Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, thhb4 9 sw/o+xzje electrons are hosw+xbz j 49/emitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal p.7 y o;px))sdbe simdn/7k j/system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated wi (1 k cfdazufd20v1z4oth the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a5;iphsxt m8 s01 tx9ok given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Plnh9 +0ds 3lkja g.ad6f nr8q5ganck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value ofdxgy8 58 sh8ab

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlete5ve9an r,b1;bx /fe that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurq47tb0cj gn6 a0 gab1: nt2zroate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon deg wts6bo .;*p flq8uw8)h3gfcpends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its energy change)06bpz,/;fryaq2ya die - hl p?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest wfz1vx9w* r6x energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explain, 2su : l5fmv*gd+8kxr9nzszxable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject acodu7 ;-r4ws(zv p,(nbqj ,b in electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectr rqds-jn pvb,w47oziuc;, ((bic effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of tjqm/nlmy*nrm..o8 ul d0rw 71vy9 n7 jhe photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the sa4h7+t:1jdio + bi1kzfwr 8d oume power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the18rozu iwdbd4j+ ih t+7k1of : greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and elect 5n+o(mud vxbumz6e(fm g70-xrons are ejected at a given r +(x en(0m75dbu vg6zu omx-fmate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upoqb.f qllqdj-/s/)tjsh*5b2m i7w s,ai o )rr) n a substance that scatters the beam in various directioi 5b )sq2.isj7-dqqtj/f/ ) mr)o*la rl,whbsns. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatt 9ogn 9)do2jjmers the beam in various directions. If we me)9gn2jj9 mdo oasure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered fromd*g qlffc4,f.hgl 6 7 rjmt/s7 an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scatb+x57pmcbq ;l *drj:bij vc 3 7,hb/actering angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at thatqb d/3x cj m+*jl:7ar cih5bv;bcp 7b, angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the greatestts9y nr2(cq4tofm46ztcu 1p67xo7 c o change97 zt71r uscmo6ox( nptc6o ftc42yq4 in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelflyf y9t tv .v0zz4ixwy6((,xength of t0i vtxyw4(y yt.6f,9 vlf(zz xhe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, im-z:;afdhb*6f buelsv*1 e5 st is possible for it to interact with the matter in suchesufmelb- h1 6za fd:* 5*b;vs a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broga uv ,it9z:m0ulie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is clv weq0 i/w0 kja210v6v a4qe;) psila decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest jm j h zix5n)o2sfkqcp -375r4wavelength if they are movingkz3x2oi qnmrjpc s -)5h74j5f with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball i p(ar )58pca2 ci,pbi8ea 1hubs not noticed in everyday life is that 58(eachc i)pprai2abp18,bu

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light micr46dnt kzw2z2 kti o8o1oscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as th*;d ixb ba.dh 1gpa+/le lenses do in an optical microsco/;ag.+ dlbadpihbx 1 *pe is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomh5)v*svg.bcr h).*vvrg5b s cs?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model ofv:q 0r8jx7bxz the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around the j7 zx q0brxv8:nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit w )* oj kwzh(3ejqr;atrb .h):7izbaw7here n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent or kw(0x3mxtqqn2 4fw(+tkff:c bit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacene 7iw,mjhx+)l8l7p x+gp1 r0nyvtvy:t orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emitted by f )xl ogeh/nwb(:.o4q a giant star of surface f( :x obleh /4qno)gw.temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from vjd ti78o1sx7+ weaz6 an object with temperatoaze6sj +vwt7i1 8d7x ure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequency 110 o0pk 5p4ev)rw.fmy s4GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency d+rh(p zszo4(n c2atzk,wf ,4 of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has e ) hz6+ab bnn,sa*o.fmnergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of elzq5(aj-n dyt3 ectromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon eneru/hs;nfin z8 2gy of red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by -)l jn8uexl8 p-7glnva photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapotz *d7tz2p;c.f 4oinmr lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and z.*p ; tdoz42tnfcm7iof wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy om4;p /bt +fqpof the photoelectrons if the wavelength ftpmq+/b p4;oof light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping py df4zobgqbec n;m(uf+)p * 5o53i8dfotential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the wo)f z5 pu 3qo od8y e(5n+ibd*m;4gffbcrk function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppul. xg+m4- rc6rkj1g qing potential of the pho .ru+xl1q4mjr6gc kg-toelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal s30fav wd2s0nh urface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.52v0h3 wd afs0n00 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is inc +s .a.iw kanjv+s68qcident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero,.v+is j kan8+.ca sqw6 what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Comptobci8 u tuy4gju41 6(gyn's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shi1uui g j 44g(tyub8cy6ft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scate8c( ucv x +h7m -kejce.:./4iwfd jlatered by a metal. The wavelength shift is obsek/f e-.cav( +8i:e h7c. dwelju4 mcxjrved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are s pj;; 4a,ktfxpcattered by free electrons at 130e. What is ;a f;t,px4 jpkthe kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0wy pbz7u qpj2.yk2cx- jqn;6 ;.50 kg moving with a speeppy.7;b6x; yjc -qz wjku2 q2nd of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a hy2fcfpq+s+hn dl 9.-speed of 30 m/s?h2hfpq -l. cdfy+s9 n+

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the mzmgd5 cvp t6f,a rbyrn3(-.x+, h.xqfatter wave associated with an electron moving with a speed oay-rft. cpbx,qz 3. 5rgfn+6,( vmhxd f $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through ay(zm 9wqpad3r:s8 -9flf/m qq potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelengt:ldqzqm8ff/a-3p 9qw(m y9s rh?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potentiln yo1+l vck i:/v+d,8:ap tqlal difference of 100 V. What is its wavelengthy1:n+vd+ c8i k:votll ,qpla /?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated 3 )b sd;oc 24ojzw7qkpby a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum inqo7w4)dp3jsoc k 2;bz $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is q pgcmadi8v2 l9q( t8,its kineti,va9dq m 8clgt2qip(8c energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg h/l*/9r n6uby2opm sy gas a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? : ,;g p 1j9le(k figg,gep:dfn(This energy is not in th,gk:i1fp g:de lnf(;g9e g jp,e relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition frzc3vzn+ r6s *uom the n = 5 state to the n = 2 svru snzc+z* 63tate. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its groundf64 f8yllua 9cpzgi vif.2z4z0b9w5 u state is -13.6 eV. What i4 vzucwi6lgfpa.u80fzlb24 9iz9 y5fs the energy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground stao8 z,eod wl26sgxse9j dg5:7yte absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the elec6x yo95szgde o:e j2dlws87g,tron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hyd9zz9 vg0hy3:*sb 2mth0dfqyl rogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of sinto k6z gr z4z-(q2uz;qgly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, th ks 3h-zvyb-;3clpc7te hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 elw )qtj6fdn-x.0u (tbo8oq x:V. What is its energy in state n = x) wbtf.nqq8d:x jo- 6oul0(t2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy differen7p,6gl) yoipvce between the two energy states i7yl 6v,iop gp)nvolved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton mt7 r1; ynzfs(in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of t;y(1 nsm7f zrthe electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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