Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found iucjn/p4j t(i8a py sn()9jj0gtz y) 1c7n,lm lnside a CRT, the electrons are nltu nyns(gj47c zjijm9 (8/j ,p 1ty) 0pal)cemitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal sysl k i5ke:bp r4z0o*x8btem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visibl l0mc.r dkm;yuw)5m 8re spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given phot.q gmj :ittjxkqy96y3 .x/5g j0vr* wz;b6s uhon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's :odzr:sq j4(uconstant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valueq w+c 0eiv:fp5m3g: sp of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlemn/ wihd (v;fjky0d gww/ nd)up/() .u that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate s 6eu9k7 ccq0c4 hd2fjvtatement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends 4amz/p3c+maa 0xejt, on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factt1;1910mrb jmxfa xlyor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energcw 4)x:nl /+roc;8tdtn hk)rgy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainablezh4twv tih ,7( assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to ewb4jla1aaydj6hg-0jwn 94 b zu.x ,b, at07teject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelec7u0z,1l0e a9 tn dawyb.bagx t,wh4j4bj6a-j tric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends pt92md3mhrt;xb k:q+rd2 ;ppon which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deli7vw(ikn.7kxeougf(1k o0tj4/ bw c f:ver the same power on a sur u vxfnkb1kg0w4to jk/f: w.(7eo ic(7face. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated wic51) siom(dnmvxc ie8iu 47a0 th blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejec5x (4cnsim0c i1i 78ovmau)edted

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident up.g we. yvfh-f**-excoon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we meax --f **weeohc.vg.yfsure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substa(yj)3ken ufcdm/5.i once that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we wico5m ()3.d fuj/eyi nkll find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be anuwqsz+g:gk: j d8j2v(rfz2 ;b increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, 4mm-sck3z5*fkjb os5 the frequency of the X-rays scattered at -s jmkf kzs4*b3ocm 55that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the gf-ke6rzr 3q;hapufjd)0 u,o) reatest cha k) r)uepu3f-jf z0,6hodaq;rnge in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doublcnx 2xzfse:m s : tpcz00,2t53x8jxvqed, the minimum wavelength of the X-razx qxjv2fn 03 , :s2:sp5cezttx80xcmys

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possib( u g0imosw31dcq;oh/le for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positr/0m 31hdioscu(;owqg on are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, itsypsc9kv0z1h ) de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher qbg(8 q7w.r jgspeed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallesmfqv)bcds uv1h a, )36t wavelength if they are movicvfvs,u)q1m3a b6)hdng with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike natur :h36twovouu cah;k7 jpq+a. 5e of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is t6:o3 h.qwca hjuap5k 7ou;+tvhat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope )a h0(:4kt5hbi o rup u9lojb6have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron micjajihw 7f1) jrvv*;+d roscope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microsch afv;7 jr1wv ji)jd+*ope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing(c mpxn...ls alk 7rq9" individual atomsx.(q.lmlnpck . 7a9 rs?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of c4z)cvm t .bnycb +5f;an electron around the bzfn.b5 +vc;ymc)ct 4nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where 2hg;8-o9u 1 6eo3iu cdvtiihgn = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacenn/ qs di8l/t)at orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a.jggafh 9u0ujq3 (bnh8zn o 10 hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the mo lj 2+ff3r7vd:6qzn zm obur46st intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperature 50f+zmb6f32o d6qzr: vrnjlu 7400 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an tj, b9i692d sujs tx1cobject with temperatijtcu9ss ,2 1dx6b9jture $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a pho mvdw03a) xdwg x5s5+tton with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy is carried by a photon witqr z a;sv1+5j pwdx.ik;85dcsh a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has ensnvi.33lf 2 lw /c)dweergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?e ((vev:qb( uf

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light havizqkh309kuk1q ji :u6rp*btpu ,) f-r hng wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joules, is carried by a p mtw)nmk*aba3 9 1pg+ghoton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a kh(v-(:ap jpwl u05 yv50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and ofjl(a(0hwkyup5 : - vpv wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. gr ,qm.(3 myl s9jvp4 *gyz(ofFind the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of o4. sgy qrl zv(gy3(p9fmj,m *light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metahfw0qaln;bspa 70lx g4* h1p ;l surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of tqlahsnapx; 0p47l0f1*b; hwghe metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 3517z zzcpel9 t/0 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of p1lz79/ ctzez the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelecvfi4a pzqo0 2e:6l9j5xm8x s ngth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of thqs02ilaoe xj6z9vfxm8p 4c5 : e photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with workh 80bko-vkopa8e4uo+h 9)a(iixzm s8 function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0 ia8ioo)pe89 8ozaxsk bhh (m0 4k-uv+-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. Whatzd97c (5 hura:ogt(rbfm7wg 4 is the wavelength swu :zct795o(m rgd7 rf4hgb( ahift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are s 7qsmo 16aks2xcattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed q 7ak xs61mso2to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a waveleow +w9gil 2;wpwll cc-tbu3:rt0 i-4sngth of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each reco:; u tl ocwg42- 9i wwrpsltb+-wi03clil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wavok44w(jh:k hhpz d(b 1e associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 w h 41kb (o:ph(hdk4zjm/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ba,c:86 a/z) ppygefy4nxw mvf,ll of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 ,aczw6,n)efmpv yg8 4f:yxp/m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with /;jry/y k ky bkhgks8h.a/;o)an electron moving with a speed h/bk.y;yh / k8s;k kjgr)a /yoof $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What idgy.e(.qq fm 62)mtsh5 xr/ lei4(h7f edpg4 as its wavelength?pqfy4)e7fghdrl6 /4emh. (ax2m.tqsge i(d 5

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference ofkp6 *hdqmvx4hqi.6 9yt/sm) j 100 V. What is its wavele)mhx 6k/mij*q 9 dsh 6yq4vt.pngth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its vqq: t1s 1pc0pmomentum i1c0pstpvqq : 1n $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is b2 c4mlz *j-n:xgutl+ its kinetixb gl-2cjlu mz4*:+tnc energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 ehgg0+ k:s f+fkg has a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength ofrnqq25b66dpd s *sba 2 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in bdsqnb2ar *q6 5s6p2 dthe relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transitionzu uljy9 +0x4e from the n = 5 state to the n = 209xzu+je uyl4 state. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 e t.o9u ule0o8(u( hfqrV. What is foe lq.(u ru89uh(t 0othe energy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 1 2pknpjx4 kkn;8 s5teh5 d0j0o2.09 eV. To which state will the electro8p55jphsokn;4 t0jn 2x 0de kkn make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogenud;ux;8/sfyv,w t b :i atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionc fqu68 u3vgkc)v m+d1ized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from ssdl;/q;o6i 6stm ;bsitate n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of t ;j2v ac47; 5de1nradauzk( lbhe hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energ1;;u rd ev akadb5( an7zl4c2jy in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is y lf6ai;q ah)5694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser afy6);5haqal i ction?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbg4rl.3dcrgk bu5ackk p+sd *b:, 4qb *it characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the ci4d ,grbk* skba lpqd+ gc4.5u3*k :rcbrcumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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