Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating uf f,p 8jj d*ogr2 i9:+u8vne0+fflkz plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are fue*io:9fp8f vgjn+,8r 2+u0 ldzkfjemitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ide)l tfha0 *tn.sal system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest tempep)nwpvw9q;z5sn s(f 91o25iy lgw7yyrature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given pho, ;rt/i.hor88ck zwnny-,9x7rafq gy ton gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units :a (udw9wcd s+p6nxc2 of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant ha1akx 3.jq+ xkah9m5 kis a value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle kquq9t0 hc9jfv*(pp. that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurf 9nf 29mjylq+ate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photugsa)k9ak-rb 3 8i x2t00losxon depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its eneril 6ti bg*dcjy6e;ze 3s.j40n gy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photons? 0);i3w dwgdh vaw*-uu

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is2-qy uvzsq )7y explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to.g n2l5d7 a xuac8*dt/yw5x yq eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelect7xx/yawlg*u n5.yd8d q5at2cric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of thekk 4zuk6ghz oxbj8 kj*--vw51 following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same pnyp 1bc 55.gdwq(a:gh)r+m byower on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the5nygqhm:cb rpdga5(b) .+1wy surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated wivo9lfq pj (9 f;i9smgjy--0otth blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the inten 9sjqolj-f0 poyg(f ;9vmi9t-sity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incidentp (mi:t6-t0g1s hdv us upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X- 6s mi-vp u1gtt0d(h:srays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon*vyi f6h veqdw;ja420 a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will fi0*v;f dqyvj2e 4i6ha wnd

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scatteredpvfi)ew. +3 (t- tyj:nlaqg1e from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the zp*qa+ ytvnhh g4 c5 px*sul ondux2s0:9;()aX-rays scattezhpa4: ctxqgou;*2 +nhd0sns ( *ayvp) uxl95red at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experimentwsvh :7 xmqg *vzx p703khrz-1, what scattering angle produces the greatest chan -:zwvzr mhh7gxpk7sq3 v01*xge in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the x +*3eg-uaw 2azv-kwu p)l8ms minimum wavelength -2s8wmuplku+wga zx-v*ae3 ) of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is posh vd7aw tg(h)*sible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron a h(wahv )dg*t7nd a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wa fbx0/imm0i5kvb5 2 qevelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in itkas, 87an3 tbg-ed e0xs

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to havwv *fr4m/:.jtg/nrw ne the smallest wavelength if they are moving with thervt4r nw *m/ :fnjw/.g same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of1zhua9ln 8bv-op 4 hf+ a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday lif+bvuloh naf41 zh8-p9e is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light mic,3g4n1 ucdyi- w a99ttmd z5 a)q;tkcbroscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role fw2t lvwvl* j**ka*wi4+ y 23rpzye,y as the lenses do in an optical mic*yz2y3vj k2 , ewfi4r+p**v awl tyw*lroscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" 12ep ic*k 5vhgindividual atoms? 25pcev1 *gkhi

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an ele *ujylb isu 1r0naq h+2g,2sa3 bkr8s8ctron around the nuc+jhan132*bs,uli8 0rbqyrg28suks a leus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbi,kigxyomc3 +5u (on x)t where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radindl98s vmo)a+i in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference betw0 ng)bak6orc ;een adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense lm+1t3bc,o yk7vm o n8hight emitted by a giant star of surface tempermv8 ,ochny3 t7b +k1omature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object with temperatifm:1wqp ;z x0urzqf:xp0; mwi 1e $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with f2h 82uge9xijhrc 43ki (q2 v3empv* gprequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 37zgnze j6 rn6f/s , hbtvefhh4/ sov,; 42whlGHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has en 9zmcwrh:mk0 g/ku7o- ergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagn*mfl ,1 dgne1 :k4nibzu98h4wiu(fh oetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of r 4 y.izsdn*/poed light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of t 2egkc+qcct1m,7 ey7 wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Ass5 +cruhoqj +g,ume that the lamp' 5g qr,+uh+jocs light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum * wbayarjjd; 2w7r9 *wl +(abdkinetic energy of the ph*d2 (brjjwwd9+;l *7rawyab aotoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfacew:z 6 j((e -px7 ianfitk6is1f, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the 7eft6 i(kazw6j (ifsn1 ip:-x work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelen8l8t cq)f-l jfgth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. -ljl f8cf )q8t What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppi7d gwh5 tlf g(h*f6u)ing potential o7dw *6tffh5ug)lgh (i f the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metl/wany -lod:/vm+uo 5 al with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V st//n+mula:y o-dowvl5opping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scatteri33w js-7ar zamng is 90e. What is the wavelength shift?a3a-wjrs3z m7

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a met tjd,m48c6 afxal. The wavelength shift is observed to ba, mf x4dtc86je
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are sca5g.hs hrh.twt. 9nj m:ttered by free electrons at 130e. What is the r .9s..mjg thhn: w5thkinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave ass9ji s0 pskms;k7q( i2hociated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a s 9s h2i sijs7mq;k0k(ppeed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie w,py q5 -i/tsjsavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 pt/qsjy i5,-sm/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron moving w aq-fj01grx .fitgqx1afj -.r f0h a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelcx.a3+1vrrk 4u 0wrlir1(vqq erated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelr.ka4 x 1wvqqc+uvr rrli(10 3ength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differencellatsuzze:f g.00jqb*y 6(ikb7, c3u of 100 V. What is its wavelength 6i 0f j0: a3(scby7 ,gbk.ulu*lqzetz?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potentw+c:*l it8dwy8ek) yz ial difference of 100 V. What is its momentum k*8i:yw 8t zyl+c d)ewin $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What ise kd(hu5vn)asf )wlzc.ng2v/ v* d) r5 its kinetic enevkvuahz n/d )lc (gw)5*5s f.e)rd2v nrgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength o,yfjx*3 rxkd( f $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nma6d6l 3 pzmhyrs6 9pljfu*() k. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic region.ak 3ls6fudh j)y696prlz(* pm )

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = w6s6 .uczgh)qym- 6;os :xagb5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitted phoosc6 ;u-ggs qma h6z:.w x)6byton?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground s4n5z(rs:c uxj ni- /vmtate is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it i 4s/xzi 5-(jncn: urvms in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absoy uxbvbg*glodg9)g*en4kw2vzg (43w (c g *+hrbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make4yecn(glg gg)uwb v(3v9b+kwg z g**4h* 2xod a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen aq3/s 03w0ve:ox0x utf, dqwgbtom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of sin p5oxpk6.bft x9y gew17z; g:,ykso+rgly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from sta ,va0;*yhivcta lzb*;te n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogfch4k2 d, 2b-i 4*vjzl4 dy9ipvk zur)en atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy iv -vrz422i l 4dj,zb)yp*uh49id fck kn state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a rubyu2avf)0 m0 ,e;ba*dyvp /dkoy laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser a, d00y/vekop2fav ;yba* u d)mction?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an owq s) jgvul,+0rbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron)jvs+g w l0uq,'s de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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