Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as fougeki sk*kh372cev0m8 n( b +ylnd inside a CRT, the electrons are emittedkvk2 n0s+c8b*heg l7km3 (iye

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal systea+- hhlm)idc. m that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is a 1lbd;3,vd+;w g uxscqssociated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon giveq cb6fmym azcig1vlm 7 86 5bz,4z(tx;s

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant arei/u v n:sr,r.d

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value o,/mwov0j t1en f

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlepui n:u;o1:grjcu ::/ *gewnu that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following1:e3 *os, zs-irggih1dnzw 4axf z)df uuk2.( is an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photo8 (fkad 6e9+veyoj7xbn depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halve;l(r e6 wo+qkuei/u0 dd, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest 2i:lrvf. ,bzxa7e, da energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effgvj7r-ov +ml2;ej 6nhect is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in tf.zgc gfoa : bcbtfxluj;/+t4. i/- 3ghe photoelectric zcf;tb f/g4:.g/o+ ub .cialf gx-tj3effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the phoolfwy;r+y 464i no1i wtoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of ;v e,pm / iaoznw0r)l 5 bt22gtv ni9fi2z/0pbviolet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number otm)/zili9; 2rfo52i 0vpwt p v ,nng2bea z0/bf photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue lightq i5g v5f4 o11gqtk3dylv+y8 j2b *vxl and electrons are ejected at a given rate each witvyy x35ig2d*4kb+ j1lglvf58qvo1 q th a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequenp5 9/o7r-7ckfdux420fkuno*m rnj suem. uh,cy f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various d0/ 7 -h5d fuoru. pumc9rfnk*k2mx7noeu,sj4irections. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelengthrrkz8.lj7 tqc +qm/rx m3n qg3 j-*yk: l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will fz+ /r qgkq:lmt3 k j*3x.8r-jqmrnc7y ind

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase in ifmqc)1 9r1yuri4 +(fytsxj * its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, :(q7 djtaxjbn* e4wyjkl6g61 as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-jjlq nt 16x( be6*gakd4w: j7yrays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces l);9 s1go chyu4uc omojf/ z18the greatest changsyo/1z98g41 o;chuj)u fc mol e in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelengt)( twu*um7eof5vtps6,oe+ nl h of t, s+v e6to mwue*l (f7)pno5uthe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes throghn3p+n 7hyq4 ugh matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; tqnn4+ y37 phghhis interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, ul dfqug/ f34;1st7jm its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accel(/,lh swx 2wpwerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the followlnrf7o:h i 8,c:t 7w hcxdk .u:6se,vling would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same sp ih6ew: x.flr7uc:oslh, ,n8vc7kd : teed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not notim 65vmv7zxtuumdg6 ,:ced in everyday life is 6vmdugm v xzt7:u,m65 that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electrvh1/ap vnjmnm (q c0u5tk78wi 2(t/m aon microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays t xhl5crhg/,u5. 4aimr 2vjrh 8iz,k t6he same role as the lenses do in an optical microsc j2l6r.crh4irgk5hth5za,,ux8mvi / ope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capabif 23uaqra 9pkc.. fr6le of "photographing" individual atoms?a2kf f c.ir3.rpq 6a9u

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron ap2l;oam*ff s09rx :dvrop *9vmf2: xds orfa;l0und the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n =s l619tl t*k whlf.wz0 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjyl1g 93 myr8m01iaymhacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydro v1,zwfdc;86 ruu 3ghmgen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to thh: rv+do*i6a rnri5 .ye most intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperay*nr+r.6 i:ah5 rdvio ture 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an objewneb d p6uu99 - fzi9+dmr3ik7ct with temperature9f3e+-i w nbzuk 69di 9mprd7u $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a.,-y ti0met7yw:ant +-yrve 0e :vwnj5fhqe/ photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GH: 3zevt l;xd:2djqv)ez?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromag-vd 6b95m hrw3 2bnxo1t-y5y rlbm;g pnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic a+-5*/3.uve gk go zwx ha;tzsradiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red li9a -:npixd9 cg*m5ftq ght having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a6 -)pl:ful ggcm +0qjv photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitpafiwb 0 33u w-r1lvl2ted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is v0wfi1l 3r2 ul w-p3bamonochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the meal :pj* ,eojh q;*dw3aximum kinetic energy of the phq;daoe,jwje 3p* :lh*otoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incix(tinooto e nyo4ev ( ;c.5p a;sn4(8odent on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the ph4vtn4xco(yp(8 o5o nna;oi. ;e( setootoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppim0ud ,veqz v 63 g984ihp*lbpwim (-wyng potential of the photoelectrons is 0.50- qm*we u(b hl0p ypw9vid6zvim43 8g,0 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the mb1p)f6umi0p;p) hv t- y3pp)dmwb,eq7in4s stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kihw6p fm yqi)iu m;, tvp p4b1m)e-07pn pd3)bsnetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light i9 5t3n mj34w+cmeekdts incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is 9j3det3 cmt5+nmwe k4 required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compto8 .oylwrbf; u. ,9ezys* w4p3pbz0pign's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength sp ,8 w3b zrl9yp* oz gw.0e;bi.s4fpyuhift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20xsjf9+3q x)cs nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is observeds +scq9fx j3)x to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm 9 d7zo,i5z:ry b*is( tm+qx2- pnidzfare scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energ,:9fdz2it*y dz m7 -xor+i( z5snqpbiy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ba vh 4hv-g, -fzpo8gcl1ll of mass 0.50 kg moving with a spee ,1lg-cvf4v-hz ogp8h d of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 hiq) k9( gvn26r67ursam;o;ugqk d7jg moving with a speed of 307ni;2 kq9kuroru q 6gv( 6m)shda;g7j m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an elect/ :.oj rmpbw3dron moving withp.wd/j r3:bom a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potentiav61e0 wne jh)xag b-)/zbyol7e*zd -yl difference of 150 V. What is its wawby-a0ze*6v-znxe)ogdye1 )h j/lb 7velength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated byl;c o+i f.mpqym4*i) t a potential difference of 100 V. What is its wave*)tii pl4+oqmym ;cf. length?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference uh0ie,9y 2:zholyvw( of 100 V. What is its momeniw:e(v,h yl2zoyh0 u9 tum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential di6k j4ubpew:*m fference of 100 V. What is its kinetic enk4*m6we p bu:jergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavele (chiaw77lefb5 t1vid o5i/w/ngth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is itsrew y) kkrb00nid-uboj;.zjyhm47 fx7 :3k+m energy in eV? (This energy k ):hunmze;rf j0+w b4.krboim7dxyk y-07j3 is not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a*0pmv,btjp 8 w transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the e8j*0vtp , bmpwmitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrog9 /wbzk3xd8; dklpy. hen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in/9d3 lp8yz xkhwd;. kb the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground st7l(8yk*wp6s 7n 1u)slvzfhwt ate absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the elet7z s1lfwv u*)kp6nl 7w y(8hsctron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutrxr6 hvymx*y5o- k tw,3nw04bz al hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionab.4nz),rdu t ized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 t:li1ngjxp -m)fm9 m /aeul -l7qbc,3go state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the h6 t a6lxil)z.sydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in st t lz66si).axlate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694. b,c0r0vdbp fw v,f7t83 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser70bff8v,vrd ,t cw 0bp action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is movin6tf oe pt8d x ,z-mqcw9o/1gz-gg(4wy g about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavele-f8t1dw x- g oogc,4zt(/ymqe 9wgz6 pngths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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