Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating ptnh6qrf 3j f3 8s19ysplates, such as found inside a CRT, the electrons are emhjt33rspn8s6fyq1f 9 itted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system th1qr 0 35qbczo4fyhl 3cat

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature, dkqjaq71 +2cby7e,ft aiko.h fp8g.?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon gi0sa*z l5;o6ed+ ctwh6k5s kqbves

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Plancehi6-.bec o qe;e*ew1 k's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vw5hgtlkc7:j x7l 1k d/alue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle 9k ;dx grkx8twzn :l7)o98ae bthat

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurr+l,+w+ lv)en 5lmev91qct pzate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depends oc:ucrg - s-1bhn

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what fac:sq*f*jdm q2v yehiof 9849kftor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy pho/ty*zv8 hfye6w3il. 5oxu y*stons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is expl9qr7cdt m0apu64 cf*gainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to ej-ij; ,2 .lb 1t,wmx2ekabziya 6n3 xdqect an electron from a metal's surface in the photoelec1 22exi;mt i6zj -xwyq,k.d na3bab ,ltric effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy o(e5hf+nau2w e )dsjuqs + l90xf the photoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam o-x05wfj-f) y ,dfh4uldf y4bc+ dotr 2f violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per secon0,hfrudyd5off4l2ct- +dxy4 wbf j-)d the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a 8 m;i(b10o0 9xszgzwoxoh2 eas;3em ggiven rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue li91x(0gxw e0ss om;8boamz;3i ehgzo2ght is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a sub)v7edj6ktg;dj * qjpnr/cc. 2 stance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-ray;e*.jgjj2n v c/)dr7k6cd tqps, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the,l0 3gq .w 8sitkqkt(;g3ifwj beam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the3sww,g jkt3t g8;qf .iq(ki0 l scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scatb dw +i-y+,6qjqv ; bihkll.f)tered from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the freque nw1tynns-k -n(y qvr0cv *y33ncy of the X-rays scattered at that( --yw *ys1ky nvr 33cnntvqn0 angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angbmk 2n, :yyhe:(e8) vt giedf.le produces the greatest change in waveleeghe b8 :.ei(2n)dk v f:ymt,yngth?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubla5 tk-ru kfd*4ed, the minimum wavelengtkfd4 5 *atrk-uh of the X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes throu6fqjit ,lefo+vr 1 y6-gh matter, it is possible for it to interact with the mattlfivt,jre1-o+q 6 f6 yer in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fad yj *7j z 61gp9u1qmvy5tp2uxster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a r1 +od.je 3 wm(0zvskrhigher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if thebz l/womp1s1 5dah. l6p+t -8yo: uqlky are moving with the same dp5t6wasqll1 b y-+h8z1mulo:p /ko .speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseball is not noticed in everywhrrzv28rouc/g m q/g;72c4 s8(xpqyday life is thatrcyzq/ sr(w28pq4o c hg/ 2ug;r78xmv

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a light microscope?)h4pxphm3h(k, zrv ( h

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope thp(g7+kggwh-a at plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microscope i(+k wg7-g gphas

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photographing" inerg.hwi th0n lc- a.+:,xzf)udividual atoms?wun+:,lr.ef ) tai0h.g -cxhz

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentum of an electron ahg:gx0krvs( 2 round the nucleus g2vr:(hk0gs x

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 t n8jgtmppxg3*q(5 hw:o one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a .yx;rii- g7n*y ms zl:7fp)zr hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen-pqrxz-,y0-b j h c 3xt3m;6b9pdtghg atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emitted by a y1uvd2m biim)1 pa 7o3 ckn2z2giant star of surface1d2 1)2a7 mb3coympin iv uzk2 temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most inte ucn:rwj890d cde b7w3evj70lnse radiation from an object with temperatu3dd8l0jucc 0b 7we: r7nw9 ejvre $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon wifwtflsb8aj5zhaeg- 993)ud9 th frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon witol.* myfmam86c 1g n- ll/-xyth a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic:v5b j+zwu bh/h b+fz- radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of elect2t 4q*6oio.j vkoba0promagnetic radiation has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light hatchkc2qn2x((unui 8kj 24nm7 ving wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is ,q*i msve9* gccarried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50 ks)4(/ n,ofi(zwr msy-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of wavelenko/sm s inw (4yzf)r,(gth $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.kois2m9z rtvv1uz8 yirs-.;e (, zba25 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelengtvs iz2zroryt-s( zebk829v, 1u.a;i mh of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal sur9qixr sner/0 ljd4,;tface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the m lr9;t4j 0iqrsx/de, netal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm isl9by2-0 rdgwz v9 /mht incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 mw gt lz09v hd-/byr29eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength sweq021d9a ndw cp(-l 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kindwdqcel s-w920a n p1(etic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metal with work fu6qndf,sb/p+ 1ybk1vo s3eto 6z *vvo *c2epv+nction 2.50 eVyv v+/ob etc1efno*vp d*k26vq6s3o+ sp bz,1. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelengtu )3qzmgdafh- z,/g 8ah s ),zqz-hufa38da/ g mghift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wag orl/l:.) xj4b zb1xvvelength shift is observe).r b bjx/xl:zo4lg1vd to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nmbvwx/,g+v ph5(.b wcp are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the ki (cwwv.5pgph, +xvb b/netic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of m* 7r1amd/uac6, wpo gr-;dpwxass 0.50 kg moving6oa1/ugd m*rw7rx -cd ap;, wp with a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving w 5i7w w,ugsxn5kh +/gwith a speed of 30 msg,wxuw7i+/g5n khw5 /s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with z ezi78fpx .r2an electron moving with a spifx7. eprz 82zeed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potes* ) 7woa7jqskntial difference of 150 V. What is its wavelensj7)*sk 7aqo wgth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential diqc8zln p2:tr *n8x7vlfference of 100 V. What is its wavel*nq28rlc:xvn8 pt7 lz ength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a potenw bz+oyu+* )/fp1gyh mtial difference of 100 V. What is its momentuzo) puf* b /hmyg1+wy+m in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. Wh-+e3gijg+: i1 fc6tfsxzau 1mat is its kinetic ene6a-i xuis+ 1+jz mc1fg3:fgt ergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavs5y 0gm; osbu(elength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This enywi.q 0uza-61s )f ztwergy is not in the relativisticf waq0y)u.z istw 1z6- region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition fromb.4lbzjq- y 08adod;u the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. W q u0jd8lo .dz-abyb4;hat is the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. Whak25*/cfiny 8e ysg0 zrhba a,8t is the energy when it is in tha,g2 y0hn8bs*f5i kcya z8/ree n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in t n+gax4 busf-2 64ohjshe ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the el4sn 2ja+ghx6fb-u os 4ectron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy o g478um-4l kk,gjm gwef the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionized helin d c3if,nz/u.um?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1; lass73ukdy 4 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

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In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its enerno4e-0:s ntmq oa joddpb1e(e +0 8(etgy in stat eme8tnbp0e4 :d(j1ot+n 0oq -so a(dee n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy *lfaxq gbdo2 qhme +x)89cf6)as:68 cy/hbva difference between the two energy states involved i+c)6gxalmo hva8s h:29bfyx8 cq)fa6 d* qbe/n laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single pro6pjq qmah-9 -oko7h) mton in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie mh6hj9- 7 -qmpkoao) qwavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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