Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT,7j* n(lw,kgntbq)f -kj: 2bmp the electrons are emiqmjk k* 7nfb jn pg,:(-w2lbt)tted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal mo9:5q xnlkd :p/b+crsystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with thr) m vr-3ltre+ ::ulpne lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy t/ v8ixkdn;1jsiv(bp 2;v) fawo frequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Plq1,6orqjvx *+p;nghl anck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a val 3;t(qesmbqq* ue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particcc: 2/pivpmp 9/sepq. le that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accuupe+ n rq x*t,al,v/h79pfbodkp,r0 /rate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends ulu6qqm i29v3 on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by whatxai3u8a bs,b+axd)w : factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the l vhwv *0gmv(,mnn h/v3jt72te owest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainab*yey6 94 nxxxsmlt)0 7vz.s4t yipk 6gle assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's so*d) 2n 1vo; cr-osxfuurface in the photoel12o -xo)c;druv *fonsectric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron d :x aug4x2a: cw)vt0jivl ifv8no3gdk.ss433 epends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of vi -(1-wqiqfvcoolet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting tq1ocw- q v-(ifhe surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illum5ty8 cu50 otjn- rjm-einated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a giventety-c850mu- j 5orjn rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is inciden/f 8l3rbuyvq43fv9;n qruol 5 t upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scat3r 8;vnl3f 5bryvuol/q9 4fqutered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is inc1t7) if*7 cwqbunkxw q2h:pd*ident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wa:q 7c1b)f2dx* wik*7pt hqnwuvelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase in dyvz6lr/h 6j 3its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as thenv, le8/- r,5ketekp s scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-raye5s/te pevnk- ,lk r,8s scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces tu4nso.b mye- t/zo*y5 he greatest chang5n.s-be* o/z4ot yuym e in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube i9oa z+gk*5n -znhzc -5mlx/y ds doubled, the minimum wavelengtxyl a ohdn9m/zzc-+5znk5g*- h of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, le,7si+- ttav nsif 37it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron andl+7t-vsas7 i,3f teni a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fast6w59v vi 9boi:71h9zrm y gsgder, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is acceler4 jlln(j:9 or) ydqaj*ated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tendy l5lp,5w*its to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same stsi ,l*5pwl 5ypeed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not1x1- mspc -rq: akv6ba noticed in everyday life is 61s-apqbc a km1-x: rvthat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an elz 6nye 8 4iy3fxne l:(fp3*.gs2vir feectron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as +jej fn:,/.gdov pga; the lenses do in an optical microsc;p :jf/jga,.evd+ gn oope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" k,:erzxyc e0 dgeu7n0,c wb+ ;individual atomsdn0:c,c ge+k7 x,uy ;zwer 0be?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atvrf scxj8(r -x,;8jl aqp+s6som, the angular momentum of an electron around the nusj6raxps q;r-jc8(s8 ,+ vxflcleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one wzj7ys()q0l14hx:a6( uhvcpis d e 7kphere n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogcwmpox,kv k40 a4,qy0b2p silt9va- ;en atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent fe a83pj*63fw z;k2 d7van/kwekt+ ciorbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most. dtjd.om5 ux;cew(,u intense light emitted by a giant star ouu ,d..(dj ox wmt5;ecf surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation+d p v5o7pezw+ from an object with temperaturee+vo5zpd+ w7p $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with e anerh;wae:7w- g/;dfrequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a pv(mevoc6x1n tzm9.,s,zjx2gyn 2l:h hoton with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic rx q 0,rn.,e ee):rtiiradiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energb5k:tgcz22ut (dl7tj y of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light hav43iw xo 6 )fw.rmbrh-ving wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelengt0aye):p6say o rvlx9 y :qrpyxb- /)+xh 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapo;u uab1h :u.z aj.vl9or lamp? (Assume that the lamp's lb zh .:.19jvulaauo u;ight is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work fun1 6 mylz;jcv:ms;jbqsi :0-dm ction of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is zjm;dji:s6:vs;0-cm m lq1y b250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is inciapqwyg lsuw,+3ay. u.q :ci; c k:/9wwdent on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoecq u,9 .w w.lywqk:wsa c3:/ya+;iu pglectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping+ mz53us+ g)bgiiq a8l potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequenq5+u3ag )8l+mgsizb icy?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface,4e,z ,w 1hscgl* vtka, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the tkv,*lw h,sz 1ce4a,g electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light weak r)ljjpkj+,f00a i;ext8g+ 7i )ais incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of li),jw r0iltife+jp7kaegja ;0a+x8 )k ght?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the ge lzc,8dp,zuo,4xy3xk l)c. wavelength shifzz l ,pc)cx,. kol3, 8ug4yxedt?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scatteresu5bo(mtu j/equ+v:q58: x x hqy7*yjd by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed txh+ v8:q o7*s5btqxuj5 /qj um:yeyu(o be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scutt x/mrvcpk30 a)j 20attered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil ele/0jpv0 x3at k)c2mu trctron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of tv.e5o1s aut )rhe matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg movingr).a5ot s ve1u with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed ofia y )q+bd8e*(kfu es .6/hzq+h93 orx rlnga4 30 m+a)9 6l d/zr.gak* h+x4nb( yr s8hqieuoqfe3/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave as,w)x c4niq 63 privd14v,jltk07wdvc sociated with an electron moving with a wlw1 7ct4 vinpvvi3cr6)40jq ddxk,, speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerateddkj n -.c; ,yg2-qppahm9 1,y vjcza(o cut/c- through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its njd. uz;c q(9apc,cjt21yygv/--, c khao p-mwavelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potenttoo 0c2: diso*ial difference of 100 V. What is its wave:oco *2ot0 idslength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential diftyzp,xs8;z2n ference of 100 V. What is its momes x2z8,tzpy;n ntum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference-(+0wx (r zptwuq dg(w of 100 V. What is its kineti gxww(0d(( qzw-pur t+c energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelea.4ggkb 0b bqa d04wd/e 7ok3tngth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.14rcn 3rxr:a)y23 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic region.) anxrr:c 4r3)y

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transitigd-4 z6y: .)ktqczu)qtm3hepon from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is tcq 6.3-dt)4ku gmqyh) z:pt zehe wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen at-j h 1-stie(u7ibi 5b4cea) bqom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n cih-4-e beibtb)1jia 5u7q(s= 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09dhbz,7q3x5j xx v2g qfptj 3j6o e)r.5 eV. To which state willo 3tvfe,jp x)q.qzd5h x7xj5 jb6rg23 the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrl:d,q oey8mm)+gcg *.dn wy,gogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionizetartr (.7hcdygeh+.y1vkd7 3d helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition fsb2gpbxp mp( d8f81b. rom state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

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In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its qjp5/0 rtl ylcs;h. trqddq/bg (y-1 .energy inrc1qt/ qq (dt syj-.5l/h0g;. pylrdb state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy d(y rv5/4 pyfigifference between the two energy states involved irvy if( g/p4y5n laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

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An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n =:m+ u7 1gscuvk: .jm7ranqa:vtq. dv5 4. How many of the eaa s7vt d:+ uvv:qmmuk.r c5.j1ng: q7lectron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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