2+ 5 ad aqa70lm3*(udfmvyw7nidx; light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatter397c,, v b wfehefbe lp9:rf8fs the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scaf9w9v,e7p cb 3bf8 e frel,h:fttered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the bzm.r j.drj ,ihj3 -u:beam in var:,.jmz - rj3d.bj uirhious directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scatmt39kkjsks-( qyu ,-t tered from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the4-6fbz( 8 bfd n 1kbk50avz9kq(szivi X-rays scattered at9nsi kkf 4fbzzv(v 5ba (dik1b-qz680 that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle sx r1xo: 2tc5uproduces the greatest 2tu1r:sxo5 cxchange in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tu mfz,6/u:lyax3d6r5q1m torm be is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the Xrxrm 5mtfdyzl6u6: mq3oa,/ 1-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, itls): m,bwm 7x1 *itbu5 ,iq mxe.rouyk,uu3s9 is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that soy,:m tb r5l im,sk b*xqwx3u mu,eu .iu)917an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travelsu(:or3e+lcx ldfh33wv c5 ve : faster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease i-sfa7 f sl4b3dn its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to haveqw y e puc5txlb1)db1 5s*2uaa42av*b the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same e *t 4bu55abcp 11*awvx ub)lsyaq22dspeed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike natux -oy lu539pvcre of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is3u5cxy lvp o9- that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope ip1,btcoql,aadg2ju2o- 4*3, os qt rh,t7s chave over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the lenses don s5dvs)cq,8t mg,/wu w4xgo- in an optic,vw/ 8u4 )dgwsxn-sg 5 qctom,al microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscope9trny f3c xnu 6*sadh4:bh6jnsq;:q 6 s is capable of "photographing" individual atomc6da6 u6nrh 4 :h;ss 9jx:nq*byt3qfns?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron arlf a+fh*7h9u( 3knp +yo g1xsvound the y+o7p3s9xgfhuh a*f nlk+1(vnucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an ori/( /lz:yf9xiqlz,tk bit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrodkxoecx*6cszg73in* t8mh.) x s:j; ngen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference be88as ffg4swq-9vun d 1tween adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the m:-f 7l tyvez bcwws-: j;l 6h:q5zig*qost intense light emitted by a giant star b w75tfih-gl:c* z :y;qve w-6:szljq of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of tzhdo.kh5v 2;j he most intense radiation from an object with temperatukzvd2.5oh j;hre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequenck,68ec ljqb l9y 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?a (yf-5waf i8uk0;n / bd7o9d t lq-cewq.jj;r

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation haqx79ykg/9 p 3s +c ymk89kagqjs energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiatic9.ajb9+dn p qon has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 ,9k,fq, ods dhnm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelength fo b,fp+qz/ky z3s/ l7660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted bpn5 njee48b -ay a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochr n-5bj an8pee4omatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Fl)cvrbla (mc, l jz3;0) uk8zdind the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength )ccmla,lvdu()j0r kz l3 b z;8of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is ink njo9,j0c8of*y 8mug cident on a metal surface, the stopping poten88oj k,m90 cf yjugo*ntial of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metat xfg lr) pz.kq*/.af 5;9zynsl surface, the stopping potential of thekan zl 9xf).gy/pt*s .rf qz5; photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of waveled(zkp xjxiwa 6j+w5*9 ngth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential oadp+kx iz w9j6x (5wj*f the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surfacaj t5o65z*usce of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is theuz aj55 *os6tc wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scatr v.x-el)/oi iopc v.8tering is 90e. What is the wavelength shi-/ )r.vlicixeo8 vpo .ft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelend4)ct7x+ew). ahqap8(uh0qfw o o6l x gth shift is observed to f u+h. x7 (4)qah8w)od6 peolwtxc 0aqbe
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelengthpkk0 pr+ q+bo1 of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil p+1+q krb0p koelectron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associat x,za) s mdjrkaw3796ved with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a zxwa dsj)k9ar3vm76, speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 m2yvc vs-lihbn-: 3r8g moving with a speed of 3sbvr:hn28 c3vlm-- yi0 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated withfcry6lx. 9 ue:x-gn *i an electron moving with a spxc u:grfyl-9xine6 . *eed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 1*.t5ddu1u ec ) fxt9wlu.7h xg50 V. What is its wahd.5 ldg1uwuu7.xx*)f t ct9 evelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is ,hm5 bh y n4lpgkq-v:5its wavelengthb 5-qn ,lg4yph mh:5kv?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerat;:n8a g nbwv.9q1eh mbed by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum i e bnw9;:avg8m1.hbqnn $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 1fkje2t h *of1g,(ue t200 V. What is its kinetic energy2o 1*(e uh tkjeg,2tff?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 3si:0jzs o)bfk1eh3 fkg has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm.. -q8/xwc4obxed.7fe/k7asx klmo:kt c g1i 8 What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativisti8/ cmo7tkse18wo ifbldagk:-e / kx47 .cqxx .c region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom y1wr;inf:w52mzw co-makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is thywcwrif2 m:n;-z1w5o e wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13 v9:wj;akm9rss+r2k- suu 0fn.6 eV. What is the energy when it -wj 9a; r:9un ssk+mrus02kfv is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a p uzfw-kzwuas *ql) 80/3w6 : bqocoht(hoton of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a transition?6 s ok03fqq/wh:u-8(bwlz* wauz t)co

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the ;0fs1- d2k ;rciedfdn neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization hw 2zry0f pc50energy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 td+*ln0bjx xogg* i6:;nz ec2no state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 0 pvxai/9wh2neV. What is its energy ih xvp/an92w0in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the enerwt6 3/jhzlrc:no5zs -gy difference between the two energy states involved in lasezlszoh:3r c56 -tn/wjr action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about,x6) hcdpy294i gvw dw a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into tdyw h4g9pxwd6v,2 ) cihe circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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