Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of acceleratin)wzj+m d(k 4nqrfah (8g plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emij(h 8)4(kdnfmaqw r+ztted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal s/ 9h6re7*prhewp5q sh+r xzd +ystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest tem) mzuwngu7 n 6dh,;o7jb* c3mr4mx .zmperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequ8ap : 6dhjua xq50t0y,8swy ouency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck'nxrt,1ozsc6y5dyq ,dl 3wr72 s constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value oj(4wvku tfj:c4ufb pqy8/z7)f

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlsjut xz62lc ;krq. 7qp fv40.oe that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an acxco) ex*n xrss njrq((z.*i 28curate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photonr mi(ko:i 3 1hk2/rwillv o/z7s)8tzz depends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor does /j9:rze i(m 9q ht:6y:njp ypmits energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has tesa2u +j6gged k0 5sq,3 df3grhe lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainableke an 5d aen+0;;z)qq*fgp ,ot assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photu f m/di*ygpb*/w1fa6oelectric effect, the photon/* 6p/fwb*i1 gdfamu y's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the6/cyam v0ih +sy1 )0enyclz8 i following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and o66oxmj+:vqd a beam of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surfa :ox6m6qodj+vce per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue lig e t12-y hahv(dzlh1/ght and electrons are ejected at a given rate eazyth(d/h1 avh -el21g ch with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frsu4e; 5n;+ns mb.clg fequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scatter secslfnmg5+; ; bun.4ed X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substn-p50ayz3 bc(qoo: lcance that scatters the beam in various directions5co( a3ly - qocp0znb:. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase if3 i*8 :wlccb0 9fdvvfn its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angaur,1go 63yq )dlwa:q le increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at tha6au:1gwqa)3qo, d yrlt angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the l(c(e3lxfy3,r z 9px(ojmr) u greatest changep3)r(fxj e col9mzly(r (ux, 3 in wavelength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltamc y ,-c n70 sqebf)dc43h.qfavrd -*kge in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength ofrh mf-d7vdfq*cq,-ecykcna b0s34) . the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through mattek1 ii*3 hlfbl (z;scfm8ajrlr3; b6f2r, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to r 8lfr jasf6m;f*l1;k3 czli3hb(i2bas

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faspks6 rx0o. ax:f) nv7mter, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is 3h+4w+3ddf-oeztxqq6j2h z ba decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would v)im( (hq7qnw0h k2 xjtend to have the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same sp2xh hvn0jkqq (7 m(w)ieed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike7rrf2tr yrw-247cvf e nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life rf22-ey7v74tf wr cr ris that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a lnbx07akttlmd t3z f99 i 0i(z-ight microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope thaat ua1mak 2/b 54atg)xt plays the same role as the lenses do in an opti g)5a/2 taa a41txbkmucal microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" indivi3txw z:v ,1drkwa/jw(.:; y wnnyjd7 tdual atom k w,d:j7wnwv.xan 13;:y/r(jwzty td s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the pv. -g35)gsdox xrftrj.:j g/atom, the angular momentum of an electron around the nucoxj.g)35x-pjr:vrtf / g d.gsleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an ofymrvs) g21:ix lhhsa4t; . o,rbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydro p 4*:fcb lmd8hmv/e3egen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen a jvb*,nk5;,dcgg( 7k i lb5fcar6b hr(tom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emit;h/ nz cae8yv6 gn8d.cted by a giant star of surface temperature 5000 K.ce/cv 86n ;n8gzyhda?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object w9*0fg/mt5sx z:penpg )gu k l;ith temperat )ggz9s:;lmk5 gnftpx/pu 0*e ure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carrm6tsek kw3l3p 6jyd7mv,;a4+ y7nlu oied by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon wit cc-t9 yhzlh-.r9tb c/h a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of elrz l1)6 k 5sfaqchnrctxfj613:; ,lcaectromagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electrom5sv 62oug w-rqy6j +7sz-wxzq agnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the photon energy of red light having wav1jc)j o (8awtcelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelength5iddu51lpw,a 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by l8 yaz 2k:uwe h6.4aeba 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's li 26y8 e:baeukwh4al.zght is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum0g90c-s2ie1-pkin f 2 n nqviy kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavyn-0sn21ceinq9k pii g -0f2v elength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a meta jsxkn4q: ,wk-ne7z; z ,m8azbl surface, the stopping potential of the photoelecb -x:n ,kj;z7qe48mas, kn zzwtrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 dq/tr0c12x9axoa2 o c tz.(qinm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the thrzdt/r qqo tcc9(o2 .ai0a1xx 2eshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incifhvk9 1d8.bc3qf q lo4w) 6(i lsp0vfxdent on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maxl43( qqsk.d86ob h pvvxf0wc1lf )fi9imum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic lightbk;: - x+maerg is incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of ligh:xma + ekbrg-;t?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What l z*7q /ehxfcjij 5*h*is the wavelength sh7 lf/c5*j xqjhzei*h*ift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shinj5t) ac9hpk9 14ysqmft is observe5h nk94c1asq)mpyjt 9 d to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by freer)35yixp( 7;dlg ybqg electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic energy of each recoil electrbriygyl3(d5 )p7qgx; on?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a bamvic4d k-ykl )6()lx(l w1 xbcll of mass 0.50 kg moving wit klblvw6-)i ) l(41xdc(x kcymh a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball ofo +hc5g/ph r5:xk4,zyes q8hn mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/s?gz ,xh5+co4/e yhq pn8:5rksh

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave assov:g.-czwj c u9ciated with an electron moving with a speed ov.juc- gc:z9 wf $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. Whp8v.) 2 szv a;,1licde2xs* tirc.pkaat is its wavelenakzse1t 2*p. cxapr.2 )i;sclvi,v8dgth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential differ* 2:qeswq )2zvl-vf o-rqdcr 5ence of 100 V. What is its wavelength?c*z-qs :-wolrvqvdr22) f5qe

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V.s+erq d m:h9ek: lr5e: What is its momentum 9r :dr qseem+:e:l kh5in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of gvb1h:+o 4cw*s9ie gl 100 V. What is its kinetic enel+4wb i:19vcoes g*ghrgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg h nq6xwl rmz(1)l fj 7tb279vmxas a wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is itsj: flydi5( rsu :ty,+*gix/mo energy in eV? (This energy is:j /(+oiytr*gi m5lf:y u, dxs not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the68jnqd q ahm821clng) n = h2 1j68ad8ln )nmqcg q2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom *4j)qjcai r lf0a64rs in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is 6 qa lsrij0 r4f)c*aj4the energy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground s m3tvvjy ofgku1ho4a.,*f9m -tate absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electronk 9ft,vmh34o.-f umj1ag*voy make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the n up,mu;/ o3d8yuj ff)lmqm76a 7le5 ;qex3axkeutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ioniaqjl;wfe(/; vj .vzye8m,8 h ml0 *ewm y1akh/zed helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen 0o 4qwqq8b -wgv4*b/hevmx8watom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its e3ut azucg+)m1ee f 2d8*k;,lzhzlh4mnergy in statz4*lucth+zk1g; 2emme3 ),z a8duhlfe n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is tqv;onu j 6lmmw;oo35 t7;; imshe energy difference between thel 3n;owm7; vqos;jt5uio mm6; two energy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a;:bo* 8c 7ahuchaks7w single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit inh*c;bw7oa caus :k8 7hto the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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