Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the elxb0e0ql zqh *j:ang6p7 eig )-ectrons are eminb-* :g e0e p6 z7aqljgqxih)0tted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system tha (eqf09nogv 2bpr +/art

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temp :gp2z( i5xauperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency x5web0w5xz .6;8 pkbchk i/ccfor a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant arc/mcwzsnkvlw2u 55 /)e

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a value +ba:aj 2 2 75w jiigmn0;a7.sjnhuqdu of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle that g r6lu:;rt9zc

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the followingvig -b6cm)1sh8io f)m is an accurate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends on(p* l5qajljk.

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, byhcsb0,rc w s/ h ;vo2w,zud35m what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy phot 7uoytne(comuu *;y:(ons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable azk-wd .x* 0got0 1dwkxssuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron frtp 35abre5ub i2v 8p3dyzdn)2 om a metal's surface in the photoelectric efrdt i83bnv5dez 3 2) ybupp2a5fect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy ofl,y/ .5z jdjus the photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet lige+d rvaz,aq5a95l/b1l w f jq/ht each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam vr/qbezdq59a5lj/lw ,aaf+1 is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue dqgk.-f; fu870tfsb q light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are gfdbsq8 qf;f- 70ktu. ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is in9hxtoa1os9,e/8gpjixyy e5 y xw:5.rt iax/ 8cident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions 9ioy 5hy ew/ j:atxgxy9sp8ai o. x58ter1x/,. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon 3*aztr nm wf0l9- rjrcno-53o a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measurer* nr50 no3zfa-9cmjw t-rol3 the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered 6( d8eco* dmnffrom an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as2wz 7 (768zkwt0pduro;i sr ro the scattering angle increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at that anglp t zzr i;2wuwork87( o6s7dr0e

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scat i zmi7f)ny,zq+a)t3 l f.gx1vtering angle produces the greatest change in wavei3)).7 glx t fzv1 zymn+,qfialength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is dg) x 6r)0bsaeyoubled, the minimum wavelength of s e6gr)yb 0x)athe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to i-g fd gz6e;.-u-*pujhcoqs.cnteract with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are prj.hcg- dug oc.; e6pfs-u- z*qoduced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fasjf7 g:dk-obz 7 1nmr7kcg2y q;ter, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in it wqbf c9h(fh0v)2 z( -krv/ vxbtc0mmw,f 0,ujs

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to sn p13ruq748exxz vtu8:qa 8xhave the smallest wavelength if they are moving with the same speeq x7xe3n :szpxavq8t 84u1ur8d?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball isqgq3he 8 ksum 7nxc .f8ke+4oc0ne /d3 not noticed in everyday linqx8ck gfnhed 34uo 0q8+esk.m e 3/c7fe is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron micrw/p (,/ ouirvu(wxu;moscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope tht;oh ouw *(fc6 1mew1s:tl6zuat plays the same role as the lenses do in an op(w:l6hw*6c tumtoo e z;uf1s 1tical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing2adb: 3gqy2, +y8fbc 2ot3l wnxmye e." individual atoms?c .b:ywy8 3glae2b q2ofe,3mx 2dyn t+

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Boh rwt*-6ud9 )9rw ovymoyouv2 7r model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron around the nucleut2oo do ru yr)v79wuw9 y*6vm-s

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where2x 87rubw c0z; 4 f2pyoac6lba n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbiyoe )ab y 6n7d)gk4da2t radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjace0n6t e 8*6rlhrdmb5bns 5qgt -wx,1ff nt orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponh:u n0pj,wzi k,* sd;rding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of sh :z;0j,rnskpwdi, *uurface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most inten t 85tsnxz15 d0d7a0d-zyv 4ktbs s7qsse radiation from an object with temperatures q sva 5zn4bdkd1z5 xy7s 80st-t70td $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequency-:hv*w:s-xl ode +je d 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried byycfo7g (sve 4- a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has en9mhsi is*2k f.j;tn+) mdvk.lergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromj 55qevg-g8 k-vz2 zug9n frm4agnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the photon energy of red light havin5u+sjwn ai k/6q9qb*)mv- ljr g wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joux pppqo0 z)5-4hp p)1iy6rm 0vy 5jtrules, is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assum-;o5mm m g cl1;rfa0gbe that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of c05bla f1 -m;r ;mmoggwavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kineticf/uql-( -re tk9ov ftch47 ig. energy of the photoelec ot/euk(q9hfi-l7-v gr fct4.trons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoqfo zw/w+9sin *psk50pping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the wor 9 qno+fwp0zk/sw5si* k function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the )owv na,.6esgu5 6kr:prb p/q stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.b kr.,nq6rw 5g6 popes /au)v:500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelengs(0z 71rmnf y/rdp;vr th 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the mr0 rpfn ysz71d;(vr/maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is inci3lhr: q29(tpkim 0lup9 cens5dent on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make thm 9t9u pr2 h0ql 5p:nseiklc3(e photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle in Compton's s):ehn;(z1ax ,gt mjax cattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shit(;1e,xja )ahgm:znx ft?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength s zd*su ll:7-n25f zoqshift is obs5-7 dfsnzsz2q*:oll uerved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrb0:alx m sre20ons at 130e. What i m 02lsbr:xea0s the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a bam77j m 0dhvba0p. ( ;/lyzqt)6jbro bxll of mass 0.50 kg moving with (70zpby0h. m)/l r7 maq;tvbjobx d6ja speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Brogl,2/oaqo:tk5cq z hv7rs- d7qdie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 mhk75dqza d2qo,vc-trq7so : / /s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matpt)f asrmz gg 0, t1nqqqgcr2-m8-9.hter wave associated with an electron moving with azfg qp.2)q0ms1qgr c -tahgn-rm,8t9 speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 ck -vqhu)fjvi9v 2.mt7ku *:sV. What is its wav97k2jv.iqtm:vu svc- ku)* f helength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its wav6 cahr iu,0ii1* 1ccq/zqa9znel6ncc/ iu q,izh19z*i 0ra qc1aength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential diffnr1*/+c9pk2womp nj uerence of 100 V. What is its momenp 2r*npwmn1/jckou9+ tum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is itsr x f:5dl;oiqsx*,:jt:o o9n v kinetic for,vs5 : xndjo9itx; :lq *o:energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a we /pf5fr:d769n0o acnl cip4 wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nmue.j1mryo: ;s28 i9,k dn-hm*qcqew u. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic rjn:cuh, eie2o mqu*yr1qw;md8.k -9segion.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transitioozow-1 9in e*zn from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelengthzwn o9o- zie*1 of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydro 7my,3 )b *)haicsqow 3ayt1ehgen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when o b37hi3 yaqty *, chas1e)w)mit is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To whidin3rc ;5x h,xzycor,: bw;4hmqo4i-ch state will the emd:y4h h4zqcnc,x 3;ri x5 bwor ,;o-ilectron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization enfqu/6q vztrdd(gz:/ 0ergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionized heliumk( iitv-6*dl q?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom ojs 0,*hd0k lomust

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydroged3h9qv7ep ,gg +mx-j en atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energ,hm9qj-g7 g ex v+ed3py in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser iu vnz/ *qz/jp9s 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two ene q/u n9zpj/v*zrgy states involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. ui2 gpnl (j8gigq5 j9 , ,xsf.oodmps+,d(uk1 How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circu5ip1mu2 8s,9pox ,.g(jnd olj,s+f(i kugd qg mference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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