Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the eleli8buq4k/3j +sq:v z ictrons are emitluv :bzk4/q qs 8+3jiited

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system thry ta ig5 7vrit;9q2:zat

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is assoc-lk 4mg+8aqmoiated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy toidaeolq,/n -1 frequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant encvp7*vd /3zy 4/ cgmare

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vr ymq f6prfy1)j:j- o*354rshzql y(o alue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlf,3q8xwosn) b0q(m v yaj7f s)e that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate state5 hi5uwohv3 ws6;6j bfment?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depe/wpyn(c060v.ani*o o(g)yb d u(akii nds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what factfnaxl 33 dy4+uor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the low r-xub 92+z2ed e6snquest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is esy-a +7t3bzc da4q1yoxplainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface iqc0gx41 xxgxo)1jxq4 n the photoelectric ef4gxg1 x xqc0qjox) x14fect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the following?7 zg xjz+h:t.c56xfg m

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver the same power , fu+vxsi ;4lp-bmd3a x,a(xy on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per sx;aa l+,b3(df-, y4uivsxpxmecond the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is ilylmj u5a: d,pii2t s).luminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a5. ,p i:tuja)li2dym s certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequenc1mli3c v5qctnri9:4 ly f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various i9 l51:tcl3q4 cnrvm idirections. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of z k e(k,kng7m5 4uda4( qyq8 4khu)juwwavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam ig(4 ye,hk wkqkujqu)7(nz4 d uk8am54 n various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increase in ita6yhtt;z2y0 es

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequ1. 5mw3o jpab9vjo+ni5e bv:l ency of the X-rays scattered at tlv:nojw 5b.9 pb3ei a+m1oj5vhat angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces thz uxlvp5 ,2 ,g:h-ud2kbswyu *f(dw6ge greatest change in wa ,l-fgu:upbhg25s ww6ukydz vdx( *,2 velength?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubl6ff1z6a5zt yvdppwz,i i 1)y -ed, the minimum wavelength of the X-rays f6d1izytp-,)fzw6a v51yip z

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible auhvs +425jsyfor it to interact with the matter in such a way thatj42as+5ysv u h an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de )tkxy6m e,5(syed6 d iBroglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is sxm3oj8 ut )-uaccelerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would 0daeaxbyv2-0 d p;3mo tend to have the smallest wavelength if they are mov2 adxymad 0;e3vbp-0oing with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in ev2rt 5hj rlkd+.o4suf 3eryday li5dl r34hj 2r.kuo+stffe is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over al2k9x g:danyx hfx( ,8 light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as thyctuy;c .z59ye lenses do in an opzy y9 ;tccy5.utical microscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable ovzb(c68 h-bxfa8(aqlz n ijak / 3.gr2f "photographing" individual atomskr6if-bza3l nj.gb c8 (xa82v /qh(a z?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angu 5tu8v8r3e;vd43v3n wa vpal klar momentum of an electron around 5 8 k3d3 v4apeavrvluv83;wtnthe nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one 820 ir+mbx bdl0ojt.yvp 3rp4where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen ad 0wns3lb76 ygtom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit v4,.fbdl d9ir radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresp37flh ycy;0y 9l2+mt p6qxk7xp6aw ja 3zl9e ronding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of surmxtkl 97prlplja2x+ yy 6we 6 0qaf39h;7 3zycface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an 12 m5he5nocvteq 6l kf 9)q)imobject with temperature el6tq i e5)qhf5 )1v9mnm2co k$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with f 2w. ,.q80hcbivpejsnrequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon(f0gl-pry *ze/at(z l with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic rad uucmv zz(*b+j*mqx9/ iation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromjs4m 2x1ioi 8o ;v/e; bgjoph(agnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon enermp;a*z: uhfy; 5da7 fyc)f:2i41v maaq(qwdtgy of red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a phovkc. +ub*szy )-o5od vton of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lam;: kjkbxy nyp*2ec) +oiw8fnur5z3x9 p? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of w:* e nb+x2zniu8oy) 5 ;rfkyx9k3pwcjavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic encu2ar8f8 og) hergy of the photoelectrons ifguh f o)c2r88a the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm .cmp.c,e*t ozx ;;f mbis incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential zm*,bpctx m;;c.. foeof the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on agdm me;i-b6 2e metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequencyem;mi2d g-eb 6?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm f-qb g09faj +i *ege0cis incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of0feg +gfqjia0ec b-*9 the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a mej75tge8 v9btztal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength9vtzet 5b8g j7 of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is (tqr:kds+y o j-13uh 4k0ly fulu)e-vthe wavelength shif4o)vsd1l y+ 3:rlek0 jh(fqu-kyt- uut?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. Thed 3 ftr9 .g/o(pb3 1trh-tonwn wavelength shift is observed otn-3hgbwr p 9(t.dor1ft/n 3 to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 1o+/ nx/f kq7t9m ldlzplu *u2:0d yw)z30e. What is the kinetic energy x7/p/2tlldz9ml0:y*qo)fd nukwuz +of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated y( zbe;x8l,tu with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving wi8u yxt;( lezb,th a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavpe2(1qv t(9syt b3r 9 iqmxa7uelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speed of 30 m/sxevau qbti(p3y9 2 (rtq1m97s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of jcl q47wso/tkb3vz-nox ;i19wlb9) dthe matter wave associated with an electron moving with a speed of /b791; voz)w3xjws9q4nto -kdilc lb$2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated throughhtru88s .bvv/ a potential difference of 150 V. What is its wavelen t 8u8v.svhbr/gth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of etcxy; d0 m0uoy..lk0100 V. What is its wavelengdt um;.yc 00xl0.oe ykth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is it fgkq,uf57 timd/ t9hmyn s2q43n(yj7s momentu2/f3t(7m 45k s7tiygfumjy9qnh dnq,m in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Wn .glrxz;;ti7+lqf/*ik p j r1hat is its kinetir/7fj kzi rp;n1gt q;l. x+li*c energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a wavele4m+lgrkpu 39f ngth of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelenahu2asz s-s9)gth of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not in9sasazuh2s -) the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition frwmn4. qy /93et aqfte5 ey7,z6jctz d20coth,om the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the emitted photonjftt.wtymq0 6z 2 hzone, a c9/ycd7,e4e5qt3?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy o; vq/x+br7p1f q2ab ki/uu0ssf the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the bb2qpu0/ + savf ;ki/s1qru x7n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the groun ;e qpm3g+qbi*1kt2y xp37tnod state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron mak3mqp +t* ;txk1o y2g3p7iqbne e a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hq wt:-ama:q d5ydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization enjm ls/.;w5ma6;xt+qh 3u )ujfx ib 6ltergy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1l j)y )vv5 -jw(aaws(;m ekfb+ to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of /ywu(d0,vs s,t ,shoo the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy/ou,sv osty,, hd(0 ws in state n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby lase wy wtf4pi7 9e2+/u2ywuudq f/r is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser if 9yu+7/pwfdu/wqy 22 4etwuaction?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an or0vdbt +6;zwi.sugr mb ) +q i9s7t.xuebit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of thir b.7i x0 tsw) muv eitbsz++dq.ug69;s orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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