Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

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In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside iy:vp7 l1e 2,waesvb 9a CRT, the electrons are emitted v: y l9w7eiv1aebps,2

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ide5 :og(q,o grcbal system that

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the lowest te(u; * ohfsgumv0 :5 qaznxf+b1mperature?

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy ;lu5glb,t szd8 s1yh aerye;2e)io5 ,to frequency for a given photon gives

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of :ji mwf3ol-uwslk0.9 Planck's constant are

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a v gv(3ipidj;sctd :2b,alue of

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particlo(5ic xd7qo h3e that

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accursyh ; wtdtioc4r;g(;-ate statement?

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon?

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon d m:fikvxsyg;83 )km0 vepends on

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon 3 e o1hu/1dwggis halved, by what factor does its energy change?

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has tz08vzsr k -h7the lowest energy photons?

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effect is explainable assuminnl4zq8yr + g-ug

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal's surface in thevbc.brrxw7/h g71 tzdxl(f:26 8sfdz photoelectric effect, the photwv78 rlbxbdxhz:r/ (szg c21t7d. 6ffon's

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which of the fopt kcifmne.mt6-6 3 j.llowing?

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light each deli/xr *1gc; 3vl1akqq::ro(phajfl 7rsver the same power on a surface. For which beam islao j(xs/g1k7:;rqq: vrh*ca3 p rlf1 the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest?

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illn(k k6/ dz5d4kv 1raerbq v8;xuminated with blue light and electrons are ejected at a given rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intenxk dnq16 v4a zr; veb5(8r/kdksity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frii svb(k -fz 9dkd+ei2a)j8x (equency f is incident upon a substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequency of the scattered X-rays, we will findv(i2i()d j a9xibe k+kdz8sf-

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substance th0au mgkhc*oi,xq/4e6wp +5z 0ah9 odhat scatters the beam in vari6*50h,u/ahmehpdg +z40 ok9x c oqa iwous directions. If we measure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electron, there will be an igxynt1 9v 7(ni h/0iybybf5 jgh0pv2+ncrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angle increases, the frequency ;c b9sb i6z ,tt2bet5oof the X-rays scattered at tz,oset 9b cti5b26;bthat angle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produ*6jw-gzfrsiul ,l-y +ces the greatest change in wavelengthiu 6lf*,srl w+g-yj -z?

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimumoee-(ujd*n r exa .//+u-qcws wavelength of the X(s e+qucw-.e- jeuxrn / /a*od-rays

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for it to 7jh 4ju7 qvqz9interact with the matter in such a way that an electronzv7q7h j9j4 uq and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to as

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster1ap8+cvgr1 /pm a5 kjr, its de Broglie wavelength

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a hig ue5e:69sqn muher speed, there is a decrease in its

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest w /4dtw( e;s1+u wzhdyoavelength if they are mou ;+s y4d towe1dz(w/hving with the same speed?

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike nature of a movinp6jup2 ; yezh9g baseball is not noticed in everyday life is tyz62p pjehu;9hat

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron microscope have over a ligh*s -l 87ukckcbt microscope?

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope thaecf6psge c m*d ,2/fn l-gnpj0 v6te;,t plays the same role as the lenses do in an optical microscope isenjpn0tc2e* p,lvdm ,f/;s6 ef g6g c-

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the followin(2jm04k +;s1y ino ffwsbnvs,g microscopes is capable of "photographing" individual atomssns1(vobs, 0ij4y+nf 2fkm ;w?

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular malvhy1m)j- ,5rwww 7eomentum of an electron around the n 7rj-hmy wl5vaw1e),wucleus

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from a; esr2q wi0o(/1lrg vfn orbit where n = 4 to one where n = 2

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atoysq() u 3p-oyga /yc9rm

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference between adjacent orbit radii in y)h;ouomxrips1, c4/j yfqe6y8 2+i d a hydrogen atom

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength corresp0q k ( u-wq.wv(symr,ronding to the most intense light emitted by a giant star of suw.-s(v0uq y(rm , rkqwrface temperature 5000 K?

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from an odk7de)ia3joksi0vq)ahmr *+* 1 *rmb bject with temperature dr biorkj 37+a )ma0q*ied1m*v*ksh)$100 ^{\circ}C$?

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carluaw/xly52t8p,1 qmns -1x4 ds aui)tz;lc (rried by a photon with frequency 110 GHz?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequency of 100,mngdqje/d cq09 :o+ 7a000 GHz?

