Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inw wy5,0pbe8pcz ,b4j eside a CRT, the electrons are emitpw0yeb4epjb,c5 ,w 8 zted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal/ e /mc97myjyk system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest + s2szg/: szajle 1og;temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a givg9in( aib286r ;gc sg8) jjmxyen photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant3e6gn a6x4z etr25fwin vpn;j gw0 ;;h are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a va e -jnyg isxo 3w:.*yhn9 dj(*4.-wsd+fclmlflue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thate h7a56mx/x oe

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate stg9h6, )zje ui:.q ghptatement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon d2fni 8 v0vnd.q0ynl-jepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor doeiel x6hjt .ul. ux. 8ocz6z;0hs its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energ7c c wlav562 2fi.j6nhh;svbd 4oae(qy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect i3wt,k b klvelsn1b/:*s explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface smv- i/7*ebalin the photoelectric effect, thei e/la-bms*7v photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the f 8cic -nos1b t4lz3hh3ollowing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliv*f /0gs7vo/ef)w zcbye-,hiqer the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per g qef7*/- ew0bs/ hfvci,ozy) second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illumig53d3vwz as9ga12 zk95mx otxnated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If thev wz3sa9 mz t35kx9 g21dagxo5 intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of fbuf 01 w87y4uub4r hzgrequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequencz bgurbu0u148 hyw47fy of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters thetrar; :l6 4det beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we wiad:e; ltrr4 6tll find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an k2 yayx)ap1z4b(ek u7electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as o,ygx+tdx 94(k +agiz the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at tox+x,9gk+g y zta i(d4hat angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what sca yr a:0ra*8vlittering angle produces the greatest change in wavralyi8r: * 0vaelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doub /1zo ozzw;im/led, the minimum wavelength of thzm iozo;/z/w1e X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for i qqd9i/3gt1 lst to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a posdlqst91/ 3qgi itron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wavelengx +k*a- ;aatj-xj4pqxth

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is acceler(wjm1dfuk-x*md kv ; i63i qb;ated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wa5ceg yk+lb,c;ha8x 6jvelength if they are moving;chya bclj+ 5,e86kgx with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelied /o tw8- n*-ycd5x:wlfzmt ,ke nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is t-ddlen/ztmo *-5w: c wt x,fy8hat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light mitxa /v e6*xu7fcroscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same ro+nsi328z5/ tprd flax le as the lenses do in an optical micros atlrd x38i zf/25sp+ncope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographecgmjr zv,wn*wotp3.t; 3;(uing" individual atoms3*v.g zt3wj;c ;(t or,nwume p?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, to.w)i gj)uki0he angular momentum of an electron around tkw)j0. go)iiuhe nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one where n = .do p;; :kn3vtw4+c6az ivyem 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacen sx;mqg87nj/bupqo; gptstv0. l1;b 7 t orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference bet;uw0axct m6dqvl(qug *e21j +ween adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength correspo *2mac5o xthl+nding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperatut ao25c+lh*mx re 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of t6dk mzmk.8ote9x os)5he most intense radiation from an object with temperatus)d9t86x5k k eo zo.mmre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon witb(2kyo)m7cd3 tmuid3n yw9 3.apc7 b4 rh r(cnh frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a f vhhylgt-gd,m+yjy c9v7*qj 3.z*xv 2requency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has energy ozq 2d/7ilw:0w s5ayl$4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagngrt; fv0hw w3(e;xz/j zyo88betic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of rebku9myzcv)fbn2) /dwz.4d p) d light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavfl/m ty(x q4n(4hjh+w elength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vaporydbs12ah(p s/sc/ w u,sc1oc wk--du- lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic a-/c sh2wa ko1(cup-d-u1s ycw/d,ssb nd of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum 9 jqhps;)eg9s8 0z5 kynvhf +kkinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wave)0zn+kk q99f8j sghp5h;syvelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on rsry;jj::j 7j a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of j:; jsyjr7: jrthe metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppingg--mz nmlhbq87d jn(lmf* xt6,ugn4 5 potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. Wh gl-nqmfx4gjb*n-mz 7t5 (ul h 8nd,m6at is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surfbae0tqnou i3h.4 pk4,ace, the stopping potential of the pb ah 03 tq4ui,n.e4opkhotoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident os2 f d6,xyqt2 :isfou1n the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V s 26x1 qy2usfiods :f,ttopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e.am3 e9bw .ebebt8x57 i What is the wavelength shi3 tw 79ea8bx.bimbee 5ft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. Thej2 :b**/vr pbl hgpjs0w+mss( wavelength shift is observed to b*+gb2p *brh j /0jv wmssl(ps:e
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by f( coh6x ss+nw9ree electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic enerohcw+69(nxs sgy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the mamreptgo9,10p)z qqt * tter wave associated with a ball of mass 0.50 kgqe9p0 z) tgr1q tpo,m* moving with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a spwp1a qsl: x8me.nv -2leed of 30 m/s .ml:x81pwlvn 2 qe-as?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave ((a(yjm:+z cumn;f ukassociated with an electron moving with a sfyn;ak((c j(uzu m:+m peed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential diff2eg/qr g- t5( m)qtpfference of 150 V. What is its wavelet)(qreq g5fgmf -2/tpngth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. 8-fm-yd+gt( ks j ;n zaep8z4r What is its waveleng8 j + m4tzng-a(dk;zs-p8erfy th?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differen;73eg/ agszswye, 4p hce of 100 V. What is its momentum iey37ea /zpgg4;s, shwn $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by s- ,iiplo f:kkun31m3 a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetkkp - :3nl,suf31ioi mic energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a waveleng8a;1:3yjw u1exxwbw mx 0td(k th of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. Wha:2 mkdh9b: pukgryo)6t is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativh6p r) :k umbgd:oky92istic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transitionr fv+/xndo0g9 gxrf-0aki0 w , from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. W/fid fo 9n+gkx-0 0w gr,av0xrhat is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy o+rifcvkdo 4o4o 4/3 e5. cfg :ua(ygzff the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n = 5 stateayfgvofdruc54/ g+ez( :3o .4iof4kc?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy jfi;h/btq . f-12.09 eV. To which state willbt -f;j.f qi/h the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydro 5p.9.sbrlymrnl7 o 80uthy7 ogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singlygx z r0i:1mf)a ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, t0b9 8+m.v pg gfvdcq5kiab8lw,ey:f8*/ln qnhe hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eVmhxkw2i( 33qdvfw1 un lq1da (pj),e ). What is its energy in state n = 2? 3) e(qkfia1uhdmj1 qdw( w2)lx,nvp3

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser up2evdgg 085l is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in lle0 puv gdg285aser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single pro:a+e n q5eja/h9ftb5cton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit ince f5qh5 :/neat+baj9 to the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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