Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as foun -rzq 13kou. xlszzk*+tj,.mjd inside a CRT, the electrons are emit zlj*qzrk3 u+ oj m-zs1,x..ktted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an idea::co* g f8l-pdexgjdze61*q77 kl otvl system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectkd:w f3kax 6zr-;dpg1rum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon g;/o2habbab xx3n/5w oives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI u 0nl6h0+0ab,c1 td )ec ziw .ztunqsu.v/y:ax nits of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value ok-lx qa,iz:7 80 ;tu*4h lcia,voauwv f

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle 7p d5xwlgylxxv1v8,c ,h4 6ndthat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the followigt;;k6t :l8.(hlm bvgbo o+i :l6uzps ng is an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon dependsa8 t.g *1ifz.jt9w rta on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does its ener*k e i8hl8c d (01r4.oramcvw*+kesbb gy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photon3:*wwnr:g5bex vj e,is?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable as55;j hnnheifoi3.m xo . .- g)dvdyn9asuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron o-rerwwxh2s t+ly/tmp )9x7. from a metal's surface in the photoelectric effect, the photonlw rh+ym t9r2 sp tx)/.owx7e-'s

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of t 9p;,kgbquf2phe photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each den0e(tpdh8u h :3 dicl7liver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the gre:8 dehp7hd t(3nu0ilcatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are +,3yz1sg0v lqglmn6gejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity ofq gn6,mvy+sl3l 1z g0g the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of fr l-)a:euh,t8 ywrri( 5vf-qjbequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various d5, lbye(tqi :u -rvj r-fa)hw8irections. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters thelcoe)/r2lai 0 3z s0rt beam in3)/cirel to0rsl 0z2 a various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from all.,oc8/q+ dso7eb ytn electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency of t5ym n/ylks b8/7v s2zche X-rays scattered at that alym5ns 2cbk/7 z/vs 8yngle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the greatek0 p-g8yvt c(est cha-g0tc vkep8y (nge in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an o)y v(iw5d g;fX-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the X vdgo5();fi wy-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it -d)hts/ t.qg)+me lujto interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; thijqls+/h.ttmdg )) - eus interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Brogliebr:9 (d.osknv wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in i)yvcvr,e h-* bts

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wawpt71 m.. pgjvvelength if they are moving wjv 17gpw mp.t.ith the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is /cac8x54imq wnot noticed in everyday life is xm4i5cw8cqa/ that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might r)e3 zt qlekm+ 6s3*zlan electron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as o57,d pgwr j+nthe lenses do in an optic5 w j+ngpr7,odal microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes ism .jm*0l5e rnf capable of "photographing" individual atoms?.elmj0r5fm n*

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron x4rw9mheo 3 j;2a:hvqaround the nucle:;e hqhw vxj2m49roa3us

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where n e5,e/r h tr .me(ii;to= 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atomb c : jxqf8-+;.bskmcy

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii i ;hvf40i6q( a ahphx0dn a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intenh 8h11xqr8tznolt )5 ase light emitted by a giant h1n81 8lhtt 5arxqo)zstar of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from a iudk 8 v d7m-p/dmb1ny z6oc)gfga((:n object with temperat6kb -amcu( f)nzg ddo8d1gv/:i m(p7 yure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequenck0e o-z3hfl ic (: p5sa)wsd(ky 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?amf k2d1ejd0u/ +qu8- kay5-3ts aog s

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic *cf v2oo3 u7axn0 g5bpradiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has zsv+0q0(nccl an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having waveleze+c9.: vyn 9-lllg4a nrxgz 7ngth 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in jouleswpit6w9 )iy b6t,36ay t3whnz, is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lad y;g; x4g-jl(2 a 4l2wkjmgafmp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of waveleflx -y2;4aj 2 alg;gmj4kw(dgngth $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5egmtiw3 1nk x7/e +veg3 lx 23n1bnvx4 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the pho1v3e+3e m/g k3xlg 712nxin xwbv 4tentoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is 099quwbk7t2jww uhp, incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What pku9ww0b27 qwt,uh 9jis the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelengm0.s/aou)lrgsvx( b71ir iz3 th 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequ xrsro.b1ui( )iml7 0z a/3gvsency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfacsw rn5qsi **w4e, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is ths i5*r q4*snwwe maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surfacrw, 2b5 zk8-j+p iyrcee of a metal with work function 2. ip8-bkczw5 2+rej r,y50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's oib s(uv 3kd9uh);l ,i+a/ycxscattering is 90e. What is the wavelength sh/k b 9a3i+xv (,hulo;siyc)duift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.2g2)0 c yir fl6fovp8g,0 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is o,8 lf y 0g2vi6)pcofrgbserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free el bsus8p3d +zh*ectrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each d*s3z+8phsu brecoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matsrr:u;s vp393dfg)eyw,)evc; 2zy mc ter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with y,syvw3 ee;u2d pc3 vrmfs9 ;c:gzr))a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed ofw ji1x y77rbq* 30 m/s?xby 71q* irj7w

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron moving with a98v/nox 0xxivu6b 7h a speedi/0xbvhovx96 8 u anx7 of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is acceleratedu66w qb.k0t7r k-gww g,:qndx through a potential difference of 150 V. What is its,gt k wuw. 0 6d-7gxbnwkrq:q6 wavelength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potentm ./rhco.exp 8vz st3/ial difference of 100 V. What is its wavel tc/zo3sxp e. 8v.rh/mength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its t2*. e8syb ykoaqe3l0 momen2* kas3eqelto0 .y8bytum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differenc:dvzfv 20w:pq zi zs 7ql78j. zf0qun2e of 100 V. What is its kinetic efn02:j8:. 72 qqzuqiswzzv7 l zv0fdpnergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength s3m(cz7k jdfzzwg2 ,k( j5wc4of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its ene4 q)nfy9t3r ulrgy in eV? (This energy is not u4nfr t l)39yqin the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydudyi qu a(-7s5rogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emq-( 7ud5yusi aitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy ofpap t/ml(jevd,u-gge3;lc*1 the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the ent 1(*/l e dp e;ulc,aj-gmp3vgergy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon 5gdo8g ghs kgf( -)dhy-,d,rq of energy 12.09 eV. To which state,d8 f yghkdrs(- ogg,-ghdq)5 will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of m:7qn) t 7cfon ti7g0nthe neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly iosubxyta d 05u -:y(q0gnized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 tt 2zq0*c0wpd co state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogea (f2un7s ruy;(lb8 qvn atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in stateqbnar(f7;(s8 ulu2 vy n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser iefk6 dt7 ;y4ph1jr3n8j9 tts gs 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in pjs h8;ekdt617yjr tfng93 4t laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterize xu k-p)x24w7cv9xep sd by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit intos2 u 7v49xxw)pep-kcx the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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