Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons ar.fjgs egh e2u0pph6 7 xol*:b+e emhegj6:epx g*.sh u72 0lfo+p bitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal z u / f+pcioisa5r)87csystem that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest teqw.ck v) r5o:b(afd -tmperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given phot/zfmbs vo(9.cw1uw :wqrf00aon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units p t yo ntm1uk8b)a;cj*rp-qj /-vd/s.of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vjoldf89tmpjvv a vv97+ ;+- ubalue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particll0b 2yxye :hs*e that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accu3jcwx itk 8;h7rate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon ix )vnxah* 8zmx *73utdepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factor mcr ,yw:/7pqxs34dkv does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy eef-8 a*/4i k cojaoe6photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is hdidji;,m, 5b,l wx2 xlj7)ruexplainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's s m7et4cc+ncz fnw,wq,rm( 0.v urface in the photoelectric effect,cw vmn (mq,.fecw4zn0t c+r,7 the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on whl7. xtft1l0+ix h tne7ich of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver t befe/4ls0t 7the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surfaclftee7st4 /0 be per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminat qndrkqwzoa3)9gco59 no c)09ed with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the iw9ko rq)gcz n9d90 qn)5co3aontensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters di2au s6 hk:2fthe beam in vahi2usfa:d6 2krious directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is e tpqi,sm +0 0s2etk6bcnqjn hzi*rel3m4 59* incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we *ti24p bnk6*e+jtsl90qq,eze n shmc503mir will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from u:wb.jlzy;1 cbm1u ,b an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increamqa0a d u7w r1 +h.wb,bso-6gwses, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at tha+m qw.dwhwo 1,bs670-aug r bat angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering ao5x yj yta2u p7mc/.dt:hal 2+ngle produces the greatest change in wavelength:5 . +pctmxtjya 2au7l2oyd /h?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in aq r2w .tka x7 pqx87d,a1z1uzvn X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelengthwd zzua21q q.x87p71,rkx tav of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, itx7.u +ftj4c/zm3lwk o is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way k/ 7ozx.u 3tm+ 4cfljwthat an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de 8 :a:ebqquvut7 v/py9 Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed, t9yo l*n6co - p0ak(.xlrzch/*;7qrr hoq/z vo here is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if the8mx xk2hc )7sg)pd)au y are moving wpkm8hx))7)da2 sug c xith the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball ist 40 bi3,)b crica9vmf0b3voz not noticed in everyday life is thatc4 ,o0 bv zvft3r9)bbimci0a3

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an yka ex4dy i:2mvm58/lelectron microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as the lenses dot,-y8,ignvv z in an iy ,t-vnzv8 ,goptical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capadluu 4jq s;a).1whn- eble of "photographing" individual atoms).-4qne hda;u sjw u1l?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the +bj r(cjm-7ur m 2d(2cbkbx xqn: la,-xc-r+jatom, the angular momentum of an electron around them ju-j2r-albcrxdmb2 ,(( x j n7rxckc++bq- : nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to o/v,(lj ti 4qk+tne upcf;c5zm,oh1z-ne where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in ave.qv5p9r,ep g 4odc4 hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydr, /2dqq4 in eh8ho6uyyogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intn;hlf :m9sb2r b .x0kix 9i5qhense light emitted by a giant star of surface temperatux9 hsbfb m;52qr. n 0:i9khixlre 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequencyqs74e /44 tm .ylhl-bn9roaa3dg eq,g of the most intense radiation from an object with temperatu4hq3d7./-yoqgs eb rle4l94, mgaa tnre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photokm*2pl9nr . zucjrfjval8,)) n with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carrig mqj 5anccw4xu.);9j ed by a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has energy ) bw yps8r(*m7/qz vju$4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 merukld, 9/b(f eV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy sjecw(3 *f t3jof red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

How much energy, in joules, is carried by a phkhu m.td6+be/oton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that t*b1u ko,c.8oxkbz h(zhe lamp's light is monochrocx 8z,bk (*b 1o.houzkmatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find tk1i gp0j*adjb ,7j/ybhe maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the a0iydj, bk1j7gjp*/b wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopp)aszw 40.h1gaqww wd4ing pote wdg wahsaz1).04q w4wntial of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelesjwfi bcpy8g 9-61nk502b6p2 yk aziwngth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eVf8wk 1b0 sypng2-ijzwca5y6p92bki6. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is i s:(t* rikfy7mncident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrr: t(k 7si*myfons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incidenz4x0 q), mo:bbyhbn:ubdmn )7t on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavele7nq:bo bn hbzb0my ) mu)4,d:xngth of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle i 3hhyk;u)e rwy:)9gt -yafq m0n Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shift?q9te:) kyhf ymg; -hu3rya)w0

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. gr9gmgcww01x l0) gps. cra :4 The wavelength shift is observed to:g 9 ) gwr0x0cam.cg4wlgsrp1 be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electr+e f qv;p4n5kva;ua3uons at 130e. Wak3+vn4feuu 5p a; q;vhat is the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associzu2a 7j7 d;djrated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed j;ju7ddra 2z7of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving wit6hj.u enmi+e iw1n -g.h a speed of 30i-.n.g e+6i 1muw jneh m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an elg.hm t41t7pg2c+ xcmd k2pp5eectron moving with a speed of +51gpdxpphm t4ctge22c 7mk. $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is iw-fos, u+0nkbj: 1o53qjgngd ts waveu,35ood :wgfj+sjg-k10bnq n length?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated 6;x5k1iiyzu(vy6t,fi l )xn, x5cy aznc/;y e by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its waveleznny;6 6)kily,1zx yi u x,at5vie(yf;c5/cx ngth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its mom7t jh 2me /es0pob+9lzf2zfh0entum in me7z+lz/h 0 20e 9oftpsjfb2h$kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 Vt(i*-b8dfu/h ac7u69c s pd fb. What is its kinet -t f*ubdb6h/87c(af usipdc9ic energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has q kvfh 11i3pph,6 rc7da wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This g r3) )cf 0pxei0bqjv(energy is not in the relativistic ref 0r 0(xg)ibv)jpq3cegion.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 hb5s+wx3qy s o /3o-hdstate to the n = 2 stsd /ob sh3 w5qo+hy3-xate. What is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its grr+y47 aad4cft ix/su:ound state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n+/rutay4 c sfd:47a ix = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of enevqn-z pq, /uu2rgy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make a tran2-nu p/,vuzqqsition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neut4i.g 2uyy gl lb484jowral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of singly ionized helium?ce s*)*q all8tsizvwv,2 ;e;x

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2,s jht(jm(3u.i9 ok1 ya the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of thwx sqd-+ru+ fy; j0gk)e hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy insyw x++r fk 0q)ugj;-d state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What -x ggjlt3kxa:*x, j, ais the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser action?ltxxjg* a3,jxa:g,- k

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an - jouyk4hm2 5 m9/zvadorbit characterized by n = 4. 4 9/mh2zymda5ku voj-How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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