Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electr6r5j.os b+: sw )bi3rwv czr(lons are emit +cbjs . ( slrro5brwviz:36)wted

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal system th x l 7(/bn1yqrfci4:q8vc,pxgat

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated wkgilypk1 ox,4(0mz1 zvc1)/t ;nr 7wfpro y+dith the lowest temperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to f,3fncu upa-kb7e+ce9 requency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units- rpd.dad9fi7k8jw dfrs9yx -m,15my of Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a vlahew / 15o*ygalue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thah* 6ge k9p)cmgt

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accu g0 5)1ajmyknbrate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon 08wb3 qgqwf 6tdepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, b1yb)fydx r/w, y what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has thee9yus7 lq3.,a - 9izh3yvl;j2 wjv taj2nshv: lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assumit-i l b+98skor:i orsyo9g7p)ng

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in the phtuan0(vk5g ) tqt9(jbotoelectric effan5ttu )qj vtg90b( k(ect, the photon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of9t+6xxs ct0v c the following?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light anui*qz19 )e ue(1wqj oo(k/w6 stqmk 8jmmev4, d a beam of violet light each deliver the same power on a surface. For which beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per s 6z mjqm1k9ue u )48eiq1 m/*qows( (wovjk,teecond the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminatee -vgwet- 6da56tp+ff d with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected6 edwt p5+egf vatf--6

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a su, 9mvadg60 ozm8k4krkbstance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-raysmd gz94r , vao0kk68mk, we will find

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a c9bn5(im pbl:fu,85d ti9 kvzsubstance that scatters the n9 cl5tbmiuf zb58:k9( v p,idbeam in various directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electrobuzt ;x5 qc p 4fi7e(ehiyq3u/ **q(jln, there will be an increase in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle incrgc kkvy.k w9;q4t9,c3os yy ;eeases, the frequency of the X-rays scattered at that an ;yv; ckq94 ks.cty, eowgy39kgle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, c10(lw ecq0t i7y sif1what scattering angle produces the greatest change in wavelyw1ii 0tc1c 7(e0sqf length?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doublm8vzimb5rt. *yc1 6 tnr7q35wzpr fz.ed, the minimum wavelength of the X-rays78tvrz.mr5. mwrz 3tb z* ipfc n1y5q6

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it r ifz v-t* y)(8deoq 46ozsz.wis possible for it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electrov 6z.-tr*(fzq izd )ew84yoson and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels fa6 e.ikz(thpux)z+58 yz x 9bcxster, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accey(:hn9lr5fx l lerated to a higher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to havesqv 7 x+g)3xv;ownp: t the smallest wavelength if they are movingtv;x wp)nsq :v7+xo 3g with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a lrh59 h2:sw6:ot npy0 d* e)v f,fanabmoving baseball is not noticed in everyday lif6)a r*s:h:eynb2dhn,0a tv 9l ff5 opwe is that

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope1h(sy/tbfbce7cu 9pp ho+ 62r have over a light microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electozrutm ataw8731 6gx *0fjwv6ron microscope that plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microscogfawx7z j0w3v to61aut m*6r 8pe is

