Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT,xi .1mihjxu-pae02pjds- 3) r the electrons are emi d-s)2. 3rjxiixa 0 pejum-1phtted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sys9tew1)d hdj j)tem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is ass *zoc) :4tzjcyociated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequby *guxpvo8 95ency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's co. wn(/ue/zbx qak u:v3a)9kuv nstant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant hat b79ewq ((epok.ge 1vs a value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thdi3e,0kwcyf-p, z0 p l8 ,yqglat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an ai*rrx5j;lon4)gmb 2 bccurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depe wnkrl9 xc*.;*bsea+s nds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by whmt0. +*0 zo/:a 8usokuzvyr r jhnrk-,at factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photons3znv , di)stn+?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explai3tbd1 t2)qcwjy; m8znnable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in bp3w /6s5vkom the photoelectric eff5kpos3bwv / 6mect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the followinu4ec g391 +.zg *vhz5s lp-ps7wqsfurg?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deld r9ub4 ss(hc9iver the same power on a surh4( 9brsudc9sface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue2 .vofdywfb5 do0ccbawfw21 t 8n3(9 g light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the ob89d3f vtn1o(wc0gf .5adfc22 w w byintensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of wu5 n.66hw.;xjaclu wqf3*b xp-iab0frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequencyl-p6.*ub afcj0a3 xwqwu5.xw ;in6bh of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance t6-fy+em5w:7ik d fw cmhat scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelefe56fy+kc 7ww :midm-ngth of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, t(ohnwxz,+nf9v- imolp;f 7 z o sj5q41here will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle lor0p, ( t k9 td4amvg3*uwns*increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at that angls(9g0 *mpa v 3l* wtu,okr4tdne

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces t)cu cs(nu; )oc1xz w,m8.aznj he greatest change i)sanuzm8xc,coj. z( )nc u1;wn wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in ar1 3 iftn//.pgkye gxr )l;xa,n X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the r/x.n)r l3kagpe fig xty, /1;X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, i0i;rau0n0rp nuu.l, dgu8 b/gt is possible for it to interact with the matterp ni,nb0dg0rru .;u8/a g0 uul in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, ibjj1t2gf dt)byvv) ,5ts de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accen (c6 ,fgulbcuf+.f1slerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest waveyds1 m+se l+3qlength if they are moving with the same s dlss3 1+eq+mypeed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed hs:9iy vp8hdpz)px 9/ v7gi *j bns8r8in everyday life is thatx pzihd8p sp*8r:9 )igvnj8v9yhs 7 b/

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have ogm* sxglx)v8,.+fu a zver a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that pms8qr95+opd ilays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microsdq oi 98s5pm+rcope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capaq .l3/sy az7r2qtb5wvsihalme5 2 y)y5 sh-:j ble of "photographing" individual atomwamv2 sl-i5lze7).hs:y/ 52 q hay5tysr qj3 bs?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angulejuvplkd4 1 (qr7op (7ar momentum of an electron around7u1 4 dpk(l qor(jpev7 the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one qx fod7eef.4 4where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydroyg eqvjrdmd9p j5:aep* +*or ;4k2c5 vgen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy differencl xjpes)t:- ve7qx;v/ e between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most( cp1to e )ce9sn )uswl,afrs/; 5;npd intense light emitted by a giant star of s5l ur;/ o9ndasecs1; (stf),n)wc p peurface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an objekfmrb* , zi7x)ct with temperature r*zmi ,b f)7xk$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by ajqvtbeyca4s *bdm/.ot012 ,3usz m ;z photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequencynqy(t+h 8s)vt3x i7ot of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic81;.kbzwo/5t iacajf,pqe k - radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagneti6nx/di.n.rhv469.u lyu wst yc radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength zin,a0 nq sdhb31- zvp+ 1pa2z640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carriedzw1--7 uddvuax 3le9d by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume ebob2k *zv ahxjdcp -k1 p6 4ij+5d9w4that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of waveleng4 dv+5z*i4bp-oj kweph j9cx2 6bk1dath $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of tshvyp4yg 7bv x6i fh4)-8a gg,he photoelectrons if g-yvxh 44ih ),afg68 pb vs7gythe wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on ; exy 9oj8k(ulq3 rg(tfir*n7a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelect83gu((x; yf nqrr *t9i 7oekljrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppin wp9+dn c-x(io m8z7dqg potential of the photoelectrind(+ -m wd9zpox q7c8ons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelen 0+sabc)2 f8qtixj s(ogth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential o02j+)xs8sa(it f ocqbf the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of 2k2xfjy;,xhh a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential i2 kh,x;yj f2xhs required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 97v7co3eksw; -fi lnf;0e. What is the wavelength shift? vfi k;7wf3e7o-s l;cn

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. Thb7)w*xbm ig3tbchl.9 e wavelength shift is lbt9b.7gm3w)cxi hb *observed to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nxxxwuk3ucd /-k8k +2-jxljf0n+ 1u t km are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is uul+w kjc1t knj/dx xu kfx3 kx80-+2-the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of theo *hn(+erhv4t s1o-v- oh+t 1hy c7thw matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a spt+ os7 eh yhoc(nr-ovtht+v h*14hw1-eed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g mov 8l.ra72pnf9uu1sqc ps ,2cw king with a speed of 30 m/s7cws uk1ra. 289nf qulc,pp2s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a roakrc/d*dv6aj*s q 7bye(v2w6 x4x/n electron moving with a speed of vyd2o4q7 *d /k66sv( ac/ea xxjb*rwr $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accele/y flaf ;8,qsurated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelf;8 ,/falusyq ength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerak3vv7yuya .jab2; a*s ted by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its wavelength? y ujyaavvk37b;a* 2s.

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference oswf)9 ujxbvu(m7*k 8 e6-ekb6 gpw;lxf 100 V. What is its momentuv(b6mx w8ke u9-7ju6wxk* egbp);slfm in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential differeg:g 3j 1i,f pc*qmvfm/jc9jb(nce of 100 V. What is its kinetic enerc j:gg9mpfmc/i,b3q* j1j ( fvgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelexaahie*q- 7o dtw+h/9ngth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nmpg j en i:q( *8efv4zf:p3x5kzp6lb(i. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in j zfg6znvbxfkie:p* 48p (e5p:li q(3the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n cty0bm po /gws2 jhk9p(f113h= 5 state to the n = 2 state. Whajtypfsmp9ch( 0bh2/w11 k og3t is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its grour y;9pc sd7sh5nd state is -13.6 eV. What is the h95sc 7;rdpys energy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the g.8alua lsqm w0 ju-)2uround state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a tranu2 . au0l)j8qs- uwlmasition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization 1ghrmm itj4*7h 9p/uaenergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionized h u,2 zrb5xyg 4iwou5 39cqoqq4elium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

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In making a transition;y; obh2c/v/:q paz eq from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of tjo)2d4 yha7 rsqmm,3the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in sd)sthmy 7ar om3j,q42 tate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy diw0i -jlz2)sr sfference between-sr0 w)s il2zj the two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in ani(c z):lkj7 dc orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's d (zc)7kijl:cde Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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