Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, tr0zojdmyc 6lg.(xpgedm7- ; 8he electrons are mp7ejzm(0l.gd; do-rxgc y 6 8emitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system 4m 4v oaw/9qs/o;xig .fjkar) that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visib9bg/3fv.jue pj ,l3 iqog8hd; le spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon gi0 2xnz vfiu8b;brj40j( lvr5y ves

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Pla vk *vs(fo(8qzlf ;hzq-io5z. nck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value of5x ; roagiz5f:

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle th ;c)d2 yx/4 .n-dslu*uhre qcqat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurat xwrpq2-dbe/: m9jv-,1q emxue statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depenzd6r,twxpbvu9 w 02hk + xt72).le.ariskq) tds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon isvj7ux2 ,giw m9 halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the loweb6wta . ;ks( trb8-8i 0 fufnvtf(0crbst energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effecpx lmt*l(9p9-r,h6s huv7 rni t is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a ffj-c 6b7pnqt f2 qnjm1l,((bmetal's surface in the photoelectric jjl7np1fn6,tq( fqm(-2 cf bb effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depbj4; o q pdhwp ujvia;5*tj.+kkp;-6e 3xjk /fends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the samj2.bnx m3 +d8b 3labwh) t7mxae power on a surface. Fo m hb3ax)wl bx7bjt2d+8 a3.mnr which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminelon(g7ze7a 2 upi7 ifdaoj-:b-2 -s oated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a cz epj :2fooao7in si7(d--ug-2 lbe7aertain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substanko z8mb,k:c o8ml* )dhlf-lm7ce that scatters the beam in various directions. If m78kmcl *h l,:ldz- )o kf8bmowe measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l iiix6a05 5fjssa1+ nxp+ (vqnrs incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength o+nxn5ps6 a0rq+jai15vx (si ff the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered fdqsuxe 0j: lg)j 8.s.srom an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle z*ota3x/yxa64; )l qm kntsq(increases, the frequency of the X-r qmkxxylna46 q/t( to s;3)z*aays scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering +l vynyy+md5/ wyv5g2 angle produces the greatest change inym2/yv+dyly + n55gwv wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is do zh ht1dqm.56o hylx71p1r b5wubled, the minimum wavelength of the X-raysmy1rw1 px1ho5.5h 7tdlq z6hb

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible 6* ugzosm. od/wv 7y.jfor it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is r j*ovsg d/ wy.ozm6.u7eferred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wavh-jq65z;dg u helength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher me296*kr 7 gnrw;zj u;w cgw)vbh 4kb(speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if theco qtzao)j,7( y are moving with the same a, (cjo)z toq7speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed yb ,qxt6)pg x:in everyday life is thatt p:b,ygq)xx 6

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an5s:bbq3 jnuy;.8o s rz electron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron micdd3p. emz81n odb5-t/rt d/toroscope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an /e.5bot8dznmd r t13-p do/tdoptical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" indivrpj-+;p ej*o /+7hdyuwe .vrb idual atomp*/u7 ;ej dvryw hb +j-or+.pes?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the at9 pe/t/ok(-uhhtyx y6xca 0w4om, the angular momentum of an electron around the nuclc 4hyh// o-tyuxa (0epw6k xt9eus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one wherec.mq)f6v izs w* dwmznku ur34-4v5f , n = 2

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35#

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The distance betweenm0 ;;uhsvr-ay:,6k x bo3bjvb adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference 1i.crut oxpu) -py4pf.1( c bccnci u6,grv):between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most iq+j5 n( u .bhgcbm(gn0ntense light emitted by a giant star of u50hbmg(nn q cg.jb+(surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object i;fr r)r6g33tvx /wr;bk 3rsbwith temperaturekr 3g;3 rwr;)fbvt/irb3x6rs $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is c w7z8tw.1h rl :-lccqbarried by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 G3z :ph3y0d l7prc 5jqf g 7vr(46niqstHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has ener wna6z gy92,phgy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?w6a 7 *p/f-tqs0 ;e;obcqfpa f

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of rerocl0 oe1h3d2f0nuc ) d light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelength v+5 af :vi1fdp 5pdbg4660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapo;xyol:emmu45: l- 2i(.odej*cqjy ,vg y* gxxr lamp? (Assume that the lamp's y,q cd go- xmx;5i l*j.j42eeom :(y:ul vg*xylight is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5;.teqp;rg7yh11 budntu;u 1 w eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength ;eu;ty1 . h p1qntwgd71rb;uuof light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metaiylvlzw6- ege/t,v;p i84nw2l surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the wor,n;teilz- vev/p6 w w4ylg2i 8k function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal)j 8tojd4tcs.r d*3sj surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequencyj.)4jtdr s8*3 to sjdc?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppi9n kxh,rmht djk( 4y+m-ab -9:jzvlu1 ng potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kineti1m9y,+zra4j -9j-k lh vduh m :ntxk(bc energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal jgn+l 5 gc d*/;:fcutmwith work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make g5ug:f+ nclj/; d*tmc the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelengqr2 t*v39sdr /w4glut9wu 3 6ihatc- yth s2 rh /9 s u3wqt9l3dt*c4it wau-gvr6yhift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. Th hu1lum 4 v*f0 scj2d.i4exb5ke wavelength shift is 5.2bm*1uix4l 0shufcv e4dj kobserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.0xvs46+e ;ensi 8 r,g*qfnz :a2 rfr4yz0100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What isn4gn4:6 ;sv r*rx q, 8zfia2s+eeyz rf the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelengu s1u viaek-a0s (v99zth of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 msavu0zs-k9 ( vei1a9u/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speedl6zjape*f9kqg - ms c,dk/; e1 of 30 m/kf jg-kcq*z; 1e p96s, delam/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matrz:m8ms b(/vfulp7q*g j :q w)ter wave associated with an electron moving with a speedj):gqufmb r(l7qs* :p8wz/vm of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential nn 8j) m83m vgu(bjv9udifference of 150 V. What is its wavelennb(39m8nvgjmv )u j 8ugth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is acceler olos:ojjx a 1gqjg3j1vk(;+8 ated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelength?;o1ljajj+j1kg : 3osog8(v qx

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerae+xic p4di-jy: - gn/qted by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its mome/n ie+c g:diy-xp4qj-ntum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differenc66w1p oi(fjo fe of 100 V. What is its kinetic energy(fjp 6o1wfoi6?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength -u3mcx76ym bbof $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 1 fnie74q fm9qse-g 4qnm. What is its energy in eV? (This energyeq4s7 fi q4gn19eqf-m is not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5o5hdrm*hi 6-.fyza /c state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of ther/ y .h6fhd a-co5i*zm emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is - rwe;3y (xb nb ry0ifzfi7lj4 /g*n8v213.6 eV. What isxy0 f ny3enrb j7f2gvwi 84 z/;*b(ril the energy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs exvk7l1 p w(yb9i-o/q a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make 9e7p1qov -y/k wb (ixla transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral v3y4zu70 5ay k3rry4 cyhme1 .ibo(y xhydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization eneruilw8/ o ,yb7hgy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from sa4 )n ngyn-am0tate n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the enlr4-03t a9 yv42zodvegl2m nu ergy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state n lvdvl9aye2mtn-r3 u044z o 2g = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the :hu9i t tf7ew0v1ewg1energy difference betwe1 fuw tvhe0t ewi9g71:en the two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton/q4/ wgbc 1 9,c parptvf0r/uz in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavele// p 9rptzg,u brccfw4 a1q/0vngths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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