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "pho3 vrq7z2skhh q8 q)hyoni4(j6 tographing" individual atomszin (rvqh28643 hqh k 7yqoj)s?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of theg;5lxwe*19v pr(ub ie atom, the angular momentum of an electron arounbv9 w;1le x5pgu(r*ied the nucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps )i/ ixc.yh1nxl3) a qpfrom an orbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hy)r; i+ df,v(lp bv.mqbeet32a drogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orskaq5+ qsv +(ubit radii in a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresponding to tdnf6j t/2ttz vz,q3: ww tet97he most intense light emitted by a giant stjzt,t 2 wtz: 3w/6fnvtq97dtear of surface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most yea u3).7(bk2refkcj intense radiation from an object with temperaturkuf k7b) e.2cr3(ajye e $100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carrm-sod : n/d voplaa)21ied by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon wi +bebw 05h6o(.txld cuf: zc0cth a frequency of 100,000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiatig: jjf fltx:zb x7f*8,on has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has +61je5 on qocov go96ian energy of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength * .9i gent zr2mgszk82+*jfhq640 nm?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavele4rexmkn1: rj( ngth 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp9.e5stfaz /c-0dr2 wz r 1eqvn? (Assume that the lamp's lig5zcdwen/e1 rt a02r.v-zqfs9ht is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetl2zuaz74+upi0x; m(f7he l sbic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of light is 2507pf7u zl0b ai2hm(e4szul x;+ nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nd9p e+g2e9 uam2nnxs 8m is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potentialne2paem92+nusxd8 9 g of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 3e9 pc,ablo: dq5vs ecwoss:;a. x1p di)b8e4350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold si);.o9x, 5 bpsbcv:4e e3 8o saa1ew dqclpd:frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stoppinw6d8v pm m 2d+m3tmep*g potential of the photoelectm* ppw8mem+2dt mdv36 rons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a md 0qy0kkw* +ejetal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is requiykkj0ewq+0 d* red to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle inqxz xh9t-jj+5flr kl9(i6 1w w Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the wavelength shif xr9 jlxfz (t5kw+-9wjhl1iq6t?

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays of wavelength 0.2;k.kjb 3,wx xbu)5 k:gclcz 6l0 nm are scattered by a metal. The wavelength shift is observed to x bkx)l6ulj c 5. ,kwk:zc3;gbbe
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm arepd9,uoo6bkm ci )n2u 3 scattered by free electrons at 130e. What is the kinetic ei kn3uco)op,6du 29 bmnergy of each recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with 5o,c9/c pd-qh yjx6q4cdyou0 a ball of mass 0.50 kg moving yyd,o o0cxpqc54 u6hj9 cd-/qwith a speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g mxs(w ;+il7 ud)mxg j xar;jel u+ao6x+;n.h1 ioving with a speed of 30 m/s?anlxus+u xxd hj167l+;e( r);i;a ixgjo.w+m

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an electru(:57b ljq.nmpla)66f8xobj3 o4 q;fc vj rdq on moving with a speed o)4lol7 f;. u djqj vb85afq:prxm(boj6c3 6nqf $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential dme/d ot1ww,i;9 vsw*j ifference of 150 V. What is its wavelei, dm*t/9w; w1vjeoswngth?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference ofsv(7(-5 9x g cbqyeej.jl us33cfk).-jl kdlu 100 V. What is its wavelenq-f 7s.dc9 .j(uek)x3 jljv 53sgle( cu -blkygth?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential diffbt zeaccmc4y;6h5 +* ference of 100 V. What is its mome ;4h y5+*6ecmtbac fczntum in $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V.j6*;p6h6o:a)cu ld8q5v gro hngda,e What is its kinetic energqah ; 6a5u ),*h joo8peg:gnd6vcdrl6y?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelength p8, l+g fx(nn.kw st*qof $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is iv-3xgeegphdol: 1 k83el /;xsts energy in eV? (This energy is l kl;e3es:-g 13xph xge/8dov not in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 state to the /(m (10p ininn,s ,txzgtto :mn = 2 state. What is the wavelength of the ptz(tt ,,n gx(snnii/m:1 o0 memitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its gr odm,yo;ubys2 aqpb.ac0 ;6 4found state is -13.6 eV. What is the ofo 6b4m;b;.0 , acu2sdqaypyenergy when it is in the n = 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a photon of energy 12.in7 p*rwjyckb86( iple6q5(h 09 eV. To which state will the electron make a tr bycr76(ip 8hlkpij5ewq n (6*ansition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the neutral hydrogen *rlsgsan+u/:;3v4nzy qb2 h xatom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization energy of xq ):4k a,gerh(gwdy0singly ionized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen ato yxuo;ou xr ql-/0u*u5m must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy ofyn)pscyo51b(c, u3j t the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy in state np(oyyjt, b cu)c 51n3s = 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference byvr0v6d6 6g fhetween the two energy states involvedvrygh66 60vdf in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an ozob :(vdg *dc0ic.4 al2y:tibrbit characterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie waicy icbd(a* 2g.vb to: lz4d:0velengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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