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiationg 9m;bp.ar ha) has energy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$?

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has an energyxhsl., v6d* mq of 58.1 meV?

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wavelength 640 n+tqf(b 8g dt9b oh0qm8m?

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in j,fy8p(7jq )ins; gl ifoules, is carried by a photon of wavelength 660 nm?

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by atr2*bdy.03jh wl-3o bp* wu ww 50-W sodium vapor lamp? (Assume that the lamp's lighw.hpj0*lt-3*b w2bwd3u rw o yt is monochromatic and of wavelength $589 \; nm$.)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function q+:9z -b5vvm dflh nuhya(6f)of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons if the wavelength of lig n6 dmhl( vafzq- fv)h:u5b9+yht is 250 nm.

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incid5 0bhwuk.bwz35xhgwt;9hlb6 m0 znv, ent on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoel;9zx v5,bhm5b0uwhhtw3gk.6n bzw 0 lectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of the metal?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping y) 8bv ey0a:slp b.v1xwlm,no*6 k l6zpotential of the photoele* ew8l bmb yslzvy6kl):. o1pna, v0x6ctrons is 0.500 eV. What is the threshold frequency?

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

When light of wavelength 350 nml;l 0 o ipiyp:/x giyj rw:e7*k*g50l: ke5ttg is incident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectron r gll:i /:ej7e 0kiok5lwxti *pgp50t:*;yg ys is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the electron?

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A monochromatic light is incident on the surface of a met gpw+ -9fve)tbal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potential is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelen)fwbt vp-+ge9 gth of light?

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. What is the .quzx/fc5 upj;yp, ea,6y( zu wavelength shift?uey,xz y6a f j,c 5u(/p.zuq;p

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scattered .oe9x dfb uw6;by a metal. The wavelength shift is obseu .bwedox;96f rved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle?

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130e. bs 5yeusd : p+8ik,bd7 What is the kinetic energy of eachpbe+by,78d5 d issu:k recoil electron?

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mass 0. zj ;n6rqe5li050 kg moving with e6 zq5in0r;jla speed of 25 m/s?

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 200 g moving with a speedhz f 4-)e2a hdne-x9tu ofu9-dnx f 2-zh4eht e)a 30 m/s?

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the wavelength of the matter wave associateddp5f;9y*fh 7siu; / : eljhuqq with an electron moving wity * ljfsu9i/u;;q eq5fd7 h:phh a speed of $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$?

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V v5p f7p cz1*wx5tnby4. What is its wavel x4 5*5twfcp bp7vzy1nength?

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accel ignk:d99ql*,r hh q*lerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its wavegdl99q hk:*lhn*i qr ,length?

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is is :u1h 7fy-6 t-hkzgatts momentum y h- hf7k :6-g1uttazsin $kg \cdot m/s$?

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is accelerated by 0m(2peed dqw) a potential difference of 100 V. What is its kinetic e dw(m0q )ed2epnergy?

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A person of mass 50 kg has ac 1xf906it;qip+cod b wavelength of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running?

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 onj rw:iim)jp )/;v f)nm. What is its energy in eV? (This energy is not )pwjn ))fi vo;/j irm:in the relativistic region.)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transitio drybmu-)3g)jts;z)x n from the n = 5 state to the n = 2 state. What is t)mu rd) tsj-;3x)zyb ghe wavelength of the emitted photon?

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The binding energy of the hydrogen atojqpl) j4w ijqp77zd /)m in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when it is in the n 7dzp4iw )7j p qqj/)lj= 5 state?

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

A hydrogen atom in the g cpu:j(5qa c-dround state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which s5c(cp dja:- uqtate will the electron make a transition?

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

What is the ionization en85bmwbji)si 6 ergy of the neutral hydrogen atom?

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionpvf* qk*oy8a 7ized helium?

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In making a transition from state n5hu +:n;g: e x r4r:0uigtauud = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom must

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. f;exid 4a*un1xw2n3 u What is its energy in state n =x 1 3ed*;n fw4i2uauxn 2?

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

The wavelength of a rubg1id+x8txph 0 y laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy difference between the two energy states invoxp1ix gt h8+d0lved in laser action?

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem

An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit charaww3rb/7 pj+2ck5 j3 8m+ifo*q7 tck pdzdw uv:cterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Broglie wavelo7du+2z 7wfcwc5j:qw k/3pm 3kv dtip*8+br jengths fit into the circumference of this orbit?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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