Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the elect,tyk ccjxa2 (6o:/znorons are emit6(zcy,o/2 :nocktaj x ted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system thae07kr9gkkk9iw(m k.d t

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest temperature? 94 iipe,bv z-.cswcmw.e+sp5

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequsuo )fuie3 57yency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck l208mb qba(va's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valu10m+a+t*fc bly2 e okd;qiiq:e of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thatv22s( dzxic7 ;lmk1 nj

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurat2v9m n *;a/lffx. f4ayn-hvsne statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depenmmjw,g u 2+1jkkw, y:tds on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a p9mr1i (b tri;dhoton is halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has .mtyhi;-r2 +tfgw e3raw6j ia7h9n8d the lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is2ax g)zfwwzi/74; adp explainable assuming

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the photoel xls-qw) -u8nlectriw- qu-lnl8) xsc effect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the eu:p)zm qok (j2t,d1 8hgue )gphotoelectron depends on which of the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a :8n4zglnb qok3fbt) 695 g(tml ;m/b ch1hcu wbeam of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which bwqcm:n8;kl5h n z gcmgb4 3/u1)t96h(lfobtbeam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated wiz*1krlrfbldz t )f568th blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity lkrf*5 d68zf lzr)t b1of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a substance that scatters uj wcplt389 g.uo6w4bthe beam in various directions. If we measure the fr u.lb89guc 6oww4pt j3equency of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wjvdvnv loyl /6w)d.ft c)j704avelength l is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. ov4 c) .lndvf/7lw 6d0)tjy vjIf we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an increa0e() 6hma rgesse in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, na.sp-:pfx)tfg en,n wz:79 ethe frequency of the X-rays scattered at that angl)n9za xw tfp :.sf:g,7ee -pnne

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the grea)qvts-bn ct.q,l1q.oz jw 9p0test change in wavelengt )sbpql10.tow,qj czqt.9vn-h?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voj6 uyfdw4sk*ooo ykw: 5n-1u/ltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of th*w6-5 fy/:skkyuoo d4 ujn1owe X-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes th)egt ge:-gi9i bb)n8nrough matter, it is possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are p )nggbne9ie-bg:i t)8roduced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie w x:cq*lqn8ny 8um .v3tavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a higher speed,scxkr o bba0ah) 5 jzql94605x there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if6o :wyaiu4b2p ,:l n a2ffd2tj they are moving with the same w4 :aynid2:jtfo6f2lb ap ,u2speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a moving baseb; ;t4oz;a(ma)iqibt t7a o .;;raibruall is not noticed in everyday lift;)ri;bmitaqba. 4;o(or ; 7u;ata iz e is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron micrbde/ate7os n9. kbti455 qz 7joscope have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plaxjtv6paj/j0+uy g6i60zqj a -ys the same role as the lenses do in an optical mzgtvi jpujx0 /a6 qj- +j6y06aicroscope is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following micr2pgeq*vk v )t v j8l+wxwlh11 .)6kbynoscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomw2vwq)1 * bvtplg v1e6k 8y+)lxh k.njs?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atomg)n:pv)tu sr5, the angular momentum of an electron around the nuclev)pu5r)sgnt : us

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit where n = 4 to one wheo2f: m+9iy67kjw 9o c phpx-e,y9lpp rre n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjace rv58y/c fl3s t oh3,sv0a5ooynt orbit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen 6 +kne hbi9y)aatom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresp5b9s 6f2 +t/z(kqhpkgk gf)fuonding to the most intense light emitted by a gian)ufpf62k +hz(q9sk /b5k g tgft star of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiahf cs*y -2wdb5tion from an object with temperatw5ys -dh*b2 cfure $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequeh+zy r v6h +z0tm3 0xmqfq.c,ency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by m6jw cq*ejeiy+0x6h .d 3o di1a photon with a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electrol*0z dcw..wv fc kl9)hmagnetic radiation has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiatvas*ql 4*d tunth; 4f9ion has an energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelekk0gsm nz)*p me r-n ijzs+3,6ngth 640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photonqkmtz)i 58k4g+hkk+y of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vaporxj3 14ba 5.kg jaanpk: lamp? (Assume that the njp 5a1 x4:3jgb.kak alamp's light is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetbj9 (adug,ps(1: vy woic energy of the pho,yp1g9bv s ow(j:a(dutoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppivrlrx1x, )6qrhqf h .yz93r+ ing potentialv rl9.+rh1ix f qq)y6zrh3r,x of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping p ; ,e9 lu2*xa7nrdx:vy/hqjjb otential of the photoelectrons is 0.50 x b7;2leh:*n xdu/qrja vy9j,0 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelen eno63 jkfih*0gth 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy 63ki* h nofe0jof the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a metalsft; 4 r4uryd1 with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required 44syurf;1 r dtto make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If the scattering angle tpp,;ztj8i6g lwhwcv0zk5pj (86m- j in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength swl 68t t;cj(izgpp6pk 085hmv-,zwjjhift?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered bye-fqjlp3;b 4i4t d7 ov a metal. The wavelength shift is observed3e4 4 optfd;-jv lq7ib to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.0aab18p)yvqgo e3c19sq n/: mj0100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. Wh:yqonb 8msca1 v/9)q1 3jgep aat is the kinetic energy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave assox x3u/nuq fk 0hi,m.*a 7/yc/srj4exxciated with a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25hc0 xa.//ys7qxix j4m3x fnu*k r/,ue m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speee9 ky(zl5in7mk 6x gbfxt+ h,ao)63hld of x 9g+ym( tanl,6o 3 5lbehh) ikz7xk6f30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an elec q0fy61m r(jeutron moving with a speed r6qj0u1e( yf mof $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated throckxj,:)ib3gpxd mg) 9ugh a potential difference of 150 V. What is its waveljkxg3pi)x9g: db c ,m)ength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 ;bft tixzrvvm *a+*3)V. What is its wavelrv)v xb+if*a; t*z3tmength?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference osp39zm-4u2cx bs:hxg f 100 V. What is its momentumpsgz92m s hu:c4bxx-3 in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potenti58 sm d-,vf l.xjepiz+al difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic ene5plxj+fe.z8 ,sd vim-rgy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has a we+z 3j+ ag;4 gy e8+dmd5gvroeavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is it *hxb4 ze7pb o 2m4v)gnzf7t3vs energy in eV? (This energy is not in the relato4fx g7zmv47h tz3n)p*e2 bvb ivistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom maked :07sn3w)k fpo*zbm2ilr.hl s a transition from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is ndro fw:phlm.bi30)zk7s*l 2 the wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its r f 4xp +h89b;-mqdakaz3zfd( ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it iskzqr (f4ma9 f8h;pd +ax3dz- b in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs p11z , r6pc/k ld3kkyea photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state wlrk/pkd1e py6 1z3,kcill the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen atoy/*g 7 qsmx,z6 zs qtwr+.koi/m?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of )g3 u2zrd sj)0a i(bqdsingly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the z0tdx043 rhvzn7l9r 5 6pvk t0r)nglkdbq+1n hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the enqya 4 giv- ek3r5+ qbqyo2hc8)ergy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in st-ai)q 34k8g qhc qer+5 ov2yybate n = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 69 uvr0t) ei u5wrzz8(:s4.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy sta5 w8s(uur 0rz)vze:ti tes involved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit characte97xcju4va4a s rized by n = 4. How many of the electron's dcjx a49vu7a s4e Broglie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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