Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the elem6h/95/ tgkq bxr6ejg i* p3cpctrons are emittc*xgqg6p9p/5tk/j b i re hm36ed

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal syste3v kj8c f387+/ h.ysa4nirt iqsw8vujm that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is assoc (93o*z2 z zzy0qldngwiated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frezcl9 ( 7yzixn1)e,qxgquency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's r.zed g/h 3.-ny-lvq 66efeofconstant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value bhinri xk3e() lg x (h:2;252ndxjonm of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thajrnsxgzb- y/ki:csjum.)p: e 5) i5l9t

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is;(cfpp-txyht 6,e7 rr an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends oyloc 6:j b k2:.qflc/nn

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, wn y3t,uw 4rb9by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy/ch uskohm. f,ob9 kwo09 og8o2-zq a- photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect1pj1)ocuswo e27bcbb p:k 03e is explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a meta.glp2rwm; -(c9y5 fohnflg g83i rg f(l's surface in the photoelectric effect, the photon'sw-2 pg o;c8h(3g9g.g rlf(frif5n yml

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the folz-mc+k 1s qy30;epxljlowing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each delixqao y75)uyr 6ver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitt q5)oy6 xuray7ing the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons bzm4jq)nh1 8hare ejected at a given rateh8n)41mz h bjq each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of fxo/dd. 8dst-)ekng/ +f /mcec r t)*mrrequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions.g/o+kexcc rms) dtd8 net /-m)r*df./ If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a l 8ugsyeik fu 5)w c9b3)lrb5zik-6y 9substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelei)e-5iw9kky 6z9u3fbg8) b clu ys l5rngth of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase in itz4* :amoo/kozs

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the sv*;h ukq3v2supbs 2p 8cattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-ra3uvp2v;h qs8 kpsu2 *bys scattered at that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle pro ttz4x+a kz;4l30yqmbduces the greatest chankq30b+mtz4zl ; 4yxtage in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimumj9pk4f (bh wm:so2nm7s 9x; wm wavelength okhwm ox:w( m9 ;j27sn9smbf4pf the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to int hzg5.wvre0 g1jt, wwo*+za9keract with the matter in such a way that an electronkwo jg09*gert.wz5hwv1+ za, and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Brosq i5-u6c dl oo0ld**nglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease7xp l*8 s3jgmu in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength isipd*bf (2,sz f they are moving b sisd f*z,(p2with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not notiu o. 4- kvn .8ds uin0s(w+lf1mhoa0ucced in everyday lifeahn u 0u 8i. mfscnok1.u4l0 wo(+s-dv is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light microscope zxfb*mfby.:0 ?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same r*2qsokt, kae+ ole as the lenses do in an optical eq+ak, * okts2microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the followingletya6ysl zi 9e:4(o5 microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomoi54lslazey e(t9:y 6s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angujn /0a)kjmsy 1g 4x)puqu:k s8lar momentum of an electron around the nucleusms)yuak: 8kugnpq0/j4 j)s1x

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one /j+n8svutlz n le* u9b8ryr w- ,xd1a)where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a w1* p:c9:iel m8pxf )g) 9r rtla*thzdhydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a h.qi zfv3//3 cks0wlpsydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corre.latdtl ikv(ym-z32(/9 sebs sponding to the most intense light emitted by a giantksv 39(ls2a .i/mtzlebty (d- star of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an objeoaai8/ l jc3ww, df/r*ct with temperaturef a/, /ro *3ijdawlcw8 $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a phos f.lkyso2g b85y3r ;,hmxc*u.yx;u lton with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a fr .nor)0wfct 3;iaef a- ,)8y (avslgzjequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiad yo-c.y z9 rf,x2k,nwtion has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation hasg6mc0p a u-q+s an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 nm?8kq x mz3.7dfk

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelenl rqw/cz(m+u)+5 umdxh4 op-xu1v( fh gth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted blilf.ne g9l)0 y a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochrei)0lf. g ll9nomatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 e) -a0 /psnbm mviu8)tfV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength ofmi8a-nv u )pmf/t )sb0 light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a7ea(w5pbui,l ;w7 ql a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work uelil(q5wp 77 w; aba,function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the s/a z4*tp xbcd5topping potential of the photoelectrons is 04apc5 tbz/xd* .500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 3g(ab*/v jvk 3 5tri mkp:7 h/mim.2guo50 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectj omgivvr /(ki*t:m. ap3 g/k57buhm2rons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic lightofev 8r * h6gb8clg ::7skx4ta is incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is requir*8 g:rc4easbh6l:x8 g o7f tkved to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavez myl0k+j(yj pl3,h:u length shl:l+m,kp h(j0yy 3zju ift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattk07z1:t p n77v(ui 43odv v1r vsffujs)0ssyiered by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed toif fj1 k o)3rvz:74dp 707vi1unssv 0(tsyvus be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electronsuwu5egi 8sf 87 at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of eac587gi 8ews ufuh recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of ma33-l 8yti 6 pdkgz8okql2a //:ynhk8 yq snt0sss 0.50 kg moving with a speed onkq8dz-tpy: l0qs8i/thk32 y3/ya ngs 86 lokf 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglia ev8emi s5x -koap+;2e wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 am+5e pxk-8 saoev2;im/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron mru* zo+6ash 1yb fl21:nqxj(roving with a speed ofhl+*j1nx rs:qb1z(fu r o26ay $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential diffe tl 7crjia )o1x/ra7,;a3sqpy rence of 150 V. What is its waveleng 1yar lapa,3to j;)/s7xqcri7th?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. 5li sw1p/ld75ps+ho c poe;8rWhat is its wavelength+;h1rdselo ipo/s87p5lwc 5p ?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What;7t*1tqd rynf is its momentu*ty; 1tnf7rq dm in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 10uua jq sy2yqs d327d 8z:q(s(l0 V. What is its kinetic enerqs( 7qja2d (8dzu:yuyq 3s2lsgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg ht;*iqx wuv 5sq cq)g1+as a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (Te e) -x8 uxrgi+e+j*yq.juw.mhis enerem )8*gju rjweyuix +e. .-xq+gy is not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atal4v)n gcbn.3z ;uq d9f xmh7.om makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength dbl .fg zcma3ux4q7.9nnh; )vof the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state t)pg.vsr.4 5 -eagelk1 l,wuk is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n lgeutvr ek -p)a w5 ,gk.l.s41= 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.0r6i; sb6x pvcwi2e y,,9 eV. To which statxrv,26y ;w,cibpi6e se will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutralw6 qpqh )7y/mf( v)kpa hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energ bybbm +.ux c(;q6;invy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state+u vguoqr r)l37c.j b0 c(4wa0+iwuxc n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom isx(60o1g.m rr do;gw64v;apc ogojaw( -13.58 eV. What is its energy o4 j;(g0pa rggwxod6r vo.mawc1o6;( in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy di lbp0oh5h1xtrd 3d,w (fference between the two energy states involved in 50(wdxbho,l t1rphd3 laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit lykn0 ky e)p s*jz1/0fcharacterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumferencey)y kkzlnpf *0es1j/ 0 of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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