Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, amo +0p, 4ddezsuch as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emittze04da+, m odped

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system thadhgwh a 5hz os.),7g0f6frj7 tt

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the p2 9at1zrsgxw/0y(pulowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for k z y5ayc8+zz4 y:oj;xrg7s,pa given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units ofyo- fg/0c jvk( y4u(ft Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a qolu/ 1.cmjf,f d1uyel+jb8e 2cj4/y value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlr2olnw ( .-xvahygb-9p / ,u tgv,9;qzv.vg pbe that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accur8(we+j yla ,m5wup) pbate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photonzk04 ccjj40zzu1 1zq w depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy c5 dll (6evj3.nrkz zh:hange?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the l8 w ,vkyx)w 2 r)yiqze8f9,qd+ap4oiqowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric ef 4dqsqs1-z (zzo* xa*u38lzw vfect is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's suwdx 7agk h; 3hdwp9g)yt2as9/d ch1g/rface in the photoelectric ewhpcx7w9kd1t) ; 3gag/s hy ga2hd 9d/ffect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron dependlh c-:wln 0;xhtz/ 1ucs on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each del:pym8 zcqc 1v33c riwsr-.od6w/a k;fiver the same power on a sur.3c1iy3dw :q rvk a8z c/6s;mwc-fporface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electroncvi38jwn4j ,var)8k ms are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are eject8ck8 3j)m,j4avn vr wied

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a jqzqzp d3s5r)s5 q9j5.xm/do substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we/ qs.rj sjzzm)q5 53odd 9pqx5 will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident wn 9 kaj86+k1vwrlt/sm6tnu9 upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavel 9w/lu6n6str 89jnkwt1k am+vength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an y o2fc*:oc4rj increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the k3m0vz+ i- awrqs,s/vX-r+/v0-w i qa,mk3sszrvays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scatter*7,o.eksbyr bbf, dus,l j83hing angle produces the greatest chanjb,7 , ,dkue3l.rh*sb8bs foyge in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubleyuopv53q-4 d ed, the minimum wavelength oqp5o3e d-vu y4f the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to inth qfu ldj50-0jlqx 2t:eract with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interactionql -0d :qlx 0jft5uj2h is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its y86 sdp,ffp d;de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decre sz75x/10n6bcvoho ix ase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelen-w c3vt0ijwq/ gth if they are moving with tq-/ tvj0wiwc3 he same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavel -cw11evxoh:j) iq w:d+e *sjc d pvob(f1g++wike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life :+(+wsc1vjc)iqww pbd eg1ex1 + :do *jfh-vois that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a91e ;stxcjb (* gklgw2a ( dl+u-ng,jt light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same rpxf;snapxfq:uo( ),0x op 0i+ ole as the lenses do in an opticaisx,op(f0)upon ;xx+pqf:a 0 l microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" indivi ;1cjl tbm cm w1q-h7mh51qv,sdual atom-1 1v q5 c1ljq twmm;hc,bh7sms?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of thei.gfmzu8pl4i a n* (ia:lc;,f atom, the angular momentum of an electron around tfla: ,u pnmzii;8gf al.c(i* 4he nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where h7. kij d5rzt*n)am73jp-x nqn = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii irqfm1:6 0 d)owigheu0n a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adj k9ub:x65 cw-4 b evaaojfr/b/acent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corrugxrd-j6jy(y 9e, b;n esponding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surfacejyu 6;-d yjbxne,r( g9 temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an ojfsk.d:rub k) whvah6-q0; )zttog(( bject with temperature r( z.6b:(h;k)a hstg-0kvjq)fdo twu$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried r1pmurv-. j9z ph7 .p-ird9 xpby a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of f p wpj5u*smu6+;ddi,tkva 2-100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has enervsv/4* zw* vzdgy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of g+w e(nvzycmbx:; *+ f58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light havin;h+xf uon 0n9fg wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joules, is carried by a p1a 9:wl+er-05h ht zfp:kz tgfhoton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emittedld-sppgz *z/sk q./7i by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatd/.zsz/ gpisplq7*k- ic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A metal has a work functioo* lbkpce dl8,-cm;h.n of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the pekp8lc* , lhd-c;bmo .hotoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal sn xfh-cehn9 w2)8 hi5xurface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV.89nhni-52ew) hc fxxh What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface,y ) zro4d2zyeeki k(4sa 9f1gd2usn7a u3zr5- the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is t(e) d7agr s r3iou2y efzzk44zynduk952s 1 -ahe threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelengthbdju ijzu3mt)x( gg(k9j. 92e 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. k2j)g jx(i39gt dj.e 9z(uubm What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incir z-ppykjxyq1)n fd;/ 69stx4dent on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zerpdq1t4y 6s-f/ ; j)rnz x9pyxko, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's3o6 vikduf 50whr2v*m: 6ohgu scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength srhkwovmgv 65 3*20ouf:u d6hi hift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift isi+ub9nijh .px,-a ml- oba,xn+-pi.9jib uhlm - served to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrl /q*v)c0gyjgq2 nba wu:p,3fons at 130e. What is the kine u3w2 g yfjq0lnbc/ ,:vpa*)qgtic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of m g6z +sx /seyr:opu5 )u2nf9dzim9y0jass 0.50 kg moving witsgrxy9zo:)/e+nzi6pj 0u f um 29 d5ysh a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving withih25se 0vvn32gz8o xo a speed of 30 m/s?58 ez 2ix0vo2onvg3sh

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron3likymo3 .0do8 p4jic4w-x ie moving with a -d0icj3 yokw8ix 3 lpoi4em.4speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a po)u8g 8peb a-votential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelength?)88p ba-u voge

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 k3jmds;kfue;z*xk.iy1 ( pv-; p;oe dV. What is its wave.;xy *pdoezf i k;m( pvu3k1-de;ks; jlength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference i/i:u i ,8y48o .f43 ugr tadaurtdgs1of 100 V. What is its moment:itr dr.usyi ioua,g441ft3 /ag u8d 8um in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its (gur-z8vg,lrq vn +6 xkinetic eng+6rl zvguq ,r8-v(n xergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelen m6u x.gdnnb* /2hqij7gth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its ener(4bljj8q+ e ,6ijjv rxgy in eV? (This energy is i,l vjbjx6e4 j+q 8(rjnot in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen at m(,0or5id ynwom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitter, 5 n0i(wmdoyd photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13. nquva qfasg4* 7.+6ef6 eV. What is the enef a.uq7as*nqv 6g4f e+rgy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To ws.z iq3qpx6i 5hich state will the electron mak i3z 5xsq.6qipe a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization ene +o7:kcjoryv85z sv+wrgy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly eg;utm7)fv ;d ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogeyek2;ubcg jx*69on b3wvva/gym; )3ln atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom 5-v w urz61dqbvyy1ugr2.c: ris -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n =r ruv6.b21zc d1 r :ug5wvy-yq 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What i8y yub hbql*w08qi(s *s the energy difference between the two energy states involved in l b*8w*8byuhsl(yi 0qqaser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n =qx i41vh0 d ndm:1sjov8s3l+ j 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of:mdv48d +solh1v1q0ji3s jnx this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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