Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electronia+s/ qc4+fj4w7 v qhas are e7v qajiqsa++/f 4c hw4mitted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system thak;niefdzg /6 z8i26 vpt

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is 4ph5+mvs7. ev eocfs5 associated with the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frept4jul9 j4(zvi qi+ o3quency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's constant ab n3k kp-:bu;fre

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant hae)f 0tfmv7u qvk8st dy35 j4rm gjsla.08,n3hs a value of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thatj /i5 2g: zsg7d7h0mm3eyk-c:c tejeh

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accuratefhn68 b8 ;6 prmoxgz9hh0 7eu8:jxuzw statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon n/* wcs l1 z8cdfe;3nhyh(q-adepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a nkdjul*39f1 h * hew5pri)2 odphoton is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest /v1lra0*bh76 q)8 vzwpix pzj energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assumin yhqr 95ketk afe7pa2bo 0q1*7g

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a merjiyr8w+z 3 i+l;m8 t 4ymc:srtal's surface in the photoelectric effect, the phol;3t+8 z :mr mrj ryici4sw8+yton's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the followingmo 39 lw;/zid/xk d +jf0)pbgn?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deliver ttby/t01 yjt5k *ldk7jhe same power on a surface. For which beamkky dj5l 10tt *b/j7yt is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illumig,k+xe h)zof2 nated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity)xe +,g2zkohf of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that pb.w+(ak ztg *8oqf -lscatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the sco+8lp* fbkwt.a( qg-zattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelengthdt kou+-ca26 4 v/cizo l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various zic-/6toaku co vd42+directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattniyw/jc c wxvmt:(07. ered from an electron, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequencyd8y ml: 8gctg; of the X-rays scattered a glt8; g8:mdcyt that angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, v i22l;qu uefmf),s) bwhat scattering angle produces the greatest change in wavelengthlmvf,2uus)2ebf;q) i ?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray t1wz; m.g wd(1a2dt gqaube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the t gzg dqm1a;dw.(2 1waX-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes tva--6d1wblo th o8e ,hiqnt6) hrough matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; thih- 6bl,tq1 eowin)av- 86h dots interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, itx x qd8 -*d,ozehuio41s de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to azf5ll mop04* g1q1shz higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the followinn5 jk.9e vj5t xa+gh2db1 99swps,vceg would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they ar2n.5,t+e9wh dx1vap9s kbjgc vs95eje moving with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving basebal *ku b 2(,n8wn2csf/b2eruxfwl is not noticed in everyday life is thatu,e 2 xufrwnwn (/fc*kb22s b8

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electr-1l 5qw 0alxqlon microscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays zmon,b,fuxl8u is(u -h*i)2r the same role as the lenses do in an optical mic-,n h(fbzi)*xo2ms8u,r iuul roscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "p( ee9esk8zd 3:htys )xz-ww m8hotographing" individual atoms?dsz8 m t3(:wyezx k-wees9h8)

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentumf7gbpu)e 5ww0 dqc18l of an electron around the nu )g ew0 7qw1p8duflb5ccleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one mrj5(,vy + mz0gxg wr0g yrv;7where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent vjg3-j2muo 3v8 07r:bbfxb fyorbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii-4 iokvbay ;e5 in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to the most intense light emicscvw;t;+9zlbkt9bd; np6 4 y tted by a giant star of surface temperature 5000 K?n4;zktdl9t 9;yscvwb; cp6 b+

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an object with temperag )nz3*tq0y 92mqkt xctureqt)t z30kqy92mgcx n* $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a - od giyiu662pphoton with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a+i.7g brsc mmqs;mv .+ photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation gyqd-j, ai6slpo01 g;has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radia0 95en tuurn6ztion has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy ;mul jfh59vm 8s/m (xa+ i3secof red light having wavelength 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photd0e j0ss+9c4y gvd0zoon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons6mw31e(x7yshlszk ajw5r4 f9 emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's light is mk6yz4r(w5s3ja9x ml hf e1 7swonochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work funcq6(0lrnavd(+g k)m action of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectron) qrd(kav06nl a+(mgcs if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of waveles uu7gbqxe5 5;6 y4 asvndax3/ngth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. Wqux5seva 4 3ysdab x/ u;g567nhat is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal suzdi0b qort- *:rface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold fr *o-bizdt q0:requency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface,g2e6tii(va4b8g f zi, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum (i vt2gi i ,eb4a8g6fzkinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic light is incb: f:2pcvn 7aavzyz8u(xb :a 9ident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping: 28 7a:bn uzvf baa9yv(cpz:x potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle92g5rd 8khak/ u e vrvx3:f7eo in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shiftevgexho:dvk5 7r9r2 38fuk/a?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.-sz pnlclq+te65 s* 7h20 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is obp7h +c*nz- tels65slqserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelengpqt f1)srs zj,,/y9s zth of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic ene,)jzqfy1 sts, /zp9rsrgy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave assocji 1nmast6(c (y)lj/xiated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 21nxl 6 sjy((c) /mitja5 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass:7g 6hzhbh.u (p ipxe* 200 g moving with a speed of 30pg h.phi e x:(*hubz67 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electron m8izeac5 njf 44oving withc8z 5neja4 i4f a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a poten dli 4zku46zf.tial difference of 150 V. What is its waveliudkz44z .f 6length?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What iudu4z gg4y1z8 s its wavelengt8uzz 1u 4gg4ydh?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerated by a ujzw g, s,/8oq:k.c 0fe1xmlzpotential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum ig:k1 u/xm,we0zc j, 8fols.q zn $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a por6x, hfvap. 6zey4i)ew2 -b rntential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic erz xva 2ernh.i6-pfw)y46 b,energy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelhwh 32mq3m7 i bzdgm9)ength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavel-esnsqjifrx 4i676 xui76 9bi ength of 0.123 nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is nb76s- xx4 iq6jfie6nii9su7rot in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 stzlp67 q+b ik2/ft8i/ c mwww3hate to the n = 2 state. What is the wavelength okwtb qi8 p7cwzl6w/2/+ 3hmfi f the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. Wh: bky *fql.lfv1dv*x2at is the ene.fly* :qlvkb*1d2f vxrgy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the ground state p5j 23 iafu6xxabsorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the ea6xi5j2x3 p uflectron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral tkjtkt2. a )2uhydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionizations20snsx w.(j0 jjm, fp energy of singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen at qvs6u 5*;7cij ne+mtxom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is-j*hpyfn f z-: -13.58 eV. What is its energy in f-:fn -*pyj zhstate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What vfkd 9.,ojmw -pc n(n.m5qf3b is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser 3b.5fqkm- 9dpm( jvonfcn.,w action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single protoid wj7zmi5w 4gp*a2j/ n in an orbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumferenciga7wjz4wpj 2i */m5d e of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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