Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, t;, e9dskxszmtrd+a 8.e;sy 4vhe electrons are emitx8as k eyvd ; ss;.z+dt9,rme4ted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal 1s8lxla6qmqa5 +- ug41d k ecgsystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spec d 7*0u5zzqg ,(9fxidrga xeivxgc:-88chi;xtrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon ghyl/d : aar98arkd1zd e(-6kbives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant are)ozv,jcs/q2:-jhk x t

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valm( ;hz c-h(ivwot)r(d f(r.vlue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particv sd iw1 bsf9i0.ywh*-le that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statement4 ucbdd hm biwtx y 4g(0.9i9s,..sqfp?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends oze;l2iogxswfyzzw 54s ;9 .2am j6t.0uvbp j) n

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of 6f.tr-0uoao+ a lgej9wst 59 ha photon is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photons?ue;bp+ m a,w-j

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assuminppp glnjqnc8g+8f3xag *q 08 ,g

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photyic b-rgxe3,m l(t:r*oelectric effect:- c lgbe*mx,( 3rrity, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron djo, dc /be7;qgepends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light andsw;0xw6s--o1yj akoy0z 9of g a beam of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the num zafko -1;9j0yog6x wyo-0 wssber of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a gi+d(ca 51i.q0bs1ff5 ofov m8a1emf ghven rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue ligh1i5o masq 5efdofa1 hv . +g8b1cff(m0t is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatter5/u 3x*q/fe)c2su ok 0tvl3n qsyygb.s the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered yvxuu/5q2s0 f/s n *e lqyo.c 3bgk3t)X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of waveys8l7* 6 u)zbrdik/xdlength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measur)6dulix7y*dbks/ 8zre the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered fp;6ztbem ul/k4. hc,brom an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequ9m6-t mywf 6vc9lg6guency of the X-rays scattered a g-u6fcv6wyl9mt69 g mt that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, wh4/z yfoi0z1w(x kvjiik ,1* 1.n bpbbxat scattering angle produces the greatest change4(1kkj. ixzvpf i/1wbno,b1xz0*yi b in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minitx64,b aug:d pmum wavelength o4u dxgt a6,:pbf the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to interact with the9h1h dwydub5-+.we2 bx ob*h h matter i9bubdy-hxd.1ob*whw 5eh+ h2n such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Brog8k h*xrdn 9u kwg9w30plie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in itv+nr0t) nw2q 04 6ozt*hk;:r oquv;cpmk eyk -s

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they a in15ho5hs r/muyc 8h*xzzw 9:re movinghhir5s5ozu9 x* :w/h1cm8yzn with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature ojz (*fa )rf; janqa3l .rznrqrss-(l* 6)x(enf a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is thatq ; )lns)e(3 6*x rfnsaj-(l (f zq.zjarar*nr

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have oun * *d,3lmy xqarr1z7ver a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope biq /irf6qp4x7r, p j)that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical 7)rj4x rqf 6iipq/bp,microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" indivb 2 rnj07m2cgzidual atoms?0rc2 zjm7ng2 b

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr4u4- zdhq,we* 7vfcsy model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron arou,7cwv q fd4*hs u-yz4end the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one w0:y7v92vudbq2 tip n ehere n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radij1t vxz+eh.gir:u 1yh-m .dz 1i in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy differences( zwmr0 4duga*:f v)x between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emitted by a na-f)jus-1o* 1w bcosgiant star of surfacnco o1 asw) b*sj1-uf-e temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object with tqwbjk31v) ag7emperatukq71gaj vb3 )wre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carrie )ce6z3b5k najd by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency kszm9-y+gk.4 9j) tht *t hhsgof 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiatigf41v ny4iqg(uv 9uo( on has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagne xy+/f9 e)nj by3l ys137t9ewniiy/ubtic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 nvyh5ds y6pex+-oz bb- ibi: kya4 y:1*m?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon nqlb,ls3ia 7lv8 0gr *of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lac,a8k wd/chdvg89 on- mp? (Assume that the lam8k g8c ,/ddh9nv-wc oap's light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energe4yqto ,6zx1yru4ey* rw p0+xy of the photoelectrons if tee x4y o ry6xwu*401z+ytrqp, he wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm i zo2c-g7lvko- s incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the pzov27 c- -glkohotoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, m6 yujt m(f.5(p0etuqthe stopping potential of the photoel.qy e p(m6jumftu0t( 5ectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is59p wlmyw ,27y2nyi ji incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the mi ywmy5y72p,j9win2 laximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal r7e*1eq- mopt with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photmp 7r-q*1oeetocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scatterin)od02f i*bbrng 85qdmpi5na38xq ae,g is 90e. What is the wavelength shift a ,*rao xp0ii bn85nm5dge)f328qbqd?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.2 s (6jy)ng okhh;hv7*v0 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is obsv* vhghyn)6j 7h k;(oserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of *fhd r/be8aps p8mk wa4*zh:,0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energfwmhe:s /8 *p ah4,*przak 8dby of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball .q+ ufcqkslr l+n:/lxfe4lhda5e,1, of mass 0.50 kg moving with a spe: x s,.l/ck+lfhlrenl e5,4 uq+f 1dqaed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wa4j 3xwmrr;;du velength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of dx ;w3rr j;4mu30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron moving wit(0qq wk zl yl/6;q1 zrcbzu5;hh ak;h/ 6zylzq c qq5(buw;0l r1z speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference oip- fd9v:kw0 ff 150 V. What is its wavelength?wffd 9:i-v0kp

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 1ut/ b )cnde2pqm+u.my )f.ao+ 00 V. What is its wavelength? . p)u.btd)a ncqmf/m e2+uyo+

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its mks (-a. mo5g1wgaidh -omentum --k ms.aiawoh1g (d5 gin $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference o * *q0)o.wt lbhl,q matctmz +89yaz1lf 100 V. What is its kinetic en wao *tay+ztt0* mll,91qcmlbzh8. q)ergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kgingp0g2sb 2y 2 has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eVh 0l xfd-ev(o (xe+ew(? (This energy is(e( v(o+l xwdhxf 0e-e not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the,*t6irl ;yajd,jax-b n = 2 state. What is the ild;j,,ta*x-aj6 rby wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What iwo-( : jk,hiz2ibri j*( mc(mys the energy rb2j-im( ii(*j(hckm yz,:ow when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV.e sn* /6crxdw0 To which state will the electron makexdc*n6/rs0 w e a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization en14iy0,sr xpu8 sjk4ap+h xk;zergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionized hee ymct4,n p8pym70ov7lium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition f v+rgsgd- 02;pjrbu0qrom state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. 63d x/i-zhaqom +s2 ugy8 oxc3What is its energy in state n =+m a-s 2/xoihc 8yx6uq33ogzd 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. Whatfa3cn gc-:s :s is the energy difference between the two energy states involv nacss c-g:f3:ed in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about*xpkd-d,(me(ii g1b nwtjj m)0:dw9 h a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's nhx)t gw 1j edjd9(p(w0bi*:d ,-k mimde Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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