Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, c5cbo 5l3/cpj such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emit jlcco 53pb/5cted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal svod - huwn y)x.- ,sf59t/mxz/w5ca +zcjur-fystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is asso fn9si 6pie k57:mg9thciated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy t/4 u.7 6 qlmgrur+ntpdo frequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's conat o;zgcq))orw3 no9m54qf e4stant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value ory o 4.eltpiu5 ulg hni418t/,f

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle r5ywv 3d3;j qm-l1a nz*nt+ fzthat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the followingq( f;cma njl*) is an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon dependsrm4*og oeif4j/bxb -6vg , va3 on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a phf5hwshh2 mcohg .+ 2o3oton is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest eel7trqoz8);pnj* nyxc;kj z ,mq f9*;nergy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is e a8 fk:mc877j tola3phxplainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in ke5dx1-gksrbi-d 3 8fvsh) 6d the photoelectric effect,3s dd5 e -dki8fbgs1h-)6rvkx the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoele heupg.un +0 +ii 3/8gdln)kkgctron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver;q j7lr u4z/ fj);ssnc the same power on a surface. For which beam i nlruz f/s4;;7jq)jscs the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electr+: (f2r6 y+ cv2i7 b6/ilvgyjibkc nlpons are ejected at a given rate each wij2pbrc l c6 :k +6ini(vybg yl27i/vf+th a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequencpr y.gzu 14 8 ce-vzyog,un3.gy f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of th8- pyg 1zuo,u4.ercg3ng v.yze scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelensvaug-r erg)jl-, 35 bgth l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If w,)3g5rblv- a-esrg jue measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase inb b)m,bj kd ua8.j(at hwv),f+ its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering (b:ourxe7j z* o1s;b tangle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at tj*: x u;7(et1oosz brbhat angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scatteringyc*yrhq bjqr)l , .q2grxr9+* experiment, what scattering angle produces the greatest change in wavelength?,yqc) yqx*l9rgr2qb* j+ rr h.

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an f+ ,3:pd hlihf*ap2)3hm vw liX-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength va f3lhmwlpi,i +f)3*:dh2ph of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes tht9/tg,eo)oqv:0 t slkq gy3 9hrough matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this inttvgk,hgys t t/ql )e99ooq30:eraction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, 6dl fk.b6sa0fxxr+/k its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in it+ wm))o:xo xjjq:z qg1 gvp9(iir -j9ts

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to havie ;c6:wt: x8b hna+moe the smallest wavelength if they are moving with thaext bh+ wmn:8o; ic:6e same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everydl 4udkqe c1e g.r4f i7 **yuoi/mw5w3hay life w ey4u*q /we3r754d hogf*1ikculi.m is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have ocb5pb.x v8x9d*kz* qever a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role aszsc,wn c- r)b8h,r8x y the lenses do in an opticalh88yxcc,-nwbrzs , r ) microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" individ;,c9 gftncxz 0(ad)i lual atomsf, xc0)c l9(;a dznigt?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of al-xm h2(qcx- 9 si)dzuvz *5jyn electron around the nucleu*j)z-dmyq (u-vc2zs9 h x5ilx s

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from/hr-di0)b nhrbx. k 0vmb0yi 5 an orbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent -krdgq ee)-q9tl8e x +orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit rai6ceip/ t a8w0dii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength correspono*zu 35kew6it0ctyb 8e, ngf,ding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surfac kben u35,*gty 8c0z6few,oi te temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of tayq+ygwl5o(lwi i g18r).b23 7m uoxohe most intense radiation from an object with temperatu )xuo13oiyg+l2m8la ribo( .w yg w5q7re $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is c 0wkv b t*1tk:b52u:sfu di1hdarried by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a phot es9vhk j7 +o5w5jac0won with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electroen0 -fc/-bmozmagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy ofg29hrt03ri pl 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 nm?14kys1acsbx+

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a ptb r cn9s6n08 c83qegnhoton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assumbra pxu 2qs:te 3 8pohe(8+wx8gz5l;s e that the lamp's light is monochromatic and o spg8 bro:u3e5e8x 2(s;th8q+xplz a wf wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of s/ q19dx4z s ec)dsal:the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 29zd 4/: sxcqsdase )l150 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfaozpmi5vyu7 9xw9 ro* 3ce, the stopping potential of the pho*yx p v7worzoi5m39u9 toelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, t)rz98n hp6ll *dd 1gsphe stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequd n69psl1*g d8ph)zrlency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm i8i a9adq k:b:as incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy odi:k:ab qa98af the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a mxtkj5d8w0deii+ )yn /etal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrene8ijdy05i t nk /)xdw+t zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. Wu+36*wxy1d 4ntq nkbue t/ ha+hat is the wavelength shifttun/ hq+ ukwt3y1 xand64 e+*b?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scathkbrt+33/39vbm i ncitered by a metal. The wavelength shift is obbhn+3c3tim/ kr 9ivb3served to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. u k5 tr):q*bd9uffe/ e4ap.bc What is the kinetiff. 9bud) /e5bt*cku 4:qare pc energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter ide9m yaz.dnqf fu +8r2s5t*0wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with ai*fedz8mnt+ r0a.q 25yf 9dus speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 20068cxtziyl- 8j )vtx -c elhemqc49h/0 g moving with a speed of 30 m/s?8jmzyl i6c98e v/el0h c h4 xtxt)c-q-

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelengthn:,cta c hxm,47ba.qp of the matter wave associated with an electron moving with ac.7:paq tc,,mxnh4 ba speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a poog k2swmp zw9.6;) ecjtential difference of 150 V. What is its wavele;wpc6zm9keoj.w gs) 2ngth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potensl0 1j c*uj/rutial difference of 100 V. What is its wavelengtju1jsu0c/*rl h?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What i9* /c3ww*i 5l :szz,ksmr:ci dqy gha-s its momen cq*,i/sk y:r5:zzcl93* -dwwgishm atum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelk/3t,zv +zrn serated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic energy,n +rvzkz3s/t?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wabsca(jndthu49 elh6 t4o .f 08velength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. W2*4km /pt8f iudb*3hqd2oo jn hat is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relatpq/m8 juhnkofd 3bt* d42i* o2ivistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makea, 3p0s8ruzsnt e (k2 xk6j(exs a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What j(xpekz 0x8ss2tu6 ak r 3,e(nis the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground stated.d:(ub 4 osjcsn-x4n is -13.6 eV. What is the esxbc( s4 o4-uddn j:n.nergy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground stdrzhty8t/na ih rcpru(v+ 679p),gg (ate absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a transitiorahrpg t9(tpu7r vchgzni+8/y,)(d6 n?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization e j v1z9n8uip5 l;/crsvnergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of s4p0 g:rz w1wq dh52yv(zh1uu bingly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen5nt4.i*5 h:jwwpjt nn atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom i oa (-ldyrvuy-gm j)6:s -13.58 eV. What is its energy in st( rdm:-yolyug)-v6a jate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What i(u2x*qfhn, cvjtgd-l 6dj)4 ks the energy difference between the two energy states involved inhk2jjc* -v6g x, dtnf 4qu(d)l laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a sg)d) f5t hakkdorzx-,e;a u75chr 6; uingle proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the eluhut)rze65rcdk ho-7d )g; axk, 5f;aectron